Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

C Abrams

Publications and source records attributed to C Abrams.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Pericatheterization risk factors in left main coronary artery stenosis.

Patients with left main (LM) coronary artery disease (CAD) have an unexplained high incidence of complications during diagnostic cardiac catheterization. This study identifies pericatheterization risk factors for major complications in patients with LM CAD (stenosis at least 50%). Complications were defined as ventricular fibrillation not related temporally to coronary injection, persistent angina, acute myocardial infarction, profound hypotension and death during or within 24 hours of catheterization. One hundred seven consecutive cases of LM CAD (11 with complications and 96 without) were reviewed with respect to variables potentially related to complications. Patients who had angina in the 24 hours before catheterization were at increased risk. Four of 13 patients with angina (31%) and 7 of 94 (7%) without angina had complications (p less than 0.05). Distance from the catheter tip to the lesion also was related to complications (9 of 38 [24%] with tip 6.0 mm or less from lesion and 2 of 65 [3%] with tip more than 6.0 mm from lesion, p less than 0.05). No relaxation was found between complications and New York Heart Association functional class, technique (femoral vs brachial), performance of ventriculography, number of coronary injections, amount of contrast injected, severity of LM stenosis, number of major arteries with 75% or more diameter stenosis, mean arterial pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and left ventricular ejection fraction.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1985

Effects of cyclopentolate eyedrops on gastric secretory function in pre-term infants.

Because of a report of necrotizing enterocolitis and death of a neonate from cyclopentolate eyedrops, we prospectively studied the effects of cyclopentolate 0.5% and 0.25% ophthalmic solutions and of a placebo on gastric volume and acid secretions in 20 pre-term infants. Placebo and cyclopentolate 0.25% eyedrops had no significant effect on the tested gastric functions. However, cyclopentolate 0.5% eyedrops significantly decreased gastric acid secretion and volume. Since this effect may predispose to the development of gastroenteritis, we recommend that cyclopentolate 0.5% be avoided in preterm infants; a weaker concentration of cyclopentolate eyedrops, however, can be used for mydriasis.

Achlorhydria↗
PubMed1985

Effect of metoclopramide and bethanechol on gastric emptying in infants.

In a double-blind, placebo controlled study of 10 infants with upper gastrointestinal motor disorders, metoclopramide (1 mg/kg, intravenous) but not bethanechol (0.075 mg/kg, subcutaneous), significantly increased the fractional rate of gastric emptying following a 5% glucose meal. Infants were tested on 3 consecutive days with a phenol red dye-dilution technique which, if combined with acid titration of gastric samples, permits simultaneous measurements of gastric volume, fractional emptying rate, fluid output, and acid output. Metoclopramide increased the fractional emptying rate in eight of 10 infants (mean +/- SE increasing from 4.6 +/- 0.6 to 7.3 +/- 1.0%/min, p less than 0.02). Neither drug altered gastric acid secretion, but metoclopramide significantly increased gastric fluid output (mean +/- SE increased from 3.5 +/- 0.6 to 6.5 +/- 1.4 ml/min, p less than 0.02). No undesirable side effects or complications occurred during testing. We conclude that trials are warranted to assess the clinical efficacy of metoclopramide in infants with nonobstructive causes of delayed gastric emptying.

Bethanechol Compounds↗