Biomedical subjects

Bo Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Bo Zhang.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMed2005

Histochemical characteristics of soleus muscle in angiotensin-converting enzyme gene knockout mice.

We examined the histochemical characteristics of soleus muscle in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene (Ace in mice, ACE in humans) knockout mice. Serial sections of soleus muscle of wild-type (Ace+/+, n=20) and heterozygous mutant (Ace+/-, n=24) mice were stained for myosin adenosine triphosphatase activity to identify different muscle fiber types. Capillaries were visualized by amylase-periodic acid-Schiff staining. ACE activity in the serum and gastrocnemius muscle was higher in male mice than in female mice. Female and male Ace+/- mice had markedly lower ACE activity in the serum and the gastrocnemius muscle than did female and male Ace+/+ mice, respectively. In both male and female mice, the composition of fiber types (type I and IIa) did not differ significantly between Ace+/+ and Ace+/- mice. There was no significant gender difference in capillary density. Ace+/- mice had significantly more capillaries around type IIa fibers (5.44 +/- 0.18 vs. 5.01 +/- 0.13, p<0.05) than Ace+/+ mice. The differences in the number of capillaries around type I fibers and in the number of capillaries around per fiber (capillary:fiber ratio) between Ace+/- and Ace+/+ mice were not significant (p<0.1). There was no significant difference in the mean cross-sectional area occupied by one capillary and the number of capillaries per fiber area between Ace+/+ and Ace+/- mice. In conclusion, knockout of the Ace gene in mice increased capillary density, as expressed by the mean number of capillaries around type IIa fibers. This finding suggests a possible mechanism for the cardioprotective effects of ACE inhibitors.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗

PubMed2005

A comparative crossover study of the effects of fluvastatin and pravastatin (FP-COS) on circulating autoantibodies to oxidized LDL in patients with hypercholesterolemia.

This study compared the effects of fluvastatin and pravastatin on the in vivo oxidation of LDL in a crossover design to evaluate whether or not it is justified to switch between the two statins with regard to serum levels of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins (apo), and circulating autoantibodies to oxidized LDL (OxLDL-Ab). Patients with hypercholesterolemia (n = 46) were randomly assigned into groups who received fluvastatin (20 mg/d) or pravastatin (10 mg/d). After 3 months, they were crossed to receive the other statin for another 3 months. Circulating levels of OxLDL-Ab were measured by an OxLDL IgG ELISA test. Fluvastatin and pravastatin similarly decreased serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, and apo B, and increased HDL(2)-C levels. After crossover to the other statin, these lipid parameters were not further changed by either statin. Before crossover, circulating levels of OxLDL-Ab were decreased in patients with fluvastatin treatment, but not in those with pravastatin treatment. After switching from the other statin, both fluvastatin and pravastatin further decreased OxLDL-Ab levels. In conclusion, fluvastatin at 20 mg/d and pravastatin at 10 mg/d are similar with regard to their efficacy in decreasing TC, LDL-C, and apo B levels and increasing HDL(2)-C levels. Fluvastatin lowered circulating levels of OxLDL-Ab, and these effects continued after switching to pravastatin.

Autoantibodies↗

PubMed2005

[Screening 21-hydroxylase deficiency carriers in androgen excess women of Chinese Han nationality].

OBJECTIVE: To gain a primary understanding of the prevalence of 21-hydroxylase deficiency(21-OHD) heterozygote (carrier) among androgen excess women of Chinese Han nationality, compare the molecular genetic changes therein revealed with the results of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulating test, and assess the carriers' phenotype-genotype correlation. METHODS: Eighty-two androgen excess cases and 14 healthy women underwent ACTH stimulating test during the follicular phase. Molecular genetic analysis of CYP21 for 9 common mutations was performed with the method of amplification-created restriction sites. RESULTS: In androgen excess group, the basal level of F0 (P<0.01), as well as basal 17-OHP0 and the ACTH stimulated concentrations of 17-OHP60 were much higher than controls (P<0.01), and there was no obvious discrepancy in F60 (P>0.05). The net increase of 17-OHP and the ratio of net increase of 17-OHP to net increase of F were also higher than controls (P<0.01). No CYP21 gene mutations were found in control group. Four patients of the androgen excess group were identified as heterozygous carriers of CYP21 mutations. The ACTH stimulating test results from gene normal patients and from carriers overlapped to a certain extent. CONCLUSION: Among 82 patients of Chinese Han nationality androgen excess women, 4.9% were 21-OHD heterozygous. The response of serum 17-OHP is not useful for predicting CYP21 gene mutation carrier status. Genotyping is the most reliable method to detect carrier.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

Combined treatment with statin and angiotensin-receptor blocker after stenting as a useful strategy for prevention of coronary restenosis.

OBJECTIVES: 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor (statin) enhances the inhibitory effects of angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) on vascular neointimal formation in mice. The present case-control study investigated the efficacy of combined treatment with statin and ARB for preventing restenosis in patients with coronary artery disease. METHODS: We examined 210 patients with angina pectoris undergoing elective coronary stenting for de novo lesions of native coronary arteries. All enrolled patients received aspirin and ticlopidine. The subjects included patients who received no statin (control group, n = 137) or started statin treatment (statin group, n = 73) with or without ARB treatment after stenting. RESULTS: The rate of restenosis at 6 months after stent implantation in the statin group (19%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (32%). The restenosis rate in self-expanding Radius stents. (23%) was significantly lower than that in balloon-expandable Velocity stents (42%) independent of statin treatment. Patients treated with statins and ARBs were least likely [odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.30 (0.12-0.74)] to develop coronary restenosis, as assessed by multiple logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that combined treatment with statin and ARB after stenting is a useful strategy for the prevention of coronary restenosis.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Survey surgery delay for age-related cataract by a questionnaire in Qingdao].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reasons why patients suffering hypermature or mature cataract in the urban Qingdao city do not undergo cataract surgery in time. METHODS: 104 inpatients with mature or hypermature age-related cataract were interviewed with a questionnaire concerning medical, economic, social and psychological factors. RESULTS: The factors related with the surgery delay were medical factor 44.3%, economic factor 7.1%, social factor 20.7% and psychological factor 27.9%. In the lists of detailed reasons, 'cataract being not mature' ranked the first (17.1%), 'unaware of cataract' (14.3%) and "still able to see something" (10.0%) were followed. The history of cataract surgery, age, degree of education, the knowledge of cataract and individual income all played some roles in the delay of cataract surgery (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is important to educate people about cataract knowledge and clarify the role of cataract surgery in order to convince patients to have cataract surgery done in time and improve life quality.

Age Factors↗

PubMed2005

[In vitro binding of p53 and telomeric repeat factor 2].

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the regulation of p53 through telomere pathway by investigating the molecular interaction between p53 and the main telomere-associated protein Telomeric Repeat Factor 2 (TRF2) in vitro. METHODS: Four different p53-GST (glutathione S-transferase) fusion proteins and GST were expressed in E. coli and purified through glutathione sepharose 4B beads. The human recombinant p53s included wild type p53 (1-393), N terminus-truncated form p53 2C (95-393), C terminus-truncated form p53 N5 (2-293) and single amino acid mutant p53 R175H (175 arginine to histidine). Purified p53-GST fusion proteins and GST were mixed with cellular protein extracts of human breast cancer cells MCF-7 in vitro by pull down. The molecular interaction between p53 and TRF2 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: SDS-PAGE and Coomassie brilliant blue staining showed that the molecular weights of all purified proteins were as expected, with purities over 90%. Western blot of TRF2 indicated that both wild type p53 and p53 R175H could bind with TRF2 of MCF-7 cells in similar capacity, while GST alone failed to do so. The molecular interaction between p53 2C and TRF2 was enhanced. In contrast, the interaction between p53 N5 and TRF2 was significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS: p53 can interact with TRF2 directly and specifically in vitro, with C terminus of p53 (293-393) being the binding region for their interaction. This C terminus-dependent interaction between p53 and TRF2 may be related to the cellular activities induced by telomere alterations.

Breast Neoplasms↗

PubMed2005

[The design of an anti-rotation reduction internal fixator and its applications in spine fracture surgeries].

This article introduces a new-type anti-rotation reduction internal fixator, which can be applied in various spine fractures and dislocations in order to shorten the operation time, to raise reduction effect, and to reduce the complications such as the loss of reduction, broken nail, broken rod etc. Biomechanical tests and clinical applications have proved that the internal fixator has the features of a short operation time, a definite fixation and few complications.

Bone Nails↗

PubMed2005

[Study of toxicity on male reproductive system of mice induced by SO2 inhalation].

OBJECTIVE: In this paper, toxicity of SO2 on male reproductive system of mice was studied. METHODS: 40 mice were divided to 4 groups (10/group): a group for control, the other 3 groups for SO2 inhalation (28, 56, 112mg/m3), 4h/d, 7d. RESULTS: The activities of GST and G-6-PD, as well as the content of GSH decreased significantly with SO2 increased. The content of MDA increased evidently with SO2 increased. CONCLUSION: SO2 can influence GSH oxidation-deoxidation system and cause DNA damage in male reproductive system of mice.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[Clinical characteristics of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency and long term follow up results].

OBJECTIVE: To improve the diagnosis and the treatment level of 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. METHODS: 24 patients suffering from this disease were diagnosed and treated in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1978 to 2002. All the patients had comprehensive hormone assay and some had bone mineral density detection. RESULTS: 20 patients with complete combined defect in this study had typical clinical presentation of hypertension and hypokalemia and presented both karyotype 46, XX or 46, XY. All had female external genitalia and lacked spontaneous puberty. The circulating concentrations of cortisol and gonadal steroids were reduced and that of gonadotropin was elevated, whereas in the remaining 4 cases with partial combined deficiencies, adrenal corticotropic hormone stimulating test as well as the results of the sex hormone determination suggested that there was partial 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase enzyme activities in their adrenal glands or sexual glands. Long term follow up data showed that in most of the patients, small doses of dexamethasone (0.1 - 0.375 mg per day) could achieve good control of hypertension and correct hypokalemia, but in five patients other drugs were needed for normalization of blood pressure. With sex hormone replacement, the patients could keep adult female appearance, but did not have reproductive function. CONCLUSIONS: In clinical work it is necessary to enhance the recognition of partial combined 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency. Long term regulation treatment can achieve good control of blood pressure and rectify the low blood potassium.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Study on analytic precision of laser microemission spectral analysis in argon atmosphere at reduced pressure].

According to mathematic statistics, data for laser microemission spectroscopic analysis were selected, which were collected with the use of CCD (charge-coupled device) in arg on atmosphere at reduced pressure. By selection, the effects of some factors, such as the difference of bore ablated on the sample surface by the laser, the distribution nonuniformity of element in the sample, and the fluctuation of output energy of the laser, etc. were reduced. The method that improves analytic precision of laser microemission spectroscopic analysis was studied. And quantitative analysis of Cu, Zn and Mg in aluminum alloy standard samples was performed, using the Cu (I) line at 324.7 nm, the Zn (I) line at 334.5 nm, and the Mg (I) line at 383.8 nm. The results show that the RSDs of relative intensity of the spectral lines of Cu, Zn, Mg are 1.80%, 4.35% and 6.29% respectively, and the RSDs of quantitative analysis of them are 10.1%, 6.98% and 8.17% respectively. The relative errors of the average of analysis of them are -3.76%, 3.62% and -1.62% respectively.

Algorithms↗

PubMed2005

[The clinic analysis of complications of varied breast implant].

OBJECTIVE: The study was carried out through summarizing and comparing the percentages of long-term complications of four types breast implants, and analyzing the cause of complications. METHODS: The study reviewed 573 patients with breast implants including textured or smooth silicone gel-filled or saline filled implants which were placed between 1993 and 2002. 427 cases were selected to followed-up in which the surgical technique, the plane of placement and the operator were all the same. Basing on outcomes of following-up, we summarized all kinds of long-term complications and the incidence of every type of implant. RESULTS: There were 803 of 832 prostheses (94.24%) with good results in 427 cases, while 49 prostheses (5.76%) with varied complications in 42 cases. Baker level III or IV contracture occurred in 26 prostheses, reduction of the breast in 24 prostheses, malposition or pain in 10 prostheses. Rupture or leakage were detected in repeated surgery in 24 prostheses. The more severe capsular contracture happened in cases with silicone gel-filled implant than in cases with saline-filled implant. The reduction of the breast due to the rupture or leakage of implants almost occurred in cases with saline-filled implants. The study also implied the complication incidence had the positive correlation with the length of time after implantation. CONCLUSIONS: The data provided by the statistic analysis demonstrated that the distinctly difference of the complication incidence exist only between smooth saline-filled implants and smooth silicone gel-filled implants. But there were no difference among the others. In 30 of 49 prostheses with varied complication of rupture or leakage were detected which could cause the other severe complication. So the quality of implants is the key to decrease the complication incidence, then the degeneration of prostheses after being implanted becomes the urgent and troublesome problem to solve for all of us.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Spindle cell squamous carcinoma of the oral cavity: report of 2 cases].

Two cases with spindle cell squamous carcinoma were reported in this paper. The clinical, histopathologic features, therapy and prognosis were discussed. These tumors probably represented a heterogeneous group of squamous cell carcinoma whose components required either an identifiable squamous cell carcinoma or evidence of epithelial differentiation in the spindle cell. The clinical features were as follow: presents a male predominance among 60 to 70 years and site predilection for the low lip, tongue and gingiva, more aggressive and easy lymphatic metastases. Wide surgical excision, alone or with radical neck dissection was the most successful therapeutic modality. Local recurrence, lymphatic metastases and the depth of tumor invasion into underlying structures were found to be reliable prognostic indicators, the prognosis was dismal.

Carcinoma↗

PubMed2005

Re-activation characteristics of preserved aerobic granular sludge.

In some industrial plants, wastewater was intermittently or seasonally generated. There may be periods during which wastewater treatment facilities have to be set into an idle phase over several weeks. When wastewater was generated again, the activated sludge flocs may have disintegrated. In this experiment, re-activation characteristics of aerobic granular sludge starved for 2 months were investigated. Specific oxygen utilization rate (SOUR) was used as an indicator to evaluate the metabolic activity of the sludge. The results revealed that aerobic granular sludge could be stored up to two months without running the risk of losing the integrity of the granules and metabolic potentials. The apparent color of aerobic granules stored at room temperature gradually turned from brownish-yellowish to gray brown. They appeared brownish-yellowish again 2 weeks after re-activation. The velocity and strength of granules after 2-month idle period could be fully restored about 3 weeks after re-activation. Metabolic activity, however, dropped to 15.8 mg O2/(g MLVSS x h), i.e. 74 % reduction after 2 months of storage. After restarting the reactor, it took 2 weeks that SOUR of up to 48.5 mg O2/(g MLVSS x h) was achieved. A stable effluent COD concentration of less than 150 mg/L was achieved during the re-activation process.

Aerobiosis↗

PubMed2005

[Expression of p21WAF1, p27KIP1 and cyclin E in ameloblastoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of cyclin E mRNA, p21(WAF1) mRNA and p27(KIP1) protein in human ameloblastoma (AB), and to explore the clinical and biological characteristics of AB. METHODS: The expression of cyclin E mRNA, p21(WAF1) mRNA and p27(KIP1) protein in 54 cases of human AB were detected by in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry (SP method). RESULTS: The positive expression rate of cyclin E mRNA in the cytoplasm or cell nucleus of AB was 66.7% (36/54). The expression of cyclin E mRNA increased with AB recurrence and malignant transformation, and the difference of expression among primary AB, recurrent AB, and malignant AB, was statistically significant. The positive expression ratio of cyclin E mRNA in OKC was 50.0% (8/16). The p21(WAF1) mRNA expression in the cytoplasm or cell nucleus of AB decreased, and the positive ratio was 22.6% (12/54) in AB, 37.5% (6/16) in OKC, respectively. The p27(KIP1) protein expression in the cell nucleus of AB was positive in a small number of cases, and the positive rate was 16.7% (9/54) in AB, 6.3% (1/16) in OKC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The genesis and invasion of AB is associated with the cell proliferation and differentiation, and regulated by the higher expression of cyclin E and the lower expression of p21(WAF1) and p27(KIP1).

Adolescent↗

PubMed2005

[Preliminary screening of nocturnal sleep breathing disturbance in patients with ischemic cerebral stroke].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate nocturnal sleep breathing disturbance in patients with ischemic cerebral stroke. METHODS: Forty-one patients with cerebral infarction undertook all-night screening of sleep breathing. The clinical features between cerebral infarction concomitant with mild and severe sleep breathing disturbance were compared, and the effects of different infarcted sites and sizes, the infarction history and symptoms on the breathing disorders were analyzed. RESULTS: The history of cerebral infarction was significantly shorter in patients with AHI greater than 20 (P < 0.01) whose breathing frequencies were also significantly lower (P = 0.043). Breathing disturbance was remarkably severe in patients with brainstem involvement (P = 0.045), with larger infarctions and with abnormalities of ingestion, pharyngeal reflex, speech, tongue thrust, consciousness, and motion coordination. CONCLUSIONS: Newer cerebral infarctions are commonly accompanied with relatively severe breathing disturbance. The occurrence of hypopnea would increase when brainstem is involved, and more severe breathing disturbance is associated with larger infarctions. The functioning abnormalities of tissues surrounding the upper airways resulted from infarctions are considered to be involved in the exacerbation of sleep disturbance.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Expression of a telomerase-associated gene in normal, atrophic, and tumorous testes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the expression of telomerase transcriptional elements-interacting factor (TEIF) in human testis under different status and its relation with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression. METHODS: Specific antisera against TEIF were generated by immunization of rabbits with purified recombinated partial TEIF. Samples were assigned to three groups according to their pathological types, including 16 normal testes, 8 atrophic testes, and 6 testicular seminomas. They were subjected to immunohistochemical staining of TEIF and hTERT. Results from both TEIF and hTERT were analyzed semi-quantitatively and compared. RESULTS: The expressions of TEIF and hTERT were detected in all samples of normal, atrophic testes, and seminomas. No differences of TEIF expressions among these three groups were observed (P > 0.05). On the contrary, the expressions of hTERT were significantly lower in atrophic testes compared with those of normal testes and seminomas (both P < 0.05). Nevertheless, co-expressions of TEIF with hTERT were revealed to be in normal and malignant cases (P < 0.05) but not in atrophic testes, which generally presented TEIF expression. The cellular distributions of both proteins were similar and mainly in spermatocytes and some Sertoli cells, while were all negative in the interstitial cells and other stromal cells. Conclusions The uniform expressions of TEIF in all these specimens suggest that it may be a marker of testis and its related diseases. The strong expression of hTERT in normal testes and testicular seminomas comparing with the low expression in atrophic testes may suggest a role for telomerase in maintaining proliferation of germ cells.

Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport↗

PubMed2005

Anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes in a single-phased anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) with gas-phased absorb of CO2.

The performance of the single-stage anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes was investigated in an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor(ASBR) with gas-phased absorb of CO2. The ASBR was operated at four chemical oxygen demand(COD) loading rates, 2.8, 5.1, 6.2 and 8.4 g/(L x d) respectively. The COD loading rate was increased with the TS concentration and HRT changing. At maximum COD loading rate of 8.4 g/(L x d), the COD, total solid(TS) removal rate and methane gas yield were 69%, 68% and 2.5 L/(L x d) respectively. The operation of the reactor with gas-phased absorb of CO2 was stable in spite of the low pH (2.6-3.9) and high concentration of TS (142 g/L) of input mixture. The output volatile fatty acid(VFA) concentration was between 2.7-4.7 g/L and had no inhibition on the methanogenic microorganism. The reactor without gas-phased absorb of CO2 became acidified when the total COD loading rate was increased to 5.1 g/(L x d). Stoichiometry of the methanogenesis for kitchen wastes showed a considerable amount of alkaline will be required to keep pH in the appropriate range for the methanogenic microorganism based on theoretical calculation. Gas-phased absorb of CO2 effectively reduced the alkaline consumption, hence avoided excessive cation into the reactor.

Bacteria, Anaerobic↗

PubMed2005

[Determination of Eu in long-afterglow of the SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phospher samples by LMESA].

A method for the determination of Eu in Long-aferglow of the SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phospher samples by laser microemission spectral analysis was developed. And the accuracy of this method was studied. Analyses of Eu in Long-aferglow of the SrA1204: Eu2+, Dy3+ phospher samples, using the Eu (11) line at 412.973 nm, show that RSD of relative intensity of spectral lines is 4.3%, RSD of quantitative analysis is 7.4%, the average of quantitative analysis is 2.13%. Compared with the content before samples synthesized, it can be concluded that the content of Eu in the SrAl2O4:Eu2+, Dy3+ phospher samples synthesized by high temperature solid phase reaction has an obvious increase.

Aluminum Oxide↗