[Study on small hepatocellular carcinoma: a review of 20 years experience].
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Biomedical subjects
B Yang
Publications and source records attributed to B Yang.
[Expression of the bcl-2 and bax oncoprotein in TCC and its clinical significances].
To investigate the role of bcl-2 (an apoptosis suppressing oncogene) and bax (an apoptosis accelerating oncogene) in the development of TCC. We investigated bcl-2 and bax expression by means of immunohistochemical technique in 34 cases of TCC and in 9 cases of normal bladder tissue. Bcl-2 was positive in 44.44% of normal bladder tissue and in 82.35% of TCC. Bcl-2 staining intensity was significantly stronger in TCC than that in normal bladder tissue. Intensity and positivity of bcl-2 also increased with increasing grades of TCC. Bax was positive in 88.89% of normal bladder tissue and in 52.94% of TCC. Bax staining intensity was significantly weaker in TCC than that in the normal bladder tissue. These results suggested that increased expression of bcl-2 and decreased expression of bax in TCC play an important role in the development of TCC.
Adult↗
[Extra-anatomical bypass for subclavian artery occlusion].
20 patients with subclavian artery occlusion were treated by extra-anatomical bypass from 1989 to 1996. There were 9 men and 11 women, aged from 20 to 63 years with a duration of 1 month to 18 years. The main causes of illness were Takayasu's arteritis and atherosclerosis. Symptoms of upper extremity ischemia were present in 17 patients and vertebrobasilar insufficiency in 11. Carotid-subclavian/axillary bypass and axilloaxillary bypass were performed on 17 and 3 patients respectively. There were no operative deaths. Relief of symptomes was achieved in all the patients except one who had reocclusion of bypass graft due to rather poor outflow vessel. We stressed the surgiacal technique of extra-anatomical bypass in the treatment of subclavian artery occlusion. With few postoperative complications and high patency rate, we consider extra-anatomical bypass a safe, simple, well-tolerated and durable procedure for the treatment of subclavian artery occlusive disease in high-risk patients.
Adult↗
[Estrogen receptor expression and its relationship with biologic feature in hepatocellular carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: For understanding the clinicopathologic significance of estrogen receptor (ER) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ER of the surgical resected species was detected and its relation to biologic feature was analysis. METHODS: ER was detected in 62 HCC species with Dextran coated charcoal method. Some pathologic characteristics were studied with gross and microscopic examination and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was determined with immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibody PC-10. RESULTS: ER positive HCC had higher incidence of single nodule (83.3%) and complete encapsulation (58.3%) compared to ER negative HCC (42.1% and 21.0%). The difference was significant (P < 0.05). In small liver cancer ER positive rate was 62.5% which was higher than 30.4% in large liver cancer (P < 0.05). The PCNA labeled index was (26.2 +/- 18.7)% in ER positive HCC and (43.6 +/- 32.0)% in ER negative HCC. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that ER positive HCC has less malignant biologic behavior and better prognosis than ER negative HCC.
Adult↗
[An experimental study of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 on tumor growth and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: The inhibition effect of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 on tumor growth and metastasis was studied using Lewis lung carcinoma. METHODS: Lewis lung carcinoma cells(2.4 x 10(6)/mouse) were inoculated subcutaneously to 20 mice, they were randomized into 2 groups. From the 2nd day, the treated group was given 40 mg/kg of TNP-470 s.c. q.o.d. (8 times) and the control group was given vehicle only (3% ethanol). On the 22nd day, the weight of the subcutanous tumors and the lung metastasis rates of the 2 groups were detected. The results were analysed by Student-t and chi 2 test. RESULTS: The tumor weight of the control and treated group was 3.77 +/- 1.05 g and 1.98 +/- 0.96 g, respectively (P = 0.0009). The lung metastasis rate of the control and treated group was 80%(8/10) and 30%(3/10), respectively (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 has a strong inhibitory effect both on growth of the primary tumor and metastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma.
Animals↗
[A preliminary report of epikeratophakia for the treatment of Terrien's degeneration].
PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of epikeratophakia for the treatment of severe Terrien's degeneration. METHODS: Four eyes with severe Terrien's corneal degeneration are studied. The lesions were located at the peripheral cornea and the corneal thickness was less then 1/3 of normal. Plano keratoplasty was performed. A lamellar lenticule with a 2 mm scleral rim was grafted on the cornea of which the epithelium had been removed. Keratometry and cycloplegic refraction were performed pre- and post-operatively. RESULTS: Follow-up was between 3 and 13 months (mean, 10 months). All grafts remain clear. The properative mean cylinder was 11.5 diopters and the postoperative mean cylinder was 3.9 diopters. Best corrected visual acuity was improved in 3 eyes. Interface opacification is the main complication, like other forms of epikeratoplasty. Epithelial ingrowth occurred in one eye and the lenticule was replaced. CONCLUSIONS: Epikeratophakia is a simple and effective way for the treatment of severe Terrien's degeneration. This procedure not only increases the corneal thickness, but also hepls the cornea to preserve its transparency, since the Bowman's layer remains intact.
Adult↗
[Exploration of processing principles for fructus Psoralea].
This paper deals with the exploration of processing principles for Fructus Psoralea using GC method with the content of active constituents--psoralen and isopsoralen as the criteria. The result showed that both temperature and enzyme would enhance the content of psoralen and isopsoralen, and the latter was stronger in action than the former.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
Study on small hepatocellular carcinoma and its extension.
This paper summarizes the "study on small hepatocellular carcinoma and its extension" in Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital of Shanghai Medical University during the past 25 years. The results indicated that it was an important approach to obtain long-term HCC survivors, of the 239 patients with 5-year survival, small HCC resection accounted for 51.4%. It was an effective approach to improve the prognosis of HCC in the entire series, the 5-year survival of inpatients treated in authors' institution was 4.8% in 1958-1970, 12.2% in 1971-1983, and 46.7% in 1984-1995; which were correlated to the increase proportion of small HCC resection in the series; it was more effective as compared to large HCC resection, the 5 year survival was 61.3% (n = 645) versus 33.6% (n = 950). Extensions of small HCC study included early detection and treatment of small recurrent HCC, of the 147 patients with re-resection, the 5-year survival was 48.9% calculated from the time of first resection. Another extension was conversion of large HCC into small HCC, using multimodality combination treatment, 72 out of the 663 patients with surgically verified unresectable HCCs have been converted to resectable, 5-year survival being 62.1%, which was comparable to that of small HCC resection. Studies on related basic aspect of small HCC such as cell origin of recurrence, and molecular aspect of small HCC, indicated that biological characteristics, particularly the tumor invasiveness, remained the key link for further prolong survival after small HCC resection. Recently, a "patient-like" human HCC metastatic model in nude mice has been established. Experimental interventions have also been tried. Clinical trials for prevention of recurrence after small HCC resection have shown preliminary encouraging results. However, the "cost-effectiveness" of screening, the invasiveness of HCC, the multicentric origin, the coexisted Child C cirrhosis, etc., remained great challenge.
Animals↗
[The effects of gossypol on rat luteal cells, human decidual cells and cytotrophoblasts].
The direct effects of gossypol on the serum-free primary cultures of rat luteal cells and cytotrophoblasts were observed. The results indicate that: (1) Gossypol affected the viability of the cultured rat luteal cells, LD50: 1.6 (0.4-2.9) micrograms.ml-1. (2) The basal secretions of progesterone were significantly inhibited at low and high concentrations. The activities of 3 beta-HSD, adenyl cyclase and hCG-stimulated progesterone production were inhibited by higher concentrations of gossypol. (3) Gossypol damaged cultured human decidual cells and cytotrophoblasts, the LD50 were 3.5(0.4-6.6) micrograms.ml-1 and 4.1(0.6-7.6) micrograms.ml-1, respectively. These results suggest that the luteolytic effect is the main mechanism of action for the termination of early pregnancy by gossypol, while the direct damaging effects on decidual cells and cytotrophoblasts may also play a role in the termination of early pregnancy.
Animals↗
Differentiation and analysis of the population documents in the early Qing dynasty.
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Asia↗
[The implication of circulating CD34+ Thy-1(+) cells measurement during autologous peripheral blood stem cell mobilization].
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the amount of peripheral blood stem cells(PBSC) right during mobilization and determine the optimal time for PBSC collection. METHODS: A serial measurement of circulating CD34+ Thy-1(+) cells were carried out during PBSC mobilization by chemotherapy and granulocyte colony stimulating factor(G-CSF) using dual-color direct immunofluorescence flow cytometry. Colony-culture in vitro was performed at the same time to evaluate the clonogenic capacity of the peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPCs). RESULTS: Circulating CD34+ Thy-1(+) cells, CD34+ cells and colony-forming cells increased by 48.6-, 50- and 53.1- fold, respectively, after mobilization. The peak levels were reached at 12 approximately 14 days after chemotherapy. The proportion of CD34+ cells and the candidate stem cells, CD34+ Thy-1(+) subset, in mononuclear cells (MNCs) exceeded baseline by 10.5- and 13.8- fold, respectively. The percentage of CD34+ cells coexpressing Thy-1 was highest in the earlist phase of mobilization. CONCLUSION: PBSCs, especially primitive progenitor cells, increased significantly during mobilization with chemotherapy and G-CSF. Flow cytometric assay of circulating CD34 Thy-1(+) cells promptly provides a more reliable indicator for clinical collection of PBSC.
Adult↗
[Relationship between streptomycin susceptibility and rpsL mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains].
The relationship between streptomycin (SM) susceptibility and rpsL mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains was studied. Of 18 clinically isolated SM-resistant M.tuberculosis strains, mutation was suspected in 9 strains (50%) with SM MICs of > or = 256 micrograms/ml by PCR-single strand conformation polymorphism targeting rpsL gene. On the other hand, using PCR-direct sequence method, amino acid substitution caused by single nucleotide point mutation in rpsL gene was demonstrated in 11 out of 18 strains (61%). The same amino acid substitution at codon 43 (Lys-->Arg) was observed in all 11 strains with SM MICs of > or = 256 micrograms/ml. In addition, PCR products obtained from these 11 strains could not be cut by a restriction enzyme, Mbo II, while H37Rv strain and the other 32 strains with SM MICs of < 256 micrograms/ml were cut into 2 fragments. In conclusion, our results suggest that highly SM-resistant M.tuberculosis strains with MICs of > or = 256 micrograms/ml could be rapidly and easily detected by the restriction enzymatic method.
Antibiotics, Antitubercular↗
Three decades' experience in surgery of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
[Medicated stainless steel ring-165, medicated gamma-intrauterine devices and TCu220C: a multicenter comparative study].
OBJECTIVE: A five-year multicenter comparative study was conducted to observe the clinical efficacy, side effects, and menstrual blood loss (MBL) of medicated stainless steel ring 165 (MSSR-165), medicated gamma-Intrauterine devices (gamma-IUD) (both containing indomethacin and copper) and TCu220C for exploring new kinds of IUD to reduce MBL after IUD insertion. METHODS: MSSR-165 and medicated gamma-IUD, with TCu220C as a control, were randomly inserted (one thousand in each group) in women 12 hospitals nation wide in October 1988. Follow-ups were performed at the time of 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after IUD insertion. The efficacy of the IUDs was calculated with life table method. A quantitative comparison of MBL was made before and 3, 6, 12, 24, 36 and 60 months after the IUD insertion in 20 volunteers. RESULTS: At the end of 5 years, the pregnancy rates of MSSR-165, medicated gamma-IUD and TCu220C were 3.2, 2.7 and 3.2. The expulsion rates were 7.7, 2.3 and 2.4, while the removal rates for medical reasons were 5.0, 3.8 and 6.4. The cumulative continuation rates were 79.8, 88.7 and 84.9 per 100 women respectively. The average total bleeding time in the first year of MSSR-165 was 22 days, the shortest one among the three IUDs. The quantitative comparison of MBL showed that the gamma-IUD reduced the MBL and the TCu220C increased the MBL apparently. CONCLUSION: With good clinical efficacy, short menstrual bleeding time, as well as the same appearance and insertion technic as stainless steel ring, the MSSR-165 will be easily accepted at the grass root level. The gamma-IUD had good clinical efficacy and higher continuation rate, whereas the side effect of bleeding was not obvious. Both medicated SSR165 and gamma-IUD could be recommended for promotion.
Adult↗
Study on the hydrolyzate of sugarcane bagasse to ethanol by fermentation.
Study of glucose and xylose utilization by Pichia stipitis in a limited oxygen supply condition revealed that the rate of glucose utilization decreased rapidly while that of xylose decreased slowly until the time that glucose and xylose were shown to level out, at which point the rate of xylose utilization increased rapidly. Based on the results, ethanol fermentation technology in continuous connective tower fermenters was advanced, e.g., fermentation by P. stipitis in an airlift loop tower focusing on xylose utilization and then residue glucose utilization by Saccharomyces cerevisiae in an overflow tower. When the fed hydrolyzate of bagasse was concentrated in five folds and the dilution rate was 0.1 h-1, the total utilization ratio of reducing sugar was 97.2%; the concentration of ethanol was 46.4 g/L.h.
Cellulose↗
[Apoptosis in the early stage of compensatory renal growth following uninephrectomy in the young and old rats].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of apoptosis, one of the major factor to maintain homeostasis of cell number of organs, in the early process of compensatory renal growth, which have been considered to including cellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy, following uninephrectomy. METHOD: DNA fragment gel electrophoresis, tissue sections photolebeling technique and in situ nick translation assay were used to analyze apoptotic cells in the compensatory and normal kidney in the young and old Wistar rats. RESULTS: Apoptosis affected normal kidney of the old group, but not the young. In the old rat's normal kidney, apoptosis index was higher in cortical tubules than that in the medullar tubules. In the compensatory remnant kidney, apoptosis was diminished in old rats, especially in the cortex, but increased in the young rats, especially in the medulla. CONCLUSIONS: Compensatory renal growth includes cellular hypertrophy, hyperplasia and apoptosis. In the old, compensatory renal growth is mainly cellular hypertrophy, and reduction of cell death. In the young, compensatory renal growth is mainly cellular hyperplasia and hypertrophy, increased apoptosis may be responsible for the elimination of excess hyperplastic renal cell.
Adaptation, Physiological↗
[Color Doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis for ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva].
Twenty-five cases with ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsava were detected by color Doppler sonography and twenty-four cases undenwent surgical repair. In twenty-three cases, the sonographic findings of the site of the aneurysm and the chambers into which aneurysm ruptured were coincident with the surgical findings. The accuracy was 95.8%. The size of the aneurysm and the diameter of the ruptured site detected by ultrasound were correlated well with surgical findings. The associated lesions obtained by ultrasound were completely identical with surgical findings. Color Doppler flowing imaging has special value in diagnosing the ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva.
Adolescent↗
cDNA cloning and gene structure of a novel water channel expressed exclusively in human kidney: evidence for a gene cluster of aquaporins at chromosome locus 12q13.
A 1.8-kb cDNA clone (designed hKID, gene symbol AQP2L) with homology to the aquaporins was isolated from a human kidney cDNA library. The longest open reading frame of 846 bp encoded a 282-amino-acid hydrophobic protein that contained the conserved NPA motifs of MIP family members. Cell-free translation produced a nonglycosylated protein migrating at 29 kDa. Amino acid alignment showed the greatest homology of hKID to human MIP (48% identity) and AQP-2 (52%), with lesser homology to human MIWC (AQP-4, 34%), CHIP28 (AQP-1, 38%), and GLIP (AQP-3, 22%). Northern blot analysis revealed a 2.2-kb transcript expressed only in human kidney. PCR/Southern blot analysis of human kidney cDNA using primers flanking the hKID coding sequence revealed expression of a full-length mRNA and short transcripts with partial exon 1 and partial exon 4 deletions. Expression of hKID cRNA in Xenopus oocytes did not increase glycerol or urea permeability, but increased osmotic water permeability from (2.8 +/- 0.5) x 10(-4) to (7.4 +/- 0.7) x 10(-4) cm/s (10 degrees C) in a mercurial-sensitive manner. Sequence comparison of hKID cDNA with a cloned 21-kb genomic DNA indicated three introns (lengths 0.7, 0.25, and 0.4 kb) separating four exons with boundaries at amino acids 121, 174, and 201. The hKID promoter was identified and contained TATA, SP1, E-box, and AP1 and AP2 elements; primer extension revealed hKID transcription initiation 654 bp upstream from the translational initiation site. Genomic Southern blot indicated a single-copy hKID gene. PCR analysis of a human/rodent somatic hybrid panel localized the hKID gene to chromosome 12. Chromosomal fluorescence in situ hybridization mapped the hKID (AQP2L) gene to chromosome locus 12q13, the same location as the AQP. 2 and MIP genes. The high sequence homology, similar genomic structure, and identical chromosomal loci of hKID, MIP, and AQP-2 suggest a MIP family gene cluster at chromosome locus 12q13. Further work is needed to establish the physiological significance of hKID.
Amino Acid Sequence↗