[Gene therapy of peripheral vascular diseases].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
B Zhang
Publications and source records attributed to B Zhang.
[A comparative study of quantification of morphological changes in intracranial and extracranial arteries between cerebral hemorrhage and infarction].
In order to compare the difference and similarity of the pathological changes in intracranial and extracranial arteries between cerebral hemorrhage (CH) and cerebral Infarction (CI), 120 autopsy cases were studied, including 42 cases of the CH, 58 cases of the CI and 20 cases of cancer as control. Medium sized intracranial arteries and their main branches, small sized intracerebral arteries, arterioles and extracranial carotid arteries (from 14 cases only) were examined with light microscopy. The ratio of lumen area to vessel area (LA-VA ratio) and the degree of narrowing of the vessels indicating the severity of arteriosclerosis were determined. Quantitative analysis was carried out with computer. The results were as follows: (1) The CH and CI patients had significantly lower mean LA-VA ratios of the medium intracranial arteries and their main branches, small intracerebral arteries and arterioles than the controls. (2) The CH patients had apparently lower LA-VA ratio of the small intracerebral arteries and arterioles than the CI patients. (3) The CI patients had significantly lower LA-VA ratio of the medium sized intracranial arteries and their main branches than the CH patients. Moreover, atherosclerotic narrowing of these vessels was also much more severe in the CI than in the CH patients. (4) Atherosclerotic narrowing of the extracranial carotid artery in the CI patients was slightly more severe than that in the CH patients. These data suggest that patients with cerebral stroke have frequently atherosclerotic lesions in the medium sized intracranial arteries and their main branches and sclerotic lesions in the small intracerebral arteries and arterioles. The principal lesion of the CH are in the small intracerebral arteries and arterioles, while those of the CI in the medium sized intracranial arteries and their main branches and sometimes in the extracranial carotid arteries.
Aged↗
[Current status and prospects of liver surgery in China].
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
[Anti-human AFP variant McAb in radioimmunodetection for primary hepatocellular carcinoma].
We investigated the affinity and special combination of anti-human AFP variant monoclonal antibody (AFP-R-LCA McAb) for cells of AFP positive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AFP-R-LCA McAb was labeled by 131I radioisotope (131I-AFP-R-LCA McAb injected into the peripheral veins of patients with HCC or liver cirrhosis after hepatitis B. 131I-AFP-R-LCA McAb was gathered in tumor of HCC in 6 AFP positive patients, but there was no positive gathering in HCC in 6 AFP negative or 4 liver cirrhosis patients. AFP-R-LCA McAb has strong affinity and special combination to AFP positive cells of HCC and can be recognized as a carrier for radioimmunodetection and radiommunotherapy.
Adult↗
[Cell-free nuclear assembly induced by nucleoli and demembranated macronuclei from Tetrahymena shanghaiensis].
Nuclei assembled in Xenopus egg extracts from exogenous DNA or chromatin are morphologically similar to normal eukaryotic nuclei except that they do not contain nucleolus-like structure. Previous work show that prenucleolar bodies could be found in these nuclei, but they are unable to fuse with each other, probably due to the absence of a functional nucleolus organizer. It is interesting to know if exogenous functional nuclei could act as functional nucleolus organizer to induce the formation of mature nucleoli. To test this possibility, nucleoli and demembranated macronuclei which contain perinuclear distributed nucleoli were isolated and purified from Tetrahymena shanghaiensis and were introduced into Xenopus cell-free system. By EM observation, we showed that these nucleoli, both individual isolated and perinuclear distributed, could not keep their original morphological characteristic, but undergo a series of structural changes resembling nuclear assembly induced by exogenous chromatin. No nucleolus-like structure was found in these nuclear like structure. These results indicate that functional nucleolus organizers could neither keep their original activity of RNA transcription nor induce the formation of new nucleoli in Xenopus egg extracts.
Animals↗
[Outpatient treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome with CO2 laser: laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty].
To find a safe and convenient method for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, 89 outpatient cases were treated with CO2 laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty. All cases had been diagnosed and observed with polysomnographic monitoring. The result of 89 cases of OSAS was judged as good in 67 cases (75.7%). Only 6 cases had a little bleeding during operation, no other complication has been encountered.
Adult↗
[HPLC analysis of mimic vinegar-processed yuanhuacine].
In this paper, the variation of yuanhuacine samples after vinegar-processing and hydrolysis has been analyzed by HPLC. The result has shown that the content of yuanhuacine decreases hearly 22% after mimic vinegar-processing. Also this procedure has brought a new compound-hydrolytic product of yuanhuacine, whose UV lambda max is 264nm. The research work is to be continued.
Acetic Acid↗
[Confusable species of traditional Chinese drugs in Gansu Province and their quality: (1). A survey of drugs customarily used in Gansu Province].
This paper systematically investigates the confusable species of the traditional Chinese drugs in Gansu Province, and reports the sources, places of production and existing main problems of 58 species presently in production and circulation.
China↗
[HPLC analysis of the influence of processing on the contents of genkwanin in flos Genkwa].
The contents of genkwanin in differently processed samples of Flos Genkwa have been analyzed by HPLC. The result shows that the contents in all these samples are decreased, the least decreased being the one processed with vinegar. The contents of genkwanin in samples of Flos Genkwa from the main habitats of china have also been analyzed by HPLC. Experimental criteria are provided for the quality control of Flos Genkwa.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
[HPLC analysis of mimic vinegar-processing of genkwanin].
In this paper, the variation of genkwanin content before and after mimic vinegar-processing has been analyzed by HPLC. The result has shown that there is no difference between the quantity and quality of genkwanin before and after mimic vinegar-processing. It is clarified that acetic acid is not the main reason for the decrease of genkwanin content in the flower of Daphne genkwa during the process of vinegar-fry.
Acetic Acid↗
Admittance spectroscopy studies of boron delta -doped Si quantum wells.
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Journal Article↗
Human liver mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I: characterization of its cDNA and chromosomal localization and partial analysis of the gene.
Using the cDNA for rat liver mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I; EC 2.3.1.21) as a probe, we isolated its counterpart as three overlapping clones from a human liver cDNA library. Both the nucleotide sequence of the human cDNA and the predicted primary structure of the protein (773 aa) proved to be very similar to those of the rat enzyme (82% and 88% identity, respectively). The CPT I mRNA size was also found to be the same (approximately 4.7 kb) in both species. Screening of a human genomic library with the newly obtained cDNA yielded a positive clone of approximately 6.5 kb which, upon partial analysis, was found to contain at least two complete exons linked by a 2.3-kb intron. Oligonucleotide primers specific to upstream and downstream regions of one of the exon/intron junctions were tested in PCRs with DNA from a panel of somatic cell hybrids, each containing a single human chromosome. The results allowed unambiguous assignment of the human liver CPT I gene to the q (long) arm of chromosome 11. Additional experiments established that liver and fibroblasts express the same isoform of mitochondrial CPT I, legitimizing the use of fibroblast assays in the differential diagnosis of the "muscle" and "hepatic" forms of CPT deficiency. The data provide insights into the structure of a human CPT I isoform and its corresponding gene and establish unequivocally that CPT I and CPT II are distinct gene products. Availability of the human CPT I cDNA should open the way to an understanding of the genetic basis of inherited CPT I deficiency syndromes, how the liver CPT I gene is regulated, and which tissues other than liver express this particular variant of the enzyme.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
High-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A-I deficiency induced by combination therapy with probucol and bezafibrate.
The effects of the administration of slow-release bezafibrate to hypercholesterolaemic patients who were already receiving long-term probucol treatment (mean 865 days, 500-1000 mg.day-1) were investigated. Bezafibrate was administered at either 200 mg.day-1 (13 males, 13 females, mean age 55.2 years) or 400 mg.day-1 (11 males, 14 females, mean age 57.2 years), and blood was taken at 0, 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of combination therapy. Overall, serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TC, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-TG, VLDL-TG, VLDL-phospholipid (PL), lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)], apolipoprotein (apo) C-III, apo E levels and LCAT activity decreased significantly with this combination therapy, while HDL cholesterol (C), HDL3-C, HDL-PL, apo A-I and apo A-II levels significantly increased, as assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Five patients (one receiving 200 mg.day-1, four receiving 400 mg.day-1 bezafibrate) showed drastic reductions in HDL-C (HDL-C levels were reduced by a mean of 46.2%, 59.3% and 61.6% at 3, 6 and 12 months, respectively) after beginning combination therapy. These HDL-C reductions were maintained for the 1 year of combination therapy, but then returned to pre-combination treatment levels 1 month after discontinuation of bezafibrate. Serum probucol concentrations and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mass were assayed at 6 months, and the probucol concentration was higher in the HDL-deficient group (56.2 vs 26.5 micrograms/ml). In contrast, CETP mass was significantly lower in HDL-deficient patients than in non-HDL-deficient patients (2.08 vs 2.87 mg.1-1)(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Adult↗
Plasticity of complex terminals in lamina II in partially deafferented spinal cord: the cat spared root preparation.
Projections to the dorsal horn change in adult mammals in response to complete or partial deafferentation. The number of synaptic terminals remains constant after complete lumbosacral deafferentation, indicating replacement of lost dorsal root terminals by newly formed terminals from spared intrinsic systems. The density of a spared central projection of a dorsal root is increased in dorsal horn after partial deafferentation, consistent with sprouting by the axons in the spared root. In this study, we have used electron microscopy to study morphological changes in a specific class of terminals in the dorsal horn induced by partial deafferentation. Complex terminals (CTs) in the dorsal horn originate exclusively from dorsal roots and are readily distinguished morphologically. The CTs and the postsynaptic densities (PSDs) associated with CTs were measured in lamina II at L5 and L6 in cats subjected to unilateral spared root (L6) dorsal rhizotomies and compared to CTs in the control side. Acutely following partial deafferentation, the number of CT profiles decreased. At more chronic survivals, the number of CT profiles were restored to normal levels, and both the number and the length of PSDs were increased. The changes in CTs and PSDs suggest sprouting and synaptogenesis by the spared dorsal root fibers that produce changes in the postsynaptic neuron. Spared root deafferentation thus elicits compensatory changes in presynaptic terminals of the spared root and also in their postsynaptic target neurons.
Animals↗
Interaction of cis- and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum with metallothionein in vivo.
The properties of platinum (II) complexes to induce the biosynthesis of metallothionein (MT) were investigated in rabbits following injections of K2PtCl4, cis and trans isomers of DDP (diammine-dichloroplatinum). It was demonstrated that cis-DDP has an ability to induce MT specifically in the liver, whereas trans-DDP appears to be unable to stimulate the biosynthesis of MT in either the liver or the kidneys. In contrast, K2PtCl4 is effective to elevate the MT level in both tissues. However, all of these platinum complexes are rather poor stimulators for MT biosynthesis compared to cadmium and zinc compounds. Preinjection with Zn(NO3)2 significantly enhances the amount of Pt associated with the MT fractions compared to that resulting from injections with either cis- or trans-DDP without Zn(NO3)2 pretreatment. Metallothionein containing Pt was purified and identified from the liver and kidneys of rabbits after preinjections with Zn(NO3)2 followed by repeated injections of cis-DDP and trans-DDP, respectively. It was found for the first time that a relatively higher degree of Pt was associated with MT fractions in the case of trans-DDP treatment than that of cis-DDP injection. On this basis, the role of MT was discussed in relation to its involvement in the metabolism of cis-DDP, and the difference of the antitumor activity and toxicity between cis- and trans-DDP.
Animals↗
Platinum binding to metallothionein. Analysis of circular dichroism spectra of complexes formed between metallothionein and platinum from cis- and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum.
The first observation of the circular dichroism (CD) spectral features of platinum-saturated metallothionein, Pt7MT, is presented. It is characterized by two intensive bands with maxima at 235 nm (-) and 255 nm (+). Properties of the reactions of cis- and trans-diamminedichloroplatinum (DDP) with rabbit liver MT have been studied by monitoring the CD spectral changes. The overall rate of the reaction between trans-DDP and MT is determined to be significantly faster than that for cis-DDP and MT. The stepwise incorporation of Pt into Zn7MT resulted in a nonsystemic changes in the CD spectral envelope. These data argue that Pt(II) replaces Zn(II) in ZnMT in a nonspecific, "distributed" manner across both domains, because the onset of clustering was observed after 5 mol equiv of Pt was bound. A dynamic mechanism has been proposed in which the reaction proceeds via the formation of an intermediate, RS-Pt (NH3)2-SR. As it is converted to the product, the ammine ligands are lost very slowly, especially in the case of cis-DDP, because of the strong requirement of Pt for square planar coordination, which comprises the rate-limiting step.
Animals↗
Interactions between distinct types of DNA binding proteins enhance binding to ocs element promoter sequences.
Octopine synthase (ocs) elements are a group of promoter elements that have been exploited by plant pathogens to express genes in plants. ocs elements are components of the promoters of certain plant glutathione S-transferase genes and may function as oxidative stress response elements. Genes for ocs element binding factors (OBFs), which belong to a specific class of highly conserved, plant basic domain-leucine zipper transcription factors, have been isolated and include the Arabidopsis OBF4 and OBF5 genes. To characterize proteins that modulate the activity of the OBF proteins, we screened an Arabidopsis cDNA library with the labeled OBF4 protein and isolated OBP1 (for OBF binding protein). OBP1 contains a 51-amino acid domain that is highly conserved with two plant DNA binding proteins, which we refer to as the MOA domain. OBP1 is also a DNA binding protein and binds to the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter at a site distinct from the ocs element in the 35S promoter. OBP1 specifically increased the binding of the OBF proteins to ocs element sequences, raising the possibility that interactions between these proteins are important for the activity of the 35S promoter.
Amino Acid Oxidoreductases↗
Calcium-dependent plateau potentials in a crab stomatogastric ganglion motor neuron. I. Calcium current and its modulation by serotonin.
1. Using current- and voltage-clamp techniques, we examined the biophysical properties of a voltage-dependent Ca2+ current and its physiological role in plateau potential generation in the dorsal gastric (DG) motor neuron of the stomatogastric ganglion in the crab, Cancer borealis. 2. Stimulation of one of a set of identified serotonergic/cholinergic mechanosensory cells, the gastropyloric receptor (GPR) cells, induced plateau potentials in DG. A brief pressure application of serotonin (5-HT) closely mimicked the effect of the GPR cells. The 5-HT-evoked plateau in DG was not blocked by the sodium channel blocker, tetrodotoxin (TTX), or a combination of TTX with potassium channel blockers, including tetraethylammonium (TEA) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and the Ih blocker, CsCl. The 5-HT-evoked plateau was eliminated by the Ca2+ channel blockers Co2+ and Cd2+, suggesting that Ca2+ entry is essential for plateau potentials in DG. During the plateau, we observed a 30% decrease in input resistance. 3. When sodium and potassium currents were blocked pharmacologically, injection of suprathreshold depolarizing current evoked all-or-none plateau-like responses lasting several seconds, even in the absence of 5-HT. This response was blocked by Ca2+ channel blockers, further supporting a role for Ca2+ in plateau generation. 5-HT significantly prolonged the duration of this plateau. 4. We isolated a voltage-dependent Ca2+ current in voltage-clamped DG neurons. This current was analyzed with the use of either Ca2+ or Ba2+ as the charge carrier after other currents had been maximally blocked with extracellular TTX, TEA, 4-AP, and CsCl and intracellular loading with Cs+ and ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA). The Ca2+ current was detectable at -45 mV, peaked at -15 mV, and was estimated to reverse at +45 mV. Co2+ and Cd2+ effectively blocked the Ca2+ current. 5. The voltage dependence of activation of the Ca2+ current was quantantitively analyzed by fitting the voltage-conductance relation with a third power Boltzmann relation. The maximum conductance (gA), half-activation voltage (VA) for individual gating steps, and the slope steepness (k) were 0.19 +/- 0.02 (SE) microS, -36.5 +/- 2.0 mV, and 4.4 +/- 1.4 mV/e-fold, respectively. 6. 5-HT significantly potentiated the gA by approximately 42% without affecting VA and k. 7. We conclude from our current- and voltage-clamp results that a voltage-dependent Ca2+ current plays an important role in generating plateau potentials in the DG neuron. Enhancement of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ current by 5-HT is one of the mechanisms for 5-HT-evoked plateau potentials.
Animals↗