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Biomedical subjects

B W Richards

Publications and source records attributed to B W Richards.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Causes and prognosis in 4,278 cases of paralysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens cranial nerves.

We collected data from a large series of patients with ocular palsies and compared them with data in previous series from the Mayo Clinic. The largest group of patients among 4,278 cases was that in which the cause was undetermined for a long period of follow-up. The abducens nerve was most commonly affected. The probability of establishing a diagnosis was higher in patients younger than 50 years and among those with associated neurologic findings or multiple ocular palsies. The prognosis for recovery was best in the vascular group but was better than 50% for all groups except those with tumors. Investigation may be tailored to each patient according to clinical findings and probabilities of finding a cause, and judicious clinical judgement should be exercised.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1991

Autosomal dominant crystalline dystrophy.

A black woman was identified with a tapetoretinal degeneration with sparkling intraretinal crystals, retinal pigment epithelial and choroidal atrophy, night blindness, color vision abnormalities, and paracentral scotomas. This constellation of findings is most consistent with the diagnosis of Bietti's crystalline dystrophy. Eight other family members were identified with intraretinal crystals similar to those seen in the proband but in varying degrees of progression. Transmission electron microscopy of circulating lymphocytes in several patients demonstrated crystals and granular osmophilic material of unknown composition contained within abnormal lysosomes. These crystals are similar in appearance and location to those seen in cholesterol ester storage disease. This family demonstrates an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, as well as other differences from classic Bietti's crystalline dystrophy. The authors, therefore, suggest that this new entity be named autosomal dominant crystalline dystrophy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Complications of positioning holes in posterior chamber intraocular lenses.

We report our experience with five patients in whom the positioning holes of posterior chamber lenses appeared to cause various complications. The complications included iris chafing with resultant hyphema and pigment loss, iris adhesion to a positioning hole, fibrotic ingrowth into a positioning hole, and fine white deposits of unknown etiology on the lens surface. The possible causes and significance of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The effects of nonfixated lower lens haptics of Binkhorst lenses on corneal endothelial cell density.

At specified intervals up to 56 months postoperatively, we took central corneal endothelial cell measurements of 52 patients who had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) with placement of a Heyer-Schulte IC-10 iridocapsular intraocular lens. We then compared the endothelial cell density of patients in whom the lower lens haptic was fixated within the capsule with those in whom it was nonfixated. We found that nonfixation of the lower lens haptic, which in essence converts the irido-capsular lens to an iris-supported lens, does not cause continuing endothelial cell loss.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Creep and flexibility measurements on plastic frames for tissue heart valves.

Measurements on plastic flexible frames for heart valves have shown that the design influences the creep potential of any one plastic material. This has been shown for both in vitro accelerated fatigue tests and after clinical implantation of more than 10 years. The flexibility of the plastic, a polypropylene, was not affected either by fatigue testing, shelf storage or clinical implantation. The possibility of 30 years freedom from creep for a flexible plastic frame for a tissue heart valve has been examined.

Heart Valve Prosthesis↗
PubMed1980

Age and mortality trends in residents of an institution for the mentally handicapped.

Ten years' statistics of age and mortality trends in a large institution are reported. It is shown that the residents are still an ageing population and that the higher mortality of the mentally handicapped is largely due to deaths from respiratory causes, as previously reported. Down syndrome is separately analysed and shows a sharp rise in mortality at a considerably earlier age than other mentally handicapped residents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Blood pressure in Down's syndrome.

Systolic and diastolic blood pressures of a large sample of subjects with Down's syndrome have been compared with those of institutional controls and of the normal population. Subjects with Down's syndrome have the lowest pressures at all ages and institutional controls tend to fall between the two. The rise of blood pressure with age is slight in the two institutional groups and the reported sex difference in the normal population was not observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

XO/XY mosaicism and non-fluorescing Y chromosome in a male.

An adult male of short stature and with underdeveloped external genitalia is described, who carried out a number of sexual assaults on young women. He proved to have XO/XY mosaicism and a non-fluorescing Y chromosome. It was considered to be a terminal deletion on morphological grounds. It is suggested, on the evidence of the small number of XO/XY mosaics examined by appropriate staining methods, that an abnormal Y chromosome, whether terminally deleted or non-fluorescing owing to an altered chemical state, predisposes to anaphase lagging and non-disjunction. Of eleven reported cases of XO/XY mosaicism with a non-fluorescing Y chromosome, this is the fifth of male phenotype. The severe behaviour disturbance of early onset is considered to be probably causally associated with the chromosome anomaly.

Chromosome Deletion↗
PubMed1975

Observation on the familial appearance of diseases associated with metabolic disorders of the mother.

The familial appearnace of diseases in which a metabolic disorder of the mother causes foetal damage is examined and illustrated with typical pedigrees. The expected frequencies with which relatives of the probands are at risk are tabulated, and the effect of reduced maternal fertility is discussed. The familial appearance of disease is compared with that produced by maternal--foetal antigenic imcompatibility.

Female↗