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Biomedical subjects

C A Foster

Publications and source records attributed to C A Foster.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Tracheal tube forces on the posterior larynx: index of laryngeal loading.

Most tracheal tubes sold today are arcuate in shape while the human airway is S-shaped. In situ, the tubes exert different forces on the posterior larynx, depending on their stiffness. Laryngeal damage after prolonged intubation is recognized as the result of these forces. The authors tested 8 types of size 8.0 tracheal tubes to determine the magnitude of laryngeal loading in a model approximating the geometry of the human airway. The force each tube exerted on the posterior larynx was measured in conditions simulating both, immediately after intubation and after prolonged intubation of 24 h. The force was converted into an integer number, an index of laryngeal loading, that can be used to compare various types of tracheal tubes. The airway model and test procedure can be utilized by manufactures, designers, and others to provide valuable information on tracheal tube performance and to develop improved tracheal tubes in the future. The results indicate that the polyvinylchloride tubes (PVC) and the silicone rubber tubes had the lowest index of laryngeal loading after long-term conditioning and would be preferable for prolonged intubation. The red rubber tube had the highest index of laryngeal loading after long-term conditioning, yet its stiffness would facilitate intubation.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1981

Medial canthoplasty: early and delayed repair.

Naso-orbital trauma can cause medial orbital wall disruption and detachment of the medial canthal ligament. Damage to the nasolacrimal drainage apparatus, cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea and frontal sinusitis can occur. Twelve cases of naso-orbital trauma have been reviewed. There is a high incidence of associated injury to adjacent structures. Medial canthal ligament separation was missed acutely in a number of cases leading to the necessity of delayed repair. Important diagnostic and therapeutic points are stressed in the acute and delayed management, particularly medial canthal ligament separation. A wire to intranasal button technique for the delayed repair of traumatic telecanthus is presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Prismatic cristae and paracrystalline inclusions in mitochondria of myocardial cells of the oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin.

Several types of unusual mitochondrial configurations were found in myocardial cells of the oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin. These mitochondria include, in order of frequency, prismatic cristae, filamentous paracrystals in honeycomb and herringbone configurations, and paracrystals composed of rows of electron dense particles. The long, parallel, evenly spaced prismatic cristae are square or rhomboidal in cross section. In the space between the prismatic cristae are rodlike structures (4--6 nm in diameter) that are regularly spaced about 12 nm apart and appear to pass between adjacent cristae. Filamentous paracrystals observed in slender, elongated mitochondria. The filament spacing and form of these paracrystals suggest that they are composed of the intercristal rods. Alternatively, filamentous paracrystals might be tangential sections of prismatic cristae and intercristal rods. Particulate paracrystals which consist of dense lines or rows of particles are the least frequent type of unusual configuration. The particles are triangular, possibly pyramidal, in shape; their bases are 10-12 nm thick and repeat in rows every 17-18 nm. There is a close association between particulate paracrystals and prismatic cristae plus intercristal rods. Although similar mitochondrial configurations have been associated with disease or altered metabolism in a number of species, we have found so such association in the oyster as yet.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cricoid chondritis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cartilage Diseases↗
PubMed1978

A morphological study on gills of the brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus.

The gills of Penaeus aztecus were examined by light and electron microscopy. They are dendrobranchiate, consisting of a central axis with biserially arranged branches that subdivide into bifurcating filaments. A septum divides the lumina of these structures into afferent and efferent channels. Hemolymph from the sternal sinus flows through the afferent channels into the filaments where it is directed into the efferent channels and finally to the pericardial cavity. In addition to these channels, numerous blood vessels permeate the gill. The cuticle covering the gill overlies a thin epithelium which is separated from hemolymph by a basal lamina. The epithelium, which is active in cuticle secretion, has a series of pillar processes that form subcuticular lacunae. The apical membranes of epithelial cells become folded in shrimp exposed to hypo- and hyperosmotic salinities. Granular cells that contain elaborate Golgi apparati and several types of granules are present throughout the gill. Nephrocytes resembling glomerular podocytes line the efferent channels. A large nerve traverses the septum in the axis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Paroxetine in the treatment of chronic daily headache.

Forty-eight patients with chronic daily headache, unresponsive to several combinations of pharmacological treatments, were selected for an open-label study using paroxetine. Patients were given 10 mg to 50 mg of paroxetine for a period of 3 to 9 months. Ninety-two percent of the patients improved significantly, based on the patients' percent of the reduction in number of headache days per month. The common side effects were fatigue, insomnia, and urogenital disturbances. The possible mechanism of action of paroxetine in the treatment of chronic daily headache is discussed. Paroxetine appears to be effective in the treatment of chronic daily headache; however, double blind studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Otitis media, cleft palate, and middle ear ventilation.

Chinchillas with unilateral tympanostomy tubes in place underwent palate-clefting in an effort to determine the histologic and bacteriologic effects of using tympanostomy tubes in the treatment of otitis media. The tympanostomy tube appeared to almost totally eliminate the occurrence of middle ear effusion but had much less, if any, effect on eliminating the middle ear inflammation which occurs in the clefted chinchilla.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prefrontal sonic treatment: MR findings.

The authors describe the use of MR in a patient who underwent prefrontal sonic treatment for relief of intractable headaches. MR demonstrated well-demarcated regions of encephalomalacia within the white matter of the frontal lobe (with relative sparing of cortex) in a characteristic conical volume that corresponded to the insonified regions.

Aged↗