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Biomedical subjects

C A Bache

Publications and source records attributed to C A Bache.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Toxicologic studies with male sheep grazing on municipal sludge-amended soil.

Growing sheep were grazed for 152 d on grass-legume forage growing on soil that had been amended with municipal sewage sludge from Syracuse, N.Y., at 224 metric tons per hectare. Cadmium was higher, but not significantly (p greater than 0.05), in tissues of sheep fed the sludge-grown forage as compared to controls. No significant differences between the sludge or control treatments were found in weight of the complete or cauda epididymis or in percent progressive motility of cauda epididymal sperm. The sludge-treatment group had significantly larger testes (p less than 0.025) when expressed as a percentage of body weight, and higher blood uric acid values (p less than 0.05). There were no observable changes in tissue ultrastructure of liver, kidney, muscle, or testes as examined by electron microscopy in either of the treatment groups. There were no significant differences for rate of animal weight gain, carcass weight, dressing percentage, or quality or yield grade of the carcases between the treatment groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Toxicologic studies with lambs fed sugar beets grown on municipal sludge-amended soil: lowered relative hemoglobin in red blood cells and mutagens in blood and excreta.

Sugar beets grown on municipal sludge-amended soil were fed to growing lambs for 66 days. The relative hemoglobin content was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) in the lambs fed the sludge-grown sugar beets. The concentration of direct-acting mutagens was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than controls in blood and urine of the lambs fed the sludge-grown beets. Cadmium concentration was higher, but not significantly (P greater than 0.05) in the livers and kidneys of the lambs fed the sludge-grown beets as compared with controls. Significant differences between treatment groups were not observed in active or passive K+ influxes in RBC; in the activity of hepatic microsomal aniline hydroxylase in p-nitroanisole-O-demethylase, aminopyrene-N-demethylase, or arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase; in tissue ultrastructure of kidney, liver, or muscle as examined by electron microscopy; or in carcass weight, dressing percentage, quality, or yield grade.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1982

Toxicologic studies in growing sheep fed silage corn cultured on municipal sludge-amended acid subsoil.

Field corn was grown on subsoil, pH 5.5, that had been amended with 100 dry tons per acre (224 metric tons per hectare) of municipal sewage sludge from Syracuse, New York. The corn plants containing 3.88 ppm dry weight of cadmium were field-chopped and ensiled, and the silage was fed to growing sheep for 225 d. The sheep fed the sludge-grown corn silage showed a significantly (10 higher feed efficiency, (2) higher hepatic microsomal p-nitroanisole O-demethylase activity, and (3) higher concentrations of cadmium in liver and kidney and nickel in kidney as compared to the control animals. No significant treatment effects were observed in mutagenic responses for animal feed or feces samples. No consistent treatment effects were noted during histopathologic examination of sheep tissues.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1982

Cadmium and nickel in smoke of cigarettes prepared from tobacco cultured on municipal sludge-amended soil.

Cigarettes prepared from tobacco grown on municipal sludge-amended soil were smoked, and the mainstream particulates and gaseous fractions were analyzed for total cadmium and nickel content. Sludge-grown and control (soil-grown) tobaccos contained, respectively, 67.4 and 3.18 ppm of cadmium and 19.4 and 1.29 ppm of nickel. The quantities of cadmium (microgram per cigarette) found in the mainstream particulate and gaseous fractions were, respectively, 6.67 and 0.04 for the sludge-grown and 0.21 and 0.03 for the control treatments. The quantities of nickel (microgram per cigarette) found in the mainstream particulates and gaseous fractions were, respectively, 0.11 and 0.07 for the sludge-grown and 0.01 and 0.01 for the control treatments. The potential public health implications of these results and modifying factors are discussed.

Cadmium↗
PubMed1982

Toxicologic studies with swine fed corn grown on municipal sewage sludge-amended soil.

Over a 3-yr period 336 MT/ha of dried sewage sludge, from a municipal waste treatment plant, was applied in liquid form to land subsequently used to grow corn. The sludge contained 115 mg Cd, 4,200 mg Zn and 538 mg Ni/kg dry matter and comprised the solids remaining after treatment of the waste waters of approximately 260 industries as well as domestic users. Corn grain harvested from the plot amended with sewage sludge (SA corn) or corn grown on a plot without sludge addition (control corn) was fed to a total of 56 pigs to determine the effect on growth performance and parameters indicative of toxicity. Each treatment consisted of seven pens of four pigs each with an average initial weight of 17.6 kg. The growth trial was terminated when pigs weighed approximately 90 kg. No differences were observed between treatment groups for average daily gain, feed: gain ratio or daily feed intake. Higher (P less than .01) concentrations of Cd, Ni and Zn were found in SA corn compared with the control corn. This resulted in higher (P less than .01) concentrations of Cd in kidney and liver and Ni in kidney of pigs fed SA corn as compared with pigs fed control corn. No significant differences were observed in Cd or Ni concentrations in muscle or in hepatic microsomal mixed-function oxidase (MFO) activity and liver:body weight ratios, which is indicative of the absence or low levels of organic toxicants in SA corn. In addition, no significant treatment effects were observed when corn, feces and urine samples were evaluated for the presence of mutagenic substances. Histopathologic analysis of various tissues for lesions demonstrated that pigs fed SA corn were not adversely affected.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Elemental content of vegetables and millet grown in potted soil amended with lignite fly ash.

Vegetables and millet were grown to maturity in potted soil amended with 10% (by weight) of lignite fly ash. Analysis of the ash, soil, and crops for 40 elements showed Al, As, B, Mg, Mo, Rb, and Se to be absorbed at higher levels by the ash-grown plants than the controls in most instances. Selenium was of most concern, because of its toxicity and degree of plant uptake.

Carbon↗
PubMed1979

Element and polychlorinated biphenyl deposition and effects in sheep fed cabbage grown on municipal sewage sludge.

Sheep were fed a diet containing 30 per cent (dry weight) cabbage which had been grown on municipal sewage sludge from Syracuse, NY for 77 days. Slight increases were found in the concnetration of nickel in kidney, copper in liver and cadmium in certain animal organs as compared to those in sheep fed a control ration containing cabbage grown on soil. Polychlorinated biphenyls were also found at higher levels in the sludge-grown cabbage and in the livers of the respectively fed sheep as compared to controls. An increase in liver weight, proliferation of hepatic smooth endoplasmic reticulum and various degenerative changes were noted in the livers of the sheep fed the sludge-grown cabbage ration as compared to the controls.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1979

Toxicologic studies with sheep fed colored magazines and newsprint.

Paper containing colored inks from magazines and newspapers was fed as 23% of their ration to sheep for 175 days. A similar ration containing oat hulls in place of the paper was fed to control animals. The paper-fed animals consumed 29% more feed than the controls but the feed efficiency (kg animal weight gained/kg ration consumed) of the two rations was approximately equivalent. Lead contained in the paper accumulated in animal tissues. Hepatic microsomal mixed function oxidase activity was several fold higher in the paper-fed animals than the controls. Histopathologic examination of liver and kidney using light and electron microscopy revealed no lesions attributable to diet.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1978

Accumulation of mercury and selenium in tissues of kittens fed commercial cat food.

Six kittens, three males and three females, were fed exclusively for one hundred days a commercially canned red meat tuna found to contain elevated concentrations of Mercury (Hg) and Selenium (Se). A similarly sized control group was fed for the same period a dry commercial cat food comparatively low in the concentration of these elements. At the end of the feeding trial, concentrations of Hg Se were markedly higher in blood, bone, brain, kidney, liver, muscle and spleen of the kittens fed the tuna diet as compared to the corresponding controls. No behavioral abnormalities or pathological lesions were detected in any of the kittens.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1978

Lead and other elements in tissues of guinea pigs fed crown vetch grown adjacent to a highway.

Forty-four elements were determined in crown vetch sampled along a heavily travelled highway in Virginia. Twenty-four elements including Ba, Br, Cr, Pb, Sn, and Sr were higher in this vegetation than in control vetch. When the highway-grown vetch was fed as 45% (dry weight) of the diet to guinea pigs for 100 days, Ba, Br, Cr, Pb, Sn and Sr were found at higher concentrations in the various animal tissues than in those of guinea pigs similarly fed the control crown vetch.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1976

Selenium in fly ash.

Selenium, at concentrations exceeding 200 parts per million (ppm) (dry weight), has been found in white sweet clover voluntarily growing on beds of fly ash in central New York State. Guinea pigs fed such clover concentrated selenium in their tissues. The contents of the honey stomachs of bees foraging on this seleniferous clover contained negligible selenium. Mature vegetables cultured on 10 percent (by weight) fly ash-amended soil absorbed up to 1 ppm of selenium. Fly ashes from 21 states contained total selenium contents ranging from 1.2 to 16.5 ppm. Cabbage grown on soil containing 10 percent (by weight) of these fly ashes absorbed selenium (up to 3.7 ppm) in direct proportion (correlation coefficient r = .89) to the selenium concentration in the respective fly ash. Water, aquatic weeds, algae, dragonfly nymphs, polliwogs, and tissues of bullheads and muskrats from a fly ash-contaminated pond contained concentrations of selenium markedly elevated over those of controls.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Element and chlorinated hydrocarbon content of commercial pet foods.

An analytical survey has been conducted of 42 elements, p,p'-DDE, dieldrin andpolychlorinated biphenyls in 31 commercial canned pet foods. Neutron activation analysis, graphite furnace atomic absorption, anodic stripping voltammetry, electron affinity gas chromatography and other methods were used. Arsenic, bromine, cadmium, chromium, mercury, selenium and DDE were highest in fish-containing cat foods. Lead was most consistently high in those products containing chicken. Barium, nickel and tin also appeared high in certain of the samples.

Animal Feed↗