Biomedical subjects

B W Parry

Publications and source records attributed to B W Parry.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1983

Assessment of the necessity for surgical intervention in cases of equine colic: a retrospective study.

The present study retrospectively examined clinical and clinicopathological findings in horses with colic to determine which variables distinguished between medically treatable cases and cases which required surgical intervention. Heart rate, haematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, blood erythrocyte count, frequency of borborygmi and degree of mental depression showed the greatest differences (P less than 0.001) between medical and surgical groups. However, some variables which primarily evaluated cardiovascular function, ie, blood pressure, oral mucosal capillary refill time and blood lactate concentration, were not significantly different between medical and surgical groups. When several of the following findings are observed together surgery is suggested: moderate to marked colic signs; tacky to dry oral mucosa which is discoloured (especially when brick-red or blue); decreased to absent borborygmi, probably associated with absence of rectal faeces; nasograstric intubation producing refluent fluid; leucocytosis with a left-shift; and tachypnoea, tachycardia, elevated haematocrit, hyperglycaemia and uraemia.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Prognosis in equine colic: a study of individual variables used in case assessment.

The individual merit of the use of 43 variables to assess the prognosis of equine colic cases was examined. The following variables revealed highly significant (P less than 0.001) differences between cases which survived and those which died: blood pressure; heart rate; oral mucosal capillary refill time; degree of mental depression; venous haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, erythrocyte count, urea concentration and lactate concentration; peritoneal fluid lactate concentration; and haematocrit/plasma protein and serum protein concentration ratios. Thus, in general, variables which assessed cardiovascular function were good prognostic guides.

Animals↗

PubMed1983

Survey of 79 referral colic cases.

The clinical, surgical and/or necropsy diagnosis of 79 horses admitted to a referral clinic for evaluation of colic are reported. Twenty-one horses were presented with conditions amenable to medical treatment and all were subsequently discharged. Exploratory laparotomies were performed on 44 horses during the present study, in some cases as a diagnostic procedure preceding euthanasia. In general, in surgical cases the mortality rate was highest for problems involving the small intestine, followed by those affecting the large colon and then the small colon. Postoperative sequelae included peritonitis, infarction, visceral rupture and acute circulatory failure. Colitis, visceral rupture and thromboembolic infarction generally had a fatal result. The overall recovery rate (for 79 horses) was about 50 per cent.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Ventricular septal defects in three familially-related female Saanen goats.

Ventricular septal defects were diagnosed in 3 familially-related Saanen goats, a 4-year-old doe and 2 female kids aged 18 weeks, by clinical examination, electrocardiography, phonocardiography and thoracic radiography. Findings were contrasted with those from 3 clinically normal goats. Cardiac catheterisation was attempted on the 2 affected kids before euthanasia. Blood pressure tracings and selective contrast cardioangiography successfully demonstrated the defect in one case, but the other died shortly after anaesthetic induction. The adult goat, suspected paternal grand-dam of the affected twins, died without premonitory signs at 4.5 years of age. Necropsy confirmed the diagnosis in all 3 cases.

Animals↗

PubMed1982

Hypotension in the horse induced by acepromazine maleate.

The hypotensive effect of acepromazine maleate was related to both the dose and route of administration. The degree and duration of hypotension varied between individual horses. In general, intravenous administration produced a more rapid maximum effect than intramuscular injection and the larger the dose the longer blood pressure remained at low levels. Average systolic pressure (of 6 horses) remained significantly below control values for more than 6 h after an intramuscular injection of 0.05 mg acepromazine maleate/kg body weight. Respiratory rate was markedly decreased, with the duration, but not the degree of bradypnoea related to the dose administered. A slight, transient decrease in body temperature was observed. Heart rate was not significantly influenced by administration of acepromazine maleate.

Acepromazine↗

PubMed1982

Correct occlusive bladder width for indirect blood pressure measurement in horses.

The influence of occlusive bladder width on blood pressure, measured indirectly using a doppler ultrasound technique at the middle coccygeal artery, was studied in 6 anesthetized horses. The relationship was investigated on tails with and without hair, and the optimum bladder width (BW)/tail girth (TG) ratio was determined for systolic pressure (SP) and diastolic pressure (DP), with the data grouped as unclipped tails (TT-1), clipped tails (TT-2), and both unclipped and clipped tails collectively (TTB). The optimum BW/TG ratios for SP and DP were 0.296 and 0.866 for TT-1, 0.376 and 1.156 for TT-2, and 0.339 and 0.983 for TTB, respectively. Despite the differences in optimal BW/TG ratios between TT-1 and TT-2, their regression equations were not significantly (P less than 0.05) different and therefore, data could be considered as TTB. The regression equations for TTB showed that a BW/TG ratio of 0.482 underestimated SP and overestimated DP by approximately 8.8%. In mature Thoroughbreds (mean TG 21.5 cm), this value corresponded to a BW of 10.4 cm. Blood pressure measured directly in the greater metatarsal artery was significantly different from that measured directly in the middle coccygeal artery in individual horses, but when averaged over all horses, there was no significant difference between the 2 sites.

Animals↗

PubMed1980

Influence of head height on arterial blood pressure in standing horses.

Eighteen horses were used to investigate the influence of head position on arterial blood pressure, measured indirectly at the coccygeal artery. Head height significantly altered systolic pressure, diastolic pressure, pulse pressure, and mean arterial pressure, such that head-lowering decreased and head-raising increased all variables.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in factor VIII activity and von Willebrand factor antigen concentration with age in dogs.

The factor VIII activity of 38 German shepherd puppies, 6-12 weeks old, submitted for diagnosis of haemophilia A was measured. Eight of these puppies had values higher than would be expected for haemophiliacs, but less than the reference range for adult dogs. A further sequential study of 21 puppies (6-26 weeks of age) indicated that the factor VIII activity of puppies is generally less than that of adult dogs until about 14 weeks of age. Changes in the concentration of von Willebrand factor antigen in the puppies were irregular. These variations are probably not sufficient to interfere with accurate diagnosis of haemophilia A in most affected young dogs, but may interfere with the detection of heterozygotes in young bitches.

Aging↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pharmacokinetics of von Willebrand factor and factor VIII in canine von Willebrand disease and haemophilia A.

The pharmacokinetics of von Willebrand factor antigen (vWf:Ag) and factor VIII coagulant (FVIII:C) activity in dogs with von Willebrand Disease (vWD) and haemophilia A, respectively, were assessed after the administration of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitate. Loading doses necessary to attain target plasma concentrations of each factor were estimated to be 63 U kg-1 BW for FFP and 13 U kg-1 BW for cryoprecipitate to reach 35 U dl-1 vWf:Ag in vWD and 23 U kg-1 BW for FFP and 4 U kg-1 BW for cryoprecipitate to reach 30 U dl-1 FVIII:C in haemophilia A. The estimated volumes of FFP required to attain these target concentrations (49 ml kg-1 BW for vWD and 20 ml kg-1 BW for haemophilia A) are approximately 10-fold higher than the volumes of cryoprecipitate required (4 ml kg-1 BW for vWD and 2 ml kg-1 BW for haemophilia A). This indicates that cryoprecipitate is a more efficient and practical means of treating or preventing haemorrhage in these two haemostatic disorders.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Changes in factor VIII: coagulant activity and von Willebrand factor antigen concentration after subcutaneous injection of desmopressin in dogs with mild hemophilia A.

Four German Shepherd dogs with mild hemophilia A were given Desmopressin (Minirin intranasal solution, Ferring, Malmo, Sweden) subcutaneously at a range of doses in a controlled blind study. No substantial change in plasma FVIII activity was observed 0.5, 1, 2, 4, or 6 hours after administration of Desmopressin. Plasma von Willebrand factor antigen concentrations increased rapidly after doses of 0.4, 1.0, 2.0, and 5.0 micrograms/kg to mean values of 140%, 127%, 120%, and 140% of baseline, respectively. The duration of this increase was dependent on the dose of Desmopressin injected.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Streptococcal meningoencephalitis in a dog.

A 5.5-year-old French bulldog was presented with acute neck pain and a short history of central vestibular syndrome. A marked neutrophilic pleocytosis and numerous gram-positive cocci were evident on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology. Streptococcus pneumoniae, a pathogen of humans, was isolated upon CSF microbiological culture. Treatment consisted of intravenous antibiotics, supportive care, and anticonvulsants for the generalized seizures which developed shortly after admission. The dog responded to therapy and two years later exhibited only a mild, residual head tilt. The pathogenesis and treatment of bacterial meningoencephalitis in dogs are reviewed.

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