Postoperative management of fluid volumes and electrolytes.
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Blood Volume↗
Biomedical subjects
B Zimmermann
Publications and source records attributed to B Zimmermann.
Studies of the mechanism of antidiuretic hormone secretion and the post-commissurotomy dilutional syndrome.
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Animals↗
Endocytosis of integrin alpha 5 beta 1 (fibronectin receptor) of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro: an immunoelectron microscopic study.
Localization and dynamic aspects of fibronectin receptor (alpha 5 beta 1 integrin) were investigated by immunoelectron microscopy on freshly isolated mouse peritoneal macrophages and after cultivation in vitro. This receptor has only been characterized biochemically. Identity of macrophages was proved by binding of the antibody against the F4/80 specific macrophage marker. Demonstration of fibronectin receptor and mouse macrophage marker on the plasma membrane revealed that these glycoproteins were rapidly endocytosed within the first minutes after isolation. Endocytotic uptake of these glycoproteins was demonstrated by double immunolabeling and secondary labeling with gold particles of different size. Label was found in endocytotic and lysosome-like vesicles, but not in coated vesicles. During further cultivation the macrophage marker reappeared again on the plasma membrane after 3 hr, but the fibronectin receptor was not demonstrable. Treatment with cytochalasin B in culture and incubation at 4 degrees C resulted in strongly labeled plasma membrane and inhibition of internalization. In contrast to macrophages, alpha 5 beta 1 integrin was demonstrable on marmoset skin fibroblasts even after 3 days in culture. In this cell type, endocytotic uptake was solely detectable in coated vesicles. These results suggest a high endocytotic activity of macrophages after isolation leading to a rapid disappearance of both glycoproteins, whereby, in contrast to the fibronectin receptor, only the macrophage marker is recycled again. These data indicate a change in plasma membrane (receptor content) after isolation and cultivation of macrophages and cell-specific differences in vitro.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Conditioned blocking in patients with paranoid, non-paranoid psychosis or obsessive compulsive disorder: associations with symptoms, personality and monoamine metabolism.
Conditioned blocking (CB) refers to a delay in learning that a new stimulus, added during learning, has the same consequences as the conditioned stimulus already present. In animals such "learned inattention" depends on monoaminergic and limbic function and, thus, CB performance should be informative on selective information processing impairments found in subgroups of psychotic patients. Attenuated CB in acute schizophrenia has been reported to normalize rapidly. This study examines in young patients the specificity of CB performance to illness, and its associations with symptoms, personality traits and monoaminergic metabolic status. CB was attenuated in psychotic patients with non-paranoid symptoms (NP: n = 12, mean age 17 years) with respect to obsessive-compulsive (OCD: n = 13, mean age 16 years) and healthy subjects (CON, n = 29, mean age 18 years), but only a transient attenuation was observed in paranoid hallucinatory patients (PH: n = 14, mean age 19 years). Outgoing personality traits in CON and OCD subjects correlated with CB. In NP patients attenuated CB was associated with increasing neurotic lability. In PH patients CB correlated positively with "manic" but negatively with psychotic or neurotic scores. The severity of negative symptoms in psychosis and specific negative/positive symptoms in the NP/PH groups was associated with reduced CB. Increased dopamine activity (24-h urine samples) correlated positively with CB, but relative increases of noradrenaline metabolism in NP and serotonin metabolism in OCD patients interfered. In summary, marked psychotic or neurotic traits and some symptom-states were associated with reduced CB. The particular selective processing problems of NP patients may reflect inappropriate NA activity.
Adolescent↗
[Functional disorder of the hypothalamic osmoreceptor as the cause of excessive hypernatremia in a girl with absence epilepsy].
BACKGROUND: Chronic hypernatremia is a rare disorder in childhood and normally results from impairment of the water homeostasis. In some cases, chronic hypernatremia is caused by decreased intake of water based on impaired thirst perception. CASE REPORT: We report a girl with microcephaly, partial agenesis of the corpus callosum, mild midface hypoplasia and absence seizures, who presented with severe hypernatremia (serum sodium concentration 189 mmol/l). Though serum osmolality was increased up to 382 mOsm/kg, the girl showed no signs of thirst. After normalization by intravenous fluid therapy, serum osmolality and serum sodium concentration remained in the normal range with an oral water intake of at least 1500 ml/d. Polyuria was never present, the ability to concentrate urine was preserved. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we speculate that the chronic hypernatremia in our patient is caused by a selective hypothalamic osmoreceptor dysfunction associated with mild dysplasia of the midline structures. Only very few similar cases have been documented in the literature.
Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
Does lack of Cftr gene lead to developmental abnormalities in the lung?
Lung disease is the major cause of death in cystic fibrosis (CF), but the effect of gene mutation on the morphology of the main structural compartments of the lung is poorly understood. We show here, to our knowledge for the first time, a quantitative comparison of the fine pulmonary structures of cftr mutant versus non-cf mice. Pertinent volumes and surface areas were estimated in 10 homozygous cftrm1HGU mutants and 11 non-cf littermates by unbiased stereology at the light microscopic level. Our data did not reveal any statistical differences between group means for any of the 9 parameters considered. In other words, our data do not supply any significant evidence that the lack of the Cftr gene is accompanied by any developmental abnormalities in the lung, at least as far as the parameters studied are concerned.
Age Factors↗