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Biomedical subjects

B Vernon-Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to B Vernon-Roberts.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Degenerative changes in the intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine and their sequelae.

Careful pathological examination of lumbar spines removed at autopsy has shown that degenerative changes are present in the intervertebral discs of all subjects by middle age. The degenerative changes are more marked and occur at an earlier age when evidence of vertical or posterior disc prolapse is also present. Degenerative changes in the discs are always accompanied by osteophyte formation on the margins of the vertebral bodies and remodelling changes in the apophyseal joints. There is a direct relationship between the degree of disc degeneration, marginal osteophyte formation on vertebral bodies, and apophyseal joint changes, which suggests that disc degeneration is the primary event leading to the clinical condition of 'degenerative spondylosis'.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of the effects of alclofenac, flurbiprofen, and prednisolone on acute inflammatory response in the rat.

The fluid and cellular phases of the inflammatory response were measured using a technique employing subcutaneous implantation of polyurethane foam cubes impregnated with heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Fluribiprofen and prednisolone were equipotent and were capable of almost completely suppressing fluid and cellular responses, while alclofenac was less potent at nontoxic dose levels. Study of the patterns of cellular exudation by image analysing computer showed that alcofenac appears unique in that it produces a well-defined cell-free zone between the edge of the implanted cubes and a band of neutrophil polymorphs within the cubes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The effect of anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic drugs on inflammation in the rat.

The anti-inflammatory effects of flurbiprofen and a number of other antirheumatic agents were studied in the rat using a model of inflammation, which involved the subcutaneous implantation of polyurethane cubes impregnated with an irritant. Results of acute and chronic studies indicated that flurbiprofen was extremely effective in suppressing both fluid and cellular phases of inflammation and, in this model, was comparable in potency to prednisolone.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Selective concentration and localization of gold in macrophages of synovial and other tissues during and after chrysotherapy in rheumatoid patients.

Gold distribution was studied in the tissues of 7 rheumatoid patients who had died from 0 to 23 years after stopping chrysotherapy (sodium aurothiomalate) and in 23 samples of synovial tissue removed surgically at intervals during chrysotherapy in 5 patients. After the application of a highly specific staining technique, the cellular localization of gold was examined microscopically in various tissues: the amounts of gold in selected areas of the same specimens which had been examined microscopically were then measured by neutron activation analysis. During active chrysotherapy gold was abundant in synovial lining cells except where a fibrin layer was present on the surface; after stopping chrysotherapy, gold disappeared from the synovial lining cells. Gold accumulated progressively in the subsynovial connective tissues during chrysotherapy, but was not uniformly distributed, and bore no relationship to fluctuations in serum gold levels. Gold deposition was not confined to joint tissue, but was found within the macrophages of many organs, renal tubular epithelium, and, after recent chrysotherapy, in seminiferous tubules, hepatocytes, and adrenal cortical cells. Gold persisted in synovial and other tissues for up to 23 years after chrysotherapy was stopped. The overall findings indicated that gold is selectively concentrated within inflamed synovial tissues during chrysotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

The pathogenesis of Perthes' disease.

It has been shown that in the puppy, two infarcts separated by an interval of four weeks produce a disorder of long duration which results in flattening and broadening of the femoral head and which reproduces the radiological changes seen in Perthes' disease in man. The histological appearances produced by two infarcts are characteristic. In this study the histological appearance of fifty-seven femoral head biopsy specimens in Perthes' disease in man have been studied. In 51 per cent of hips histopathological changes characteristic of double infarction were present, and there were grounds for postulating that double infarction might eventually occur in all cases. The findings support the concept that the deformation of the femoral head and the chronicity of Perthes' disease in man may be due at least as much or even more to repeated episodes of infarction and the ensuing abnormalities of growth as to mechanical factors related to weight-bearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Influence of tubercle aggregate size on severity of adjuvant arthritis in the rat.

Incorporation into Freund's complete adjuvant of tuberculous aggregates smaller than 90 mum in size is essential to produce adjuvant arthritis in the rat, and this correlates with a significantly greater degree of cell-mediated immunity to tuberculous antigens produced by small aggregates (smaller than 90 mum), when compared with large (larger than 90 mum) aggregates. This requirement for small aggregates to render Freund's complete adjuvant arthritogenic is not paralleled by detectable differences in antimycobacterial humoral antibody production nor by a size-dependent requirement for a conventional adjuvant effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Assessment of anti-inflammatory drugs in the rat using subcutaneous implants of polyurethane foam impregnated with dead tubercle bacilli.

The fluid and cellular phases of inflammatory resonse have been measured using a technique employing subcutaneous implantation of polyurethane foam cubes impregnated with heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Phenylbutazone, azathioprine, aspirin, cyclophosphamide, and prednisolone suppressed fluid response, whereas sodium aurothiomalate, hydroxychloroquine, and D-penicillamine had no effect. All the drugs used suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the cubes.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Adjuvant arthritis in the rat. Distribution of fluorescent material after footpad injection of rhodamine-labelled tubercle bacilli.

Adjuvant disease in the rat may represent a cell-mediated response to tuberculous material disseminated from the original injection site, but previous studies have provided only indirect evidence for this dissemination. In the present experiments tubercle bacilli labelled in vitro with rhodamine isothiocyanate (RITC) were injected into a footpad as Freund's complete adjuvant. Serial studies showed two varieties of fluorescent material in the tissues (1) intracellular and extracellular intact and fragmented bacilli, and (2) amorphous intracellular material. Both types of material were identified in the injected foot and draining lymph nodes. Bacilli were also identified in the contralateral knee joint, peritoneum, pleura, lung, and liver, while amorphous material alone appeared in the spleen. The presence of intact bacilli was confirmed by positive Ziehl-Nielsen staining of the organisms, but the amorphous intracellular material did not stain positively by this method. The use of RITC-labelled organisms considerably reduced the severity of adjuvant disease. Most of the organisms identified in sites distant from the injected limb were not situated within foci of inflammation. Marked differences in processing of the tuberculous material (and lack of dissemination of intact bacilli) were noted when labelled organisms were injected in saline instead of in oil.

Animals↗