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Biomedical subjects

B W Adams

Publications and source records attributed to B W Adams.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Microbiological aspects of polyphosphate injection in the processing and chill storage of poultry.

During commercial processing of broiler chickens, injection of polyphosphate (Puron 604 or 6040) resulted in microorganisms being added to the deep breast muscle. The level of contamination was related to the microbiological condition of the injection solution. Injection of polyphosphate had no effect on the shelf-life of fresh chilled carcasses held at 1 degree of 10 degrees C but changes were observed in the growth rate of microorganisms in the deep muscle and in the composition of the muscle microflora following storage. Cross-contamination of carcasses and the transfer of organisms from the skin to the deep muscle during injection was demonstrated with a marker strain of Clostridium perfringens. However, both processes were influenced by the number of marker organisms applied initially to the skin. The above findings are discussed in relation to the possible behaviour of any food poisoning bacteria present.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

A selective medium for the rapid isolation of pseudomonads associated with poultry meat spoilage.

1. A new selective medium (CFC) has been developed for the rapid isolation of pigmented and non-pigmented pseudomonads associated with the spoilage of poultry meat held under chill conditions. It comprises Difco Heart Infusion Agar supplemented with 50 microgram cephaloridine, 10 microgram fucidin and 10 microgram cetrimide/ml. 2. CFC medium was found to be more selective than three other media which have been used for isolating pseudomonads from foods, when tested with pure cultures of 28 reference organisms. 3. CFC supported the growth of a higher proportion of pseudomonads from freshly-eviscerated carcasses and processing equipment when the organisms were present only in low numbers relative to other genera.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Some observations on the caecal microflora of the chick during the first two weeks of life.

1. Changes in the caecal flora of chicks aged from approximately 3 h to 14 d were studied. 2. Counts obtained by means of a conventional anaerobic plating method and a method for the stricter anaerobes remained comparable throughout but occasionally it was found that strains of anaerobic bacteria isolated from the predominant flora of 4- to 14-d-old birds could not be grown when tested by the conventional method. 3. During the 14-d period approximately 100% of the organisms isolated on anaerobic plates utilised uric acid up to the third day but the incidence subsequently declined and in one case represented only 4% of the total flora. 4. The predominant uric acid-utilising bacteria were Streptococcus faecalis and Escherichia coli up to 3 d of age and various types of anaerobic bacteria thereafter. 5. None of the isolates showed an absolute requirement for uric acid.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The effectiveness of in-plant chlorination in poultry processing.

1. Sampling carcasses after plucking or after the post-evisceration spray-wash showed that 10 or 20 ppm available chlorine in the processing-plant water supply caused little reduction in carcass contamination. 2. When 20 ppm chlorine was used in the water supply to parts of the processing-plant other than the mechanical immersion chilling system, counts of faecal and spoilage bacteria from carcasses were reduced approximately 10-fold after passage through the chilling system; bacterial carry-over of chlorine from the final spray-washer. 3. Artificial contamination of carcasses with a readily identifiable strain of Escherichia coli confirmed the occurrence of cross-contamination during plucking and evisceration; in-plant chlorination reduced neither the proportion of carasses contaminated nor the numbers of organisms transferred at these stages. 4. In most cases the chlorine-resistance of poultry spoilage pseudomonads was greater than that of E. coli; hence in-plant chlorination is to be recommended for processing-plant water supplies which carry such spoilage organisms.

Animals↗