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Biomedical subjects

C A Thornton

Publications and source records attributed to C A Thornton.

48 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Neurocysticercosis and human immunodeficiency virus infection. A possible association.

We present four patients with active neurocysticercosis and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. In three patients, symptoms of neurocysticercosis brought the patient to medical attention and led to the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus infection. Neurocysticercosis should be considered in human immunodeficiency virus-infected persons who have been in areas where cysticercosis is endemic.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Teicoplanin vs cephradine and metronidazole in the prophylaxis of sepsis following vascular surgery: an interim analysis of an ongoing trial.

This paper presents further preliminary results of a trial of the prophylaxis of sepsis in 165 patients undergoing vascular surgery. The efficacy and safety of a single dose of teicoplanin was examined and compared with three doses of cephradine plus metronidazole. No significant differences were detected in the prophylactic efficacy in either group. The first interim report indicated abnormalities in liver function, maximum at 7 days, in both groups. These findings are confirmed in this second interim report. Raised levels of GGT and alkaline phosphatase are more prominent in patients receiving teicoplanin. Liver function improved by 28 days, however, suggesting that any abnormality is transient.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in Zimbabwe.

We studied the clinical features and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology of 32 consecutive adults with inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (IDP) admitted to the teaching hospitals in Harare, Zimbabwe. Twenty-nine of the IDP patients had Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and the other three had chronic IDP. Sixteen of 29 (55%) GBS patients were HIV-seropositive, a higher frequency of HIV infection than in blood donors drawn from the population served by these hospitals. All three chronic IDP patients were HIV-seronegative. In all HIV-seropositive patients, GBS was the initial illness that brought the patient to medical attention and led to the diagnosis of HIV infection. Compared with seronegative patients, the HIV-seropositive GBS patients were more likely to have generalized lymphadenopathy, CSF pleocytosis, coexistent CNS disturbance, and prior sexually transmitted disease. GBS in this region of Africa is frequently associated with HIV infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Locomotor activity and contracture of isolated ileum precipitated by naloxone following treatment of guinea-pigs with a single dose of morphine.

Guinea-pigs treated with a single dose of morphine, 15 mg kg-1 s.c., exhibited an increase in locomotor activity 2 h later on injection of naloxone, 4 mg kg-1 i.p. At the same time, contracture of ileal preparations isolated from morphine-treated guinea-pigs occurred on addition of naloxone 1 microM. Contracture of the ileum was inhibited by the tachykinin antagonist, spantide, and was therefore presumably mediated by a substance P-like agent. This study has established a useful model for the parallel investigation of central and enteric nervous system mechanisms of opiate dependence.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Factor VIII-related antigen and factor VIII coagulant activity in normal and pre-eclamptic pregnancy.

The changes in the ratio between factor VIII-related antigen and factor VIII activity were compared in ten patients with normal pregnancies and in ten patients with severe pre-eclampsia. In the patients with pre-eclampsia, a highly significant increase in the ratio was observed during the third trimester. No difference in the ratio between the two groups was found on day 7 of the puerperium. In the pre-eclamptic patients, the highest ratios for factor VIII-related antigen to factor VIII activity were associated with either a perinatal death or with the delivery of a severely growth retarded infant. These findings are in keeping with an increased rate of thrombin production in women with pre-eclampsia, and suggest that the ratio of factor VIII-related antigen to factor VIII activity may reflect the severity of the effect of the disease process on the fetus.

Antigens↗
PubMed1976

A comparison of the effect of extradural and parenteral analgesia on maternal plasma cortisol concentrations during labour and the puerperium.

Maternal plasma levels of cortisol were measured serially by radioimmunoassay in two groups of 12 patients during induced labour and in the puerperium. One group was given continuous extradural analgesia throughout labour, the other group received pethidine and promazine in response to pain. Pre-induction cortisol levels were significantly higher in patients who were to have extradural analgesia but the percentage increase in plasma cortisol during labour was considerably less than in patients with parenteral analgesia; in second stage labour, mean cortisol levels were the same in the two groups. This study suggests that patients who had chosen to have extradural analgesia may have been more anxious before labour than the other patients but continuous, extradural analgesia suppressed to some extent the percentage increase in mean cortisol levels found during labour in patients given parenteral analgesia. In the puerperium, there was no difference in mean cortisol levels in the two groups.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mathematics instruction for elementary students with learning disabilities.

Recent research in mathematics instruction requires educators to rethink long-established beliefs about teaching, learning, and assessment. In particular, this research underscores the need for problem solving and higher level thinking in mathematics. Consistent with these recommendations, this article presents and illustrates four promising themes for mathematics instruction that have emerged from research involving students with learning disabilities. These themes-(a) providing a broad and balanced mathematics curriculum; (b) engaging students in rich, meaningful problem tasks; (c) accommodating the diverse way in which children learn; and (d) encouraging students to discuss and justify their problem-solving strategies and solutions-suggest ways for rethinking the teaching and learning of mathematics in relation to students with learning disabilities.

Achievement↗