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Biomedical subjects

C A Martin

Publications and source records attributed to C A Martin.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The problem of home management in the estimation of the incidence of acute myocardial infarction from hospital records.

Past studies of the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have found information for patients managed at home difficult and expensive to obtain. This study attempted to find whether the efficiency of gathering this information could be improved, or if this group of patients could be neglected entirely. A random sample of 270 doctors in Perth were asked about their management of cases of suspected AMI at home. Of these doctors, 78% said that they never managed AMI at home; excluding such doctors before seeking voluntary notification of new cases managed at home could make population surveys of AMI more efficient. For patients under 65 it was estimated that about 1% or less of non-fatal cases meeting World Health Organization criteria for definite AMI were managed at home. Thus neglecting this group would probably cause little bias in computing incidence rates for AMI in Perth.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Treating psychiatric problems in medical students.

The medical school educational experience is very stressful for many students, prompting some to seek formal psychiatric care. The authors describe the Medical Student Support Services program of the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. From July 1983 to June 1985, this program served 66 patients, representing 417 visits. On the basis of retrospective chart review with the examining clinicians, the authors present DSM-III diagnoses, types of problems seen, descriptive profiles of the patients, duration of treatment, types of therapy used, and data on marital issues. They discuss the intricacies of providing psychiatric services to medical students and make recommendations for program development for such patients.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Increased child abuse in twins.

Premature birth, neonatal complications, isolation, financial pressures, exhaustion and increased family size increase the risk for child abuse. All these factors may be associated with the birth of twins. Of 310 abused/neglected children under the age of 4 in an abuse and at-risk for abuse/neglect registry, 16 were twins which is a significant increase over the rate of 6.2 predicted by the twin birth rate of 2% (p less than .001). Descriptive data from a chart review are presented.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

First degree A-V block in patients on lithium carbonate.

High doses of lithium in animals and therapeutic doses of lithium in humans caused varied abnormalities in cardiac conduction including A-V block. Five cases of first degree A-V block in patients receiving therapeutic doses of lithium carbonate are reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Production of C-24- and C-23-oxidized metabolites of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol by cultured kidney cells (LLC PK1) and their presence in kidney in vivo.

1,25-Dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol was converted into several more-polar metabolites by a cultured pig kidney cell line (LLC PK1). The production of metabolites was stimulated by pretreating the cells with unlabelled 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. A similar profile of metabolites was observed on high-pressure-liquid-chromatographic analysis of an extract from the kidneys of rats dosed intravenously with 1,25-dihydroxy[3H]cholecalciferol. Among the metabolites detected were 1,24,25-trihydroxycholecalciferol, 1,25-dihydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol, 1,23,25-trihydroxy-24-oxocholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol-26,23-lactone. The results are in accord with data reported for intestinal 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol metabolism [Napoli, Pramanik, Royal, Reinhardt & Horst (1983) J. Biol. Chem. 258, 9100-9107]. These data indicate that C-23- and C-24-oxidation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol are phenomena common to calciferol target tissues, and that regulation of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol homoeostasis is dependent on the rate of its metabolism in addition to the rate of its synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Trends in ischemic heart disease mortality and morbidity in Perth Statistical Division.

Trends in mortality from Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) and other principal causes of death, and in hospital admission rates for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) have been studied in residents aged 35-64 years of the Perth Statistical Division for the period 1968-1982. Death rates were based on data abstracted from official statistics or computer tapes of unit death records. Hospital admission rates were derived from the computer tapes of the Western Australian Hospital Inpatient Survey, 1968-1982. Since 1968, mortality from IHD has fallen in the Perth Statistical Division in both males and females by 30% and 33%, respectively. This fall has occurred principally in deaths occurring out-of-hospital and has been accompanied by similar falls in mortality from other vascular diseases and in total mortality. Hospital admission rates for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in the Perth Statistical Division have fallen since 1971 by 17% in males and 27% in females. These findings taken together suggest that the improvement in IHD mortality in Western Australia has been due mainly to a fall in the incidence of acute manifestations of IHD (sudden death and AMI), rather than improvements in case fatality. The possible underlying mechanisms responsible for this are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The fall in mortality from ischemic heart disease in Australia: has survival after myocardial infarction improved?

Trends in mortality and survival after myocardial infarction (MI) were studied by use of computerised death and hospital discharge records for 25 to 64 year old residents of the Perth Statistical Division between 1971 and 1979. Highly significant falls in ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality rates were found for men (18%) and women (29%) but 4, 26 and 52 week survival after hospital admission for MI remained constant at around 88%, 84% and 81% respectively. Further, as 75% of all IHD deaths between 1971 and 1979 occurred before the victim was admitted to hospital, the survival of those receiving treatment would have had to be greatly improved to influence total mortality from IHD appreciably. As the age and sex composition of persons hospitalised for MI and the proportion of MI victims hospitalised did not change during the study period it would seem that improved survival after hospital admission for MI did not contribute to the fall in IHD deaths between 1971 and 1979.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Spinal cord sarcoidosis. Case report.

A case of spinal cord sarcoidosis is presented. Diagnosis was established from a biopsy of the hilar lymph node. The patient was successfully treated with corticosteroid drugs. The literature is reviewed and the deleterious effect of surgery is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Hyperactivity (attention-deficit disorder).

Hyperactivity, or attention-deficit disorder, is a common disorder of childhood and has serious sequelae. Patients with this problem present frequently to the family physician's office. The physician should be able to perform a thorough evaluation that includes a family interview, a teacher consultation, and referral for psychological testing. Once the diagnosis of hyperactivity (attention-deficit disorder) is made, a comprehensive treatment plan is initiated that includes the use of stimulants, family counseling with an emphasis on behavioral management of the child and support of the parents and siblings, and initiation of school intervention. Many parents inquire about diet therapy, which may be of help with some children but should not be used to the exclusion of other treatment approaches.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗