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Biomedical subjects

B Weeke

Publications and source records attributed to B Weeke.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Is is possible to predict the clinical effect of hyposensitization?

Sera from 73 grass pollen allergic patients in two double blind studies on hyposensitization were investigated for IgE response towards one major timothy allergen-antigen 19 (Ag 19) by means of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis (CRIE). The clinical efficacy of hyposensitization after initial preseasonal treatment was positively correlated with increase in specific IgE binding to Ag 19. It was possible to predict the clinical efficacy by comparing CRIE performed on sera before and after 3 months of treatment.

Allergens↗
PubMed1982

Dose frequency in the treatment of asthmatics with inhaled topical steroid.

Twenty-nine patients treated with beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) because of asthma were tapered off BDP stepwise at 3 weeks intervals in a single blind manner. Every day the patients recorded morning and evening peak expiratory flow, symptom scores for night and day and their consumption of medicine. Evening peak flow was the most sensitive variable to detect a deterioration in the asthmatic condition. In 7 patients no significant change in asthma symptoms occurred. The remaining 22 patients then participated in a randomized double-blind trial comparing their daily dose of BDP given as 4 divided doses or as 2 doses. No significant difference was found between these two regimens.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

The effect of budesonide on nasal allergen challenge in patients with seasonal rhinitis and on nasal peak flow in healthy volunteers.

The influence on nasal allergen challenge of three different doses of budesonide and placebo administered three hours before or twice daily for one week before challenge was investigated out of season in twelve patients suffering from allergic rhinitis due to grass or brich pollen. Budesonide and placebo administered three hours before challenge significantly reduced the fall in nasal peak flow, sneezes and secretion. After one week's treatment only budesonide caused further significant decrease in sneezes and secretion and a significant increase in nasal peak flow before and after challenge. No dose-response relation was found. In twelve healthy subjects one week's treatment with budesonide significantly increased nasal peak flow compared to placebo.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A double-blind controlled trial of elemental diet in severe, perennial asthma.

In a double-blind controlled trial 41 hospitalized adults with severe, perennial asthma of unknown aetiology were allocated to either an antigen-free elemental diet (Vivasorb) or control diet, i.e. blended ordinary hospital food, for 2 weeks. At the time of entry into the trial all patients were in an active but stable phase of the disease. Medical treatment was given throughout the study as clinically indicated. Peak expiratory flow was measured hourly during the daytime and patients noted their symptoms daily on an assessment form. Validation of variables according to a scoring system indicated that the elemental diet resulted in an improvement of the patients asthma (p less than 0.05). It is concluded that elemental diet may serve as a diagnostic tool for disclosing alimentary intolerance in patients with perennial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A double-antibody assay for grass pollen-specific IgG in human serum.

A double-antibody radioimmunoassay for measurement of grass pollen antigen-specific IgG in serum is described. Grass pollen antigens were used to show a correlation between the results obtained by this method and those obtained by measuring blocking antibodies by inhibition of antigen-induced leukocyte histamine release. The new technique described is convenient, sensitive, specific and reproducible and can be recommended for clinical use.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Terbutaline depot tablets in asthma. A clinical evaluation.

A sustained release preparation of terbutaline sulphate has been formulated (Bricanyl depot tablets) in order to extend the duration and accordingly change the dosage regimen to twice a day. This presentation gives a summary of a clinical trial performed in order to study effect and side effects of terbutaline depot tablets 7.5 mg twice a day compared to terbutaline tablets 5 mg three times a day. Patients suffering from perennial asthma and with daily requirement of asthma medicine were accepted for the study. The trial was a double-blind cross-over, double dummy and randomized. The tablets were given in two consecutive periods of 7 day's duration each. The effect of terbutaline depot tablets was equal to the effect of the ordinary terbutaline tablets. The indication for using depot tablets in the basic treatment of bronchial asthma is a better patient compliance due to medication twice a day. Furthermore in patients with unstable bronchial asthma and in patients with morning dips in PEF the more stable plasma concentration may perhaps keep the patients in a more steady state.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Estimation of affinity and quantity of human antigen-specific serum IgG (blocking antibodies).

An assay for estimation of quantity and quality of antigen-specific IgG against two purified antigens from cow hair and dander is described. The substance concentration of antigen-specific IgG was more than 10 times higher in serum from immunized patients than in serum from non-immunized patients. Almost the same KA values of 5 x 10(9) l/mol were calculated for IgG in sera from immunized and non-immunized patients with allergic asthma to cow hair and dander.

Allergens↗
PubMed1981

Theophylline concentrations in serum and saliva after oral microcrystalline and sustained-release preparations in asthmatics.

Theophylline concentrations in saliva have been compared with those in serum in 13 asthmatic patients after single and multiple oral dosage of a microcrystalline theophylline tablet (Nuelin) and a sustained-release preparation (Nuelin Retard). There was wide individual variation in the ratio of serum to saliva concentrations indicating that, even when individual serum to saliva ratios have been established, the use of saliva theophylline measurements alone is unreliable for the routine monitoring of theophylline therapy. Both preparations produced mean serum theophylline concentrations within the 10--20 mcg/ml range, the sustained-release tablet giving higher monitoring through values and smaller through to peak variation. The preparations were equally and highly bioavailable. Side effects were reported by three patients, which were the patients with the highest AUC. The Nuelin Retard preparation appears to provide smooth, sustained serum theophylline concentrations within the therapeutic range and the simple, twice-daily dosage should result in improved patient compliance.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

Maximal oxygen consumption rate in patients with bronchial asthma-the effect of beta 2-adrenoreceptor stimulation.

Five young male patients with exercise-induced asthma (EIA) were subjected to graded bicycle exercise with work loads corresponding to 50%, 75% and 120% of the load necessary to elicit maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2 max). The exercise tests were performed after inhalation of salbutamol (Ventoline) as well as after inhalation of saline as control. Additionally two maximal work tests (bicycling and treadmill) were performed without inhalation on a work load corresponding to 100% Vo2 max. Oxygen uptake (Vo2) heart rate (HR), mean blood pressure (MBP), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) as well as arterial concentration of glucose and acid-base variables were measured. Vo2 max during bicycle exercise averaged 3.16 l/min and no significant difference was disclosed between the beta 2-stimulation and the control situations. The coefficient of variation of a single Vo2 max measurement was 4.7%. The maximal treadmill running revealed a significantly higher Vo2 max (3.42 l/min, P less than 0.05) than during bicycling; no EIA was provoked in any of the experiments. After beta 2-stimulation a higher HR and MBP in relation to Vo2 was observed than in the control experiment; however, the slope of HR/Vo2 and MBP/Vo2 relationships was not affected. Normal relationships were observed between Vo2 and work load, ventilation, RPE and acid-base data and these relations were unaffected of beta 2-stimulation. It is concluded, that Vo2 max seems to be within the normal range in asthmatics, provided they are free from attacks.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1979

Analysis of antigens in a commercial house-dust extract by means of quantitative immunoelectrophoresis.

Crossed immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) of a commercial house-dust extract revealed 43 immunoprecipitates. Rocket immunoelectrophoresis with 106 different allergen extracts from animal hair and dander, feathers, fungi, pollen, foodstuffs, textiles and house-dust mites showed the presence of precipitating antibodies in the rabbit anti-house-dust serum against antigens from 34 of the extracts. Crossed immunoelectrophoresis with the addition of antigen, and crossed line immunoelectrophoresis (CLIE) with these 34 allergen extracts, as well as crossed immunoelectrophoresis with intermediate gel containing rabbit antibodies against nine human serum proteins, allowed the identification of 14 antigens in the house-dust extract. These antigens were shown to originate from house-dust mites, hair and dander from various animals, fungi, feathers, human hair and dander, and human serum proteins.

Allergens↗
PubMed1979

Specific diagnosis of exogenous bronchial asthma in adults. Comparison between case history, intracutaneous test, RAST, histamine release from basophil leucocytes, and bronchial provocation.

Twenty-two adults with extrinsic bronchial asthma were examined with 26 different allergens from five groups: house dust + mite (30 BP), animal dandruff (30 BP), pollen (12 BP), mould fungi (11 BP), and feather + cotton (10 BP). The same allergen batch was used for each allergen extract in all analyses. Based on the results of the single analyses: case history (CH), intracutaneous test (ST), RAST, histamine release from basophil leucocytes (HR), and the results of the analysis combinations and the "true diagnosis" bronchial provocation (BP), the sensitivity and specificity (SE and SP) were calculated and shown graphically. An evaluation of the diagnostic reliability of the single analyses and analysis combination was then possible. Generally, HR was the best individual analysis with very few false positive values and false negative values, followed by RAST, ST, and CH. None of them was able to predict allergy for feather + cotton. Otherwise, BP was positive when HR and rast reached scores 2 and 3 with the exception of RAST for animal dandruff. As regards ST, we had to reach score 3 in order to predict positive BP. CH would only provide the diagnosis with a maximum score in the pollen group. BP was positive in any analysis combination resulting in score 6 or more. ST appeared to be the most sensitive of the individual analyses. All the patients with ST score 0 showed negative BP for all allergen groups, whereas a corresponding sensitivity for HR score 0 was only achieved with animal dandruff, and for RAST score 0 for pollen only. In spite of the new analyses, BP is in many cases necessary if a definite diagnosis is required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Influence of small atmospheric ions on the airways in patients with bronchial asthma.

The influence of artificially generated atmospheric ions is studied in 15 patients with bronchial asthma. A slight but significant (at 5% level) improvement in the lung function was demonstrated in nine patients during positive as well as negative ion exposure, but the patients' subjective votings of the air quality did not show any changes due to ion exposure. No change in the histamine threshold of the airways in six patients with bronchial asthma was demonstrated during exposure to ions. Further controlled studies with electro-aerosols are needed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

A new lancet for skin prick testing.

A new lancet with a point length of 1.0 mm suitable for skin prick testing is described. The weal reactions appearing after the use of histamine chloride 1 mg/ml and an extract of Phleum pratense in a 1 HEP concentration (1 histamine equivalent prick) prove suitable as regards size and reproducibility compared with the reactions produced by a more conventional prick test method. The new lancet simplifies the prick test procedure and does not require as much experience as do needles and longer lancets.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

3H-histamine release from human leukocytes. A new method for detecting type I allergy compared with basophil histamine release technique.

A rapid, simple, and inexpensive method for large scale screening of patients suspected of type I allergy has been developed. The method is based on in vitro incorporation of 3H-histamine in the leukocytes of the patient, whereafter release of labelled histamine is measured after provocation of the cells with the suspected allergen. The new method was compared with the conventional basophil histamine release technique by in vitro provocation of six asthmatic patients under suspicion of type I allergy against animal dander, house dust, and mite, and an almost identical release of histamine was observed in both assays.

Allergens↗