Biomedical subjects

B Yang

Publications and source records attributed to B Yang.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources

PubMed1998

[Treatment of metastatic bone pain with Aredia(Pamidronate)].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of Aredia to relieve pain due to metastatic bone tumor. METHODS: Aredia 60-90 mg in 500 ml 5% glucose or normal saline was given by i.v. infusion. The treatment was repeated at 2-4 week intervals. RESULTS: Complete relief of pain was observed in 9 patients, partial relief in 13 patients. The treatment was of no effect in 3 patients. The therapeutic effect was achieved in 72.7% of the patients within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION: Aredia is a good pain reliever in patients with metastatic cancer of the bone.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[An investigation on the risk factors of elderly falls in the countryside old folks' homes].

A case-control study was conducted among 154 cases of falls aged over 60 years in 18 old folks' homes in the countryside, using 1:1 pair-matching to explore the risk factors for the elderly falls. Data were analysed through Linear Logistic Regression. Results showed that spouseless, poor physical condition, abnormal gait, sufferying chronic situations as hypertension and sequelae of cerebral apoplexy, taking anti-hypertension drugs, abnormalities in taking static dynamic balance and walking tests in the elderly were main risk factors of the elderly falls. The strategies of prevention of the elderly falls were also discussed in the paper.

Accidental Falls↗

PubMed1998

[TGF beta subtypes in hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To detect the expression of three TGF beta isoforms and its clinicopathologic significance in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS: Surgical specimens of 52 patients with small HCC resection during 1992-1995 were used to determine the immunoreactivity of TGF beta protein by ABC immunohistochemistry. These specimens were divided into recurrence group(G1) and recurrence group(G2) according to whether HCC recurred two years after resection. The relations with recurrence of HCC were analyzed. RESULTS: The positive rates in G1 and G2 were 85% (17/20) versus 47% (15/32) for TGF beta 1, 90% (18/20) vs. 78% (25/32) for TGF beta 2, and 45% (9/20) vs. 63% (20/32) for TGF beta 3. Significant difference was found in TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2, but not in TGF beta 3. CONCLUSION: The high immunoreactivity to TGF beta 1 or TGF beta 2 is positively related to the recurrence of HCC.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation in TCC cell lines, EJ and BIU-87].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of ionizing radiation on the living status of TCC cell lines, EJ and BIU-87. METHODS: Different doses of X-ray were used on cell lines, EJ and BIU-87, and the cells were observed microscopically by fluorescent staining(EB and AO). RESULTS: The number of normal living cells declined and apoptotic as well as necrotic cells elevated with increase of radiation doses except for doses equal to or below 100 cGY, Apoptotic and necrotic cells increased as postradiation time delayed. CONCLUSION: The ionizing radiation may induce TCC apoptosis and necrosis.

Apoptosis↗

PubMed1998

[Apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma and apoptotic related genes bcl-2 and bax].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mechanism of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). METHOD: We detected the apoptotic status and the expression of apoptotic related gene bcl-2 and bax protein in 48 cases of RCC with TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry methods. RESULT: 22 cases showed low expression of bcl-2 protein with an average apoptotic index (AI) of 1.35 and 26 cases had high expression of bcl-2 with an AI of 1.04 (P < 0.05). 34 cases showed low expression of bax protein with average AI of 1.03 and 14 cases had high expression of bax protein with an average AI of 1.63 (P < 0.01). The stronger bcl-2 expression, the weaker bax expression and the less number of apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION: both bcl-2 and bax take part in the occurrence and progression of RCC.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Expression and significance of Fas/APO-1 and bcl-2 protein in renal cell carcinoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Fas/APO-1 and bcl-2 in occurrence and progression of renal cell carcinoma. METHOD: Immunohistochemistry method was used to detect the expression of Fas/APO-1 and bcl-2 protein in 35 cases of renal cell carcinoma tissues and 26 cases of normal renal tissues. RESULT: The expression rate of Fas/APO-1 protein in renal cell carcinoma tissues was 57.14%, significantly lower than that in normal renal tissues (84.62%) (P < 0.05), and the intensity of expression was also lower. The expression rate of bcl-2 protein reached 80.00%, much higher than that in normal renal tissues (53.85%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Both Fas/APO-1 and bcl-2 take part in the occurrence and progression of renal cell carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Changes in corneal sensitivity after excimer laser corneal refractive surgeries].

OBJECTIVE: To observe and compare the changes in corneal sensitivity after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for myopia. METHODS: PRK was performed on 387 eyes of 231 patients and LASIK was performed on 796 eyes of 482 patients with myopia. Corneal sensitivity was examined preoperatively and 1 week, 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Corneal sensitivity was reduced at the early postoperative stage of both PRK and LASIK. The eyes after PRK showed greater reduction. Corneal sensitivity returned to the baseline levels at 6 months after PRK and 1 month after LASIK. CONCLUSION: The recovery of corneal sensitivity after PRK is slower than that following LASIK.

Acetylcholinesterase↗

PubMed1998

[Laser in situ keratomileusis for correction of myopia].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) for the correction of myopia. METHODS: A total of 429 eyes with preoperative refraction of -2.00 to -28.00 diopters were treated with LASIK and followed up for more than 12 months. Based on the refraction, the patients were divided into 3 groups: Group I, -2.00, to -8.00 diopters, 179 eyes; Groups II, -8.25 to -15.00 diopters, 137 eyes; Group III, -15.25 to -28.00 diopters, 113 eyes. The examinations included cycloplegic refractions, Goldman tonometry, corneal sensitivity, contrast sensitivity, specular microscopy, pachymetry and corneal topography. The parameters of LASIK were: the thickness of corneal cap was 130 or 160 microns, and the maximum diameter of ablation zone was 6.8 mm. After surgery, fluorometholone was given to the patients topically for 1 or 2 months. RESULTS: The vision and refractions tended to be normal 3 months after operation. The contrast sensitivity returned to normal 3 to 6 months after surgery. The endothelium did not show any changes. At 12 months, respectively 88.8%, 79.6% and 70.8% in the above groups were within +/- 1D, 73.7%, 65.0% and 46.0% were within +/- 0.5D; the uncorrected visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 96.6%, 81.8% and 54.9% of the patients, 84.4%, 58.4% and 15.0% had vision of 1.0 or better. CONCLUSIONS: LASIK is effective and safe for the correction of mild, moderate and high myopia. However, it is more complicated than PRK and more dependent on the surgical skills.

Corneal Topography↗

PubMed1998

[An experimental research of recombinant human epidermal growth factor on corneal wound healing].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) eye drops on corneal wound healing. METHODS: Twenty-four white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups, 6 rabbits 12 eyes each. Anterior keratectomy of 8 mm in diameter and 1/3 cornea in thickness was performed on each eye. Each of the following concentrations of rhEGF: 1, 10, 100 microg/ml eye drops or normal saline (control) was applied four times daily for a week respectively for one group. The wound area was determined by computer imaging analysis. RESULTS: The mean epithelial healing rate of rhEGF 1, 10, 100 microg/ml groups was 9.31, 9.96, 9.31 mm(2)/day respectively, significantly greater than 8.11 mm(2)/day of the control group. The action of rhEGF of 10 microg/ml was somewhat better than that of 1 or 100 microg/ml, and no significant difference was noticed among the three rhEGF groups. Moderate inflammation and corneal neovascularization were induced in the rhEGF 100 microg/ml treated group. CONCLUSION: rhEGF 1 - 10 microg/ml can accelerate corneal wound healing in the rabbit with no adverse side-effects. It may be used to treat serious corneal trauma and ulcer clinically.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Temporary keratoprosthesis for surgery of severe injuries of ocular anterior and posterior segments].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the treatment of severe ocular injuries of anterior and posterior segments with temporary keratoprosthesis used in combined operations. METHODS: With temporary keratoprosthesis a combined operation including pars plana vitrectomy, air-fluid exchange, silicone oil fill in, use of perfluorocarbon liquid, foreign body removal and partial penetrating keratoplasty was performed on 18 eyes of 18 patients with severe ocular injuries, and the postoperative changes and recovery were observed. RESULTS: All eyes were rescued, the visual acuity was increased in 12 eyes, above 0.1 being in 5 eyes, retinal detachment recurred in 3 of 10 eyes, vitreous opacity was present in 1 eye, secondary glaucoma in 1 eye, and atrophy in 1 eye as its preoperative status. CONCLUSION: Temporary keratoprosthesis used in the combined surgeries of anterior and posterior ocular segments is an effective method for treatment of severe ocular injuries.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1998

[Chemical stability of salmon calcitonin (sCT) analogues in aqueous solution].

Calcitonin is a peptide hormone with 32 amino acids. Natural calcitonins are presumably quite unstable in solution and numerous analogues of calcitonin had been synthesized to improve the stability. In the present paper, we report the investigation of the chemical stability of salmon calcitonin (sCT) analogues [Val1, Ala7]sCT, [Val1, Ala7, Ala30]sCT and [D-Ala30]sCT in aqueous solutions by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) methods. The degradation patterns of the sCT analogues showed a marked dependence on pH and temperature. Most of the degradation products in pH 9.0 solution of sCT and its analogues were identified by FAB-MS analysis. Results showed that the sCT analogues are more stable at pH 3.3 and pH 3.7 than at pH 6.0 and pH 9.0. Analogues without disulfide bridge [Val1, Ala7]sCT and [Val1, Ala7, Ala30]sCT showed higher chemical stability than sCT while [D-Ala30]sCT showed lower chemical stability than the native sCT.

Calcitonin↗

PubMed1998

[Problems and solutions in the use of RAPD to the identification of the Chinese drugs "xi-xin" (Herba asari) and its substitutes].

The use of random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD) on the identification of crude drugs has a few special problems, e.g., the influence of the degree of degradation of DNA templates on the amplified products, the reliability of results by one or two primers and the application range of RAPD, etc., so the problems were discussed through researches on Herba Asari. In this experiment, the DNA of twenty-one samples from different locations and collected at different time were extracted. The suitable concentrations of DNA templates and the suitable primers were selected. After this, the DNA of these samples were amplified by RAPD. The results showed that the concentration and the degree of degradation of DNA templates, and the different sources of crude drugs affected the result of RAPD assay. Some suggestions were made to solve these problems, such as the selection of DNA templates concentration, the screening of suitable primers, and the use of contrast groups and cluster analysis. Furthermore, the application range of RAPD to the identification of crude drugs was discussed. All of these will provide the guide to the use of RAPD for the identification of crude drugs.

Asarum↗

PubMed1998

[Accumulation and effluxion of chloroquine in chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei].

AIM: To explore whether the difference in the amount of chloroquine (CQ) accumulated in CQ-resistant (CR) and in CQ-sensitive (CS) P. berghei is involved in the infected erythrocytes (RBC) or in the parasites. METHODS: The concentration of CQ in infected RBC and parasites following ig administration of CQ to CS and CR infected mice was determined by HPLC method (extra standard). RESULTS: 3 h after 4.06 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg administration, the accumulation of CQ in both infected RBC was similar, but in CR was 54.0% and 42.1% less than in CS (P < 0.001) respectively. The CQ accumulation in CS 3 h and 7 h after ig administration of CQ 400 mg/kg was similar (0.780 +/- 0.128 nmol/protein and 0.760 +/- 0.180 nmol/mg protein), while in CR the CQ-accumulation was higher at 7 h than that at 3 h after CQ administration (0.452 +/- 0.079 nmol/mg protein and 0.559 +/- 0.124 nmol/mg protein P < 0.02). CONCLUSION: The low CQ accumulation in CR is attributable to the parasite rather than to the infected RBC, and CR was not found to excrete CQ more rapidly than CS.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Observation on the infectivity of different densities of Plasmodium vivax to Anopheles sinensis].

AIM: To study the infectivity of different densities of P. vivax to An. sinensis. METHODS: Venous blood samples from 38 volunteers artificially infected with P. vivax of South-Yunnan collected at the time of initial parasitaemia, primary attack and relapse, were used to infect Anopheles sinensis by feeding on parasitaemia blood in vitro. The finding of oocysts in the mid-gut of the mosquito by microscope was taken as criteria of positive infection. RESULTS: P. vivax in the initial parasitaemia did not infect the mosquito. In the cases of primary attack, when the density of parasite was more than 100/microliter blood, the infectivity and intensity rose with the prolongation of the course of the disease and the increase in the density of the parasite. The infectivity of the P. vivax in the relapse cases was higher than in the primary attack cases, the mosquitoes could be infected at a parasite density of 1/microliter blood. The mosquitoes acquired a higher infection rate, a higher positive rate of mosquito mid-gut and a higher oocyst index in the primary attack cases whose parasite density were higher than 1,000/microliter blood and in the relapse cases whose parasite density were higher than 100/microliter blood. CONCLUSION: The P. vivax in the period of clinical attack was one of the most dangerous period of the spread of malaria. The cases of relapse were the more dangerous infective sources in malaria transmission.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

[Continuous cultivation of a large number of Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in carbon dioxide incubator].

AIM: To establish a method for continuously cultivating a large number of P. falciparum gametocytes in vitro using carbon dioxide incubator. METHODS: The number of gametocytes produced in experimental and control groups was compared after the addition of various concentrations of NaHCO3 to the culture medium. RESULTS: The gametocytes began to rise on day 5 of cultivation and reached a peak on day 11-13. The peak gametocyte loads were 1.9% +/- 0.6% and 1.3% +/- 0.4% (P < 0.05) in experimental and control group, respectively, indicating that the complete medium with 30 mmol/L sodium bicarbonate was beneficial to gametogenesis. The numbers of stages I-V gametocytes rose to a peak on d5, d7, d11, d13 and d15, respectively. On day 15 the percentage of stage V gametocytes was 7.1%-52.6% with an average of 24.3%. The ratio of macrogametocyte to microgametocyte was 12.8:1. The parasites were able to produce high gametocytaemia up to 24th subculture after thawing. Laboratory reared Anopheles stephensi fed through membrane on blood infected with P. falciparum were dissected, no oocyst was found in the midgut. CONCLUSION: A culture system which could consistently and stably produce a large number of gametocytes of P. falciparum was established.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Isolation and identification of triterpenoide compound from Patrinia scabiosaefolia].

In this paper, a triterpenoide was isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Patrinia scabiosaefolia Fish ex Link. Its structure was identified by combination of chemical reactions and spectrum analysis as 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-hederagenin ester. The compound was found in the Patrinia for the first time.

Chromatography, Thin Layer↗

PubMed1997

Cellular determinants of the lateral mobility of neural cell adhesion molecules.

The lateral mobility of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was examined using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP). Various isoforms of human NCAM, differing in their ectodomain, their membrane anchorage mode or in the size of their cytoplasmic domain, were expressed in NIH 3T3 cells and C2C12 muscle cells. When the various isoforms were compared in 3T3 cells, FRAP studies showed both GPI-anchored and transmembrane isoforms diffused rapidly and only small differences in either the diffusion coefficients (D) or the mobile fractions (mf) were measured, suggesting the importance of the ectodomain in regulating lateral diffusion. However, the mobility of all NCAM isoforms was greatly reduced in regions of cell-cell contact, presumably due to homophilic trans interactions between NCAMs on adjacent cells. NCAM isoforms transfected into C2C12 cells which express NCAM naturally usually displayed a significantly lower D compared to the same isoforms transfected into 3T3 cells. Thus, NCAM lateral mobility is modulated in regions where cells interact and by the structure of the host cell membrane.

3T3 Cells↗

PubMed1997

Cloning of a novel water and urea-permeable aquaporin from mouse expressed strongly in colon, placenta, liver, and heart.

An aquaporin-type water channel was isolated from mouse based on homology to known aquaporins. A 1447 bp cDNA was sequenced (designated AQP8) with a 783 bp open reading frame encoding a 261 amino acid hydrophobic protein which contained the conserved NPA motifs of MIP family members. Amino acid alignment showed greatest homology of AQP8 to plant water channel gamma TIP (38% identity) followed by mammalian water channels AQP4 (32%) and AQP2 (31%). Northern blot analysis indicated a 1.7 kb transcript expressed strongly in placenta > colon > liver approximately heart. RT-PCR with AQP8-specific primers and Southern blot analysis showed AQP8 transcript in the above tissues and in pancreas, lung, kidney, submandibular gland, diaphragm, testis, spleen, stomach and brain. Expression of AQP8 cRNA in Xenopus oocytes increased osmotic water permeability from (0.8 +/- 0.1) x 10(-3) cm/s to (22 +/- 3) x 10(-3) cm/s (10 degrees C) in a mercurial-sensitive manner. AQP8 was also permeable to urea but not to glycerol. Normalization for oocyte plasma membrane expression using cMyc-tagged AQP8 indicated a single channel water permeability of 8.2 x 10(-14) cm3/s. AQP8 is unique among the water channels in terms of its urea permeability and its strong expression in gastrointestinal organs, placenta and heart.

Amino Acid Sequence↗