In 300 patients with congenital defects and abnormalities of the nasal cavity development, physiological functions of the nose were investigated, using advanced methods, e. g. rhinofibroscopy, microrhinoscopy, rhinopneumometry, olfactometry, thermometry of the nasal mucosa, and pH measurement of the nasal mucus. Disorders in respiratory, olfactory, and protective functions were revealed. This led to surgical intervention in more than 300 cases. Original methods and modified procedures were developed as applied to specific pathologies. Physiological measurements before and after surgery demonstrated that correction of development defects and abnormalities of the nasal cavity contributed to the recovery of nose functions.

Adult↗

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[Hearing dynamics in the children after craniocerebral injuries].

This paper presents the results of audiologic examinations of 183 children who underwent craniocerebral injuries of varying severity. After mild injury 83.5% of children showed various hearing problems. In 59.6% of patients asymmetric injury of the hearing organ was associated with circulation disorders on the affected or the opposite side, which was detected by means of rheoencephalography. After severe injury greater audiologic changes were seen. The patients with both mild and severe injuries were unable to locate sound sources in the vertical plane, regardless of their age, location of the traumatizing factor of hearing loss as measured by an audiometer. It is underlined that children with mild craniocerebral injuries deserve special attention to detect and prevent potential hearing problem.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Prof. Vasiliĭ Nikolaevich Okunev (on the 125th anniversary of his birth)].

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Education, Medical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical syndromes in congenital defects and developmental anomalies of the nasal cavity].

Clinical syndromes that accompany congenital diseases and developmental abnormalities of the nasal cavity are presented. The data are derived from clinical and functional investigations (rhinospirometry, olfactometry, rhinofibroscopy, rhinomicroscopy, examination of the motor function on the ciliated epithelium, etc) of 160 patients with the above pathologies. Based on the examinations, the following clinical syndromes can be identified: nasal asymmetry, nasal obstruction, respiratory, olfactory, mucociliary and reflex syndromes. It is concluded that further investigations in th s direction are needed and that the syndrome approach is valuable from the diagnostic point of view.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Electroacoustic correction of hearing in children].

Electroacoustic correction of hearing impairment is of crucial importance for children because it improves their rehabilitation and mental development. The principal objective of hearing corrective measures is to provide patients with hearing aids selected as early as possible on an individual basis. When selecting hearing aids, many clinical and audiological factors should be taken into consideration. The hearing function should be examined and the level of mental and verbal development should be assessed. There are some children who urgently need hearing aids and there are others for whom they are contraindicated. Electroacoustic correction of hearing loss in children can be effective if hearing problems are reliably diagnosed at an early stage and if hearing aids meet individual requirements of the affected child.

Age Factors↗

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[Organization of deafness services to children in Moscow].

In recent years the percentage of patients with neurosensory hypoacusis among those with chronic hearing diseases has substantially increased. This fact makes important improvement of surdological aid to children in Moscow. The major goals of the city surdological department are: detection of children with hearing pathologies, their treatment and rehabilitation, manufacture of hearing aids. Rehabilitation is performed in dedicated kindergartens and schools. At the present time the basic purpose of the personnel is to detect children with hearing problems in high risk groups.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied