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Biomedical subjects

C A Martin

Publications and source records attributed to C A Martin.

142 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The association of testosterone with nicotine use in young adult females.

This pilot laboratory study examined the relationship of testosterone levels, carbon monoxide (CO) levels, current and adolescent nicotine use, and histories of pubertal onset in 30 young adult female smokers. These females had completed questionnaires regarding nicotine use in the 7th through 10th grades, and again at age 21 as part of a cohort study of drug use. In addition, history of pubertal onset was obtained at age 21, as were testosterone and CO levels. Testosterone levels were positively correlated with cigarette use in the last 30 days (P< or =.01), CO levels (P< or =.05), cigarette use reported in the 7th and 10th grades (P< or =.05), and negatively correlated with age of pubertal onset (P< or =.001). The relationship of testosterone to nicotine will be discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mixed lipid aggregates containing gangliosides impose different 2H-NMR dynamical parameters on water environment depending on their lipid composition.

Water dynamics in samples of ceramide tetrasaccharide (Gg4Cer) vesicles and GM1 ganglioside micelles at 300:1 water/lipid mole ratio were studied by using deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance (2H-NMR). GM1 imposes a different restriction on water dynamics that is insensitive to temperatures either above or below its phase transition temperature or below the freezing point of water. The calculated correlation times are in the range of 10(-10) s, typical of water molecules near to the polar groups. Pure GM1 micelles have two distinct water microenvironments dynamically characterized. Their dynamic parameters remain constant with temperature ranging from -18 to 32 degrees C, but the amount of strongly associated water is modified. By contrast, a mixture of single soluble carbohydrates corresponding to GM1 polar head group does not preserve the dynamic parameters of water hydration when the temperature is varied. Incorporation of cholesterol or lysophosphatidylcholine into GM1 micelles substantially increases the mobility of water molecules compared with that found in pure GM1 micelles. The overall results indicate that both the supramolecular organization and the local surface quality (lipid-lipid interaction) strongly influence the interfacial water mobility and the extent of hydration layers in glycosphingolipid aggregates.

Gangliosides↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The importance of fulfilling unmet needs of rural and urban adolescents with substance abuse.

PROBLEM: Because of the negative impact on health of drug and alcohol use, this study examined adolescent needs and substance use. METHODS: Subjects (N = 191) were adolescents aged 14 to 19 in a rural and an urban high school. A modified version of the Need Subscale from the Addiction Research Center Maturation Scale measured a feeling of satisfaction related to meeting basic needs, and an investigator's prepared questionnaire elicited current use of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana. FINDINGS: Individuals with feelings of unmet needs were more likely to be current drinkers. Rural/urban residence was not a significant predictor in a multivariate analysis, but religiosity was. CONCLUSIONS: A feeling of unmet needs seems to be an important factor in adolescent substance use.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Improving the quality of medical record documentation.

Accurate and complete medical record documentation is essential in any healthcare setting. In addition to communicating vital patient care information, the medical record provides documentation of appropriate evaluation, treatment, and services. It also is used to evaluate practitioner performance, to monitor resource use, and to determine reimbursement. In this article, Carol Ann Martin describes the efforts of one hospital to revise and upgrade its medical record documentation by means of continuous quality improvement strategies.

Communication↗