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Biomedical subjects

B Terracini

Publications and source records attributed to B Terracini.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Relationship between epidemiology of cancer and experimental carcinogenesis].

Scientific criteria for the recognition of carcinogenicity for man of specific chemicals and mixtures are described with examples. Cohort, and to a lesser extent case-control studies may lead to the demonstration of the carcinogenicity of a specific chemical. However, this requires several conditions which are not easy to meet. This might explain the low number of chemicals recognized as carcinogenic for the human species. Therefore, the prediction of carcinogenic risks of a chemical to man often relies only on the experimental evidence of presence or absence of long-term effects.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Descriptive epidemiology of cancer of the larynx in the province of Torino, Italy.

Age-standardized incidence rates of cancer of the larynx in men from 1965-1969 were 14.7/100,000/year in the city of Torino and 8.4 in the non-metropolitan area of the province. These rates are among the highest in Europe. The geographical distribution of cancer of the larynx has been investigated in the non-metropolitan area considering two geographical entities, i.e., the 291 towns and the 12 ecological zones/subzones of the area. The incidence of cancer of the larynx in men was unrelated to the population of towns in 1961, whereas it was positively correlated to indexes of general industrialization as well as to those related to industrialization in the mechanical processes. Tobacco and alcohol consumption have not been taken into account. In order to validate the methodology, the investigation was extended to bladder cancer and to cancer in the children. The former was correlated with general and chemical + rubber industrialization, whereas the latter was not correlated with any industrial process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

The roles of age at treatment and dose in carcinogenesis in C3Hf/Dp mice with a single administration of N-nitroso-N-methylurea.

C3Hf/Dp mice were given a single i.p. injection of 50, 25 or 5 mug/g N-Nitroso-N-Methylurea (NMU) at either 1 or 70 days of age or 50 mug/g at 21 days of age. They were observed until death or until 120 weeks of age. The two highest doses of NMU produced tumours in a wide spectrum of organs, including the thymus, forestomach, lung, liver (only in males), kidneys, ovaries and orbital glands. The only two tumour types which appeared to be closely related to the occurrence of death were thymic lymphomata (most of which were found in mice dying before 40 weeks after treatment) and carcinomata of the forestomach. Lifetime analyses are presented concerning the occurrence of these two tumour types as well as the occurrence of any tumour after 40 weeks of age or since treatment. Incidences of thymic lymphomata were 67.6%, 39.0% and 21.2% in mice receiving 50 mug/g NMU at 1, 21 and 70 days respectively and 17.1% in mice receiving 25 mug/g at 1 day. In the other groups the incidence of thymic lymphomata was zero or negligible. The rate of progression of thymic lymphomata until death was related to both earliness of treatment and dose. On the contrary, incidences and progression of carcinomata of the forestomach were unrelated to age at treatment. Since breakdown of NMU is very rapid and does not require enzymes, these results are considered as evidence that host-tumour interaction differs from organ to organ. No excess of tumours over the controls was found in mice receiving 5 mug/g either at 1 or 70 days of age.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1970

Carcinogenicity of a single administration of N-nitrosomethylurea: a comparison between newborn and 5-week-old mice and rats.

N-Nitrosomethylurea (NMUrea) was given as a single intraperitoneal injection either to newborn or to 5-week-old (C57BL * C3Hf)F(1) mice and Wistar rats. Newborn mice were more susceptible than 5-week-old mice to the development of lymphosarcomas, lung adenomas and hepatomas, whereas newborn rats were more susceptible than their weaned counterparts to the development of renal anaplastic tumours. Other tumours occured with the same frequency in newborn and mature animals. Tumours of the forestomach in mice were more frequenty found in animals treated at 5 weeks than in those treated at birth. Since NMUrea persists for only a very short time and breaks down spontaneously it seems that the paucity of enzymes related to immaturity in newborns is not a major factor in determining the different susceptibility of newborn animals to NMUrea carcinogenicity.

Adenoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Review of ethical aspects in biomedical research. The experience of the Ethics Committee of the Center for Toxic Oil Syndrome and Rare Diseases [CISATER]].

This Field Note aims to make known the decisions taken by the Ethics Committee of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III for Toxic Oil Syndrome regarding the secondary use of research specimens in biological research when informed consent is lacking. This is a common concern in the field of biomedical research. After debating the ethical suitability of the secondary use of these samples, our main conclusion is that researchers conducting prospective studies should expressly solicit written informed consent from participants in the study about i) whether there will or could be any secondary use of the samples and, if so, ii) whether such secondary use would be conditional on the type of research.

Biomedical Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case-control study of carcinomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses in the woolen textile manufacturing industry.

A population-based case-control study was conducted in Biella, which is located in northwestern Italy, to investigate the reported association between sinonasal carcinomas and woolen fabrics production. The study included 33 cases diagnosed during 1976-1988 (14 adenocarcinomas, 11 epidermoid carcinomas, 3 other specified carcinomas, 1 unspecified carcinoma, and 4 cases without histologic confirmation) and 131 controls. No association was found with smoking. As reported previously, excess risks were observed in wood and furniture workers (odds ratio [OR] = 4.4, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = 1.41-13.4) and in the leather industry (OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 0.6-20.3). Odds ratios in the wood and furniture industry were 22.0 (95% CI = 4.4-124.0) for adenocarcinomas and 0.9 (95% CI = 0.4-8.3) for epidermoid carcinomas. No association was found with the woolen textile or garment industries (OR = 0.8, 95% CI = 0.2-2.8), nor with farming, construction, metal works, and transport. Odds ratios for the textile industry did not vary with length of exposure or histologic type. Power for detecting an odds ratio of 3.0 at the 95% level of significance was 40%.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Physical impairment and social life goals among adult long-term survivors of childhood cancer: a population-based study from the childhood cancer registry of Piedmont, Italy.

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: The study describes the health status and the attainment of life goals in the adult survivors of childhood cancer recorded at the Childhood Cancer Registry of Piedmont. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: A postal questionnaire was sent to the general practitioner of the 690 cases born before 1976 and alive in 1991 after at least 5 years from diagnosis. The answer was received for 485 (72.9%) included in the analyses. Items in the questionnaire were: sequelae related to cancer and its treatment, health-related quality of life (according to Bloom's criteria), educational level attained, and employment status. RESULTS: Vital and marital status were obtained for all 690 cases at the offices of the town of residence. No medical condition was reported for 309 cases (63.7%). The overall proportion with a high school or university education was compared to corresponding figures for Piedmont in 1991, adjusted by age, and was as high as in the general population. Similar results are observed for occupation. Patients of both genders were married less than expected. Patients with leukemia (112 cases), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (34) or Hodgkin's lymphoma (52) were reported to have the highest quality of life. In contrast, patients with tumors of the central nervous system (151) had the highest frequency of sequelae and the lowest score for health-related quality of life. They-also presented the lowest educational achievement, the lowest proportion of employment and, among males, the lowest frequency of marriage. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows a good social adjustment of adult survivors from childhood cancer, with the exception of central nervous system tumors. From the methodologic point of view, the present study shows the feasibility of surveillance surveys on health-related quality of life with the contribution of general practitioners.

Adolescent↗