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Biomedical subjects

B Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to B Taylor.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Relaxation training, twenty-four-hour blood pressure reductions.

If the demonstrated effects of relaxation training on blood pressure (BP) occur only during relaxation practice, then little effect on the morbidity and mortality of exssential hypertensives would be expected. This question was addressed by inpatient monitoring of five hypertensive patients' BP for 24 hours during six experimental days, including a no-treatment baseline, three days of relaxation training, and one day of recovery. Lowering of both systolic and diastolic pressures persisted beyond the end of the training sessions. Moreover, systolic BP was significantly lower during relaxation training days than during either baseline or recovery days, a difference particularly noticeable at night when patients were sleeping. The BPs of the three patients showing the largest initial effects of training averaged 12.5/7.3 mm Hg less during nights following relaxation sessions than during nights following no treatment.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1980

Insulin dependent diabetes: a comparison of families with single and multiple affected siblings.

Families (n = 14) with more than 1 sibling with insulin dependent diabetes were matched with families of similar size and age distribution containing only 1 affected child. The distribution of HLA haplotypes, age of onset of disease, and seasonal onset of disease were compared in the two groups. The data are not consistent with the hypothesis of a single autosomal recessive gene linked to the HLA region. The data do not permit a choice between other current hypotheses although they are compatible with the theory of 2 genes linked to the HLA region, acting additively, and requiring interaction either with environmental factors or other disease susceptibility genes. Diabetic children in the multiplex and simplex families did not differ in the month of onset of symptoms nor in the age at diagnosis although three multiplex pedigrees in which diabetes developed in all affected children before the age of 6 years were identified.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Bilateral metastatic inflammatory carcinoma in the breast from primary ovarian cancer.

A case of ovarian carcinoma with bilateral metastases to the breasts is presented. This is the first report of simultaneous involvement of both breasts presenting as an inflammatory tumor. Axillary lymph node enlargement preceded breast involvement. The related literature is reviewed briefly, and the unpredictable invasiveness of malignant neoplasms is emphasized.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1980

Inhaled powder compared with aerosol administration of fenoterol in asthmatic children.

Fenoterol as a powdered inhalation was shown to have a longer and stronger bronchodilator effect than the same dose inhaled from a standard metered dose aerosol in a double-blind double-placebo controlled cross-over study in 13 severely asthmatic children. The powder method of administration is free from many of the disadvantages of pressurised aerosols and may prove the method of choice in childhood.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1980

The quality of diabetic care in a London health district.

In order to assess the quality of care in a community-wide sample of diabetic patients, a study was performed on 217 such patients identified in three group practices in an east London health district. Only 46% of the patients were currently attending a hospital. In the two years before review, 64% of patients had had their blood pressure recorded and 59% had had retinal examinations. Levels of glycosylated haemoglobin were significantly higher in patients on insulin than in those on oral regimes (P = 0.0004). The mean level of glycosylated haemoglobin was higher in patients from Social Classes III, IV, and V than in patients from Social Classes I and II (P = 0.005), but there was no difference in level between those patients attending hospital and those attending their general practitioners after accounting for differences in these two populations (P = 0.19). Over 50% of all diabetic patients in this study had levels of glycosylated haemoglobin which may indicate vulnerability to microvascular disease.

Catchment Area, Health↗
PubMed1980

A technique for the treatment of large irregular fields.

Each method of producing irregular shaped fields has its own particular advantage. This report describes one technique of irregular field production with minimal handling of the shielding material, tapered shielding to provide the greatest accuracy in the field shape, and rapid achievement of patient setup. The reproducibility of these fields is considered.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Persistent sciatic artery: a case report.

A persistent sciatic artery was an incidental finding in a 29-year-old man who was being investigated for severe varicose veins and venous ulceration. The authors review the embryology and literature pertaining to persistent sciatic artery. Because it has a propensity for aneurysm formation and thrombosis they recommend that elective surgery be considered for this condition. In young asymptomatic patients the condition of the anomalous artery should be monitored by ultrasonography until operative intervention is indicated. The operative procedure should consist of occlusion with a balloon catheter or ligation of the persistent artery following by femoropopliteal bypass.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Colonoscopic polypectomy: the first 200.

Colonoscopic polypectomy is a safe, reliable method of excising most colonic polyps. This paper reports 200 colonoscopic polypectomies performed by one surgeon in a Toronto teaching hospital and reviews results and complications of polyp removal and the treatment of malignant polyps. The relative value of colonoscopic and radiologic detection of polyps is assessed and a plan for follow-up after polypectomy discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

A method for the induction of a prolonged elevated IgM response without the formation of IgG antibody, by injecting carrageenan-treated mice with multiple doses of sheep erythrocytes.

Carrageenan, a known macrophage toxin and immunosuppressive agent, has been studied for its effect on antibody responses following single doses or multiple daily increasing doses of sheep red blood cells (SRBC) injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in male CBA strain mice. Results showed that lambda carrageenan administered prior to a single i.p. injection of SRBC markedly suppressed both the IgM and IgG responses. However, when carrageenan-treated mice were injected with multiple daily increasing amounts of SRCB antigen, high titers of specific antibody activities were produced in serum while only IgM plaque-forming cells (PFC) were detected in the spleens up to 8 weeks later. Higher serum titers were obtained if Bordetella pertussis vaccine was administered i.p. shortly before the first antigen dose was injected in the carrageenan-treated mice. Direct PFC (IgM) but not indirect PFC (IgG) were detected in suspensions of spleen cells late in the response of these mice. Such treatment may provide a useful method for raising high titers of cytotoxic IgM antibody to other T-dependent antigens. Evidence is presented to show that pertussis vaccine--a known potentiator of the IgG response--does not reverse the inhibitory effects of carrageenan. Results also provide evidence for the requirement of functional macrophages in the induction of helper-cell activity for the thymus dependent IgG response in vivo.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Use of automated chromatography on the amino acid analyzer with lithium citrate buffers to separate nucleic acid bases, nucleosides, nucleotides and their precursors.

A simple and sensitive method has been developed to separate nucleic acid bases, nucleosides, nucleotides and their precursors by automated chromatography using the amino acid analyzer with lithium citrate buffers. The method is sensitive to a concentration of 5 nmol, linear in the range of 5--100 nmol, and resolves almost all the bases, nucleosides, nucleotides and their precursors of physiologic importance.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1979

"Hybrid" synapses formed by foreign innervation of parasympathetic neurons: a model for selectivity during competitive reinnervation.

Selectivity of synapse formation after nerve regeneration was tested in the parasympathetic cardiac ganglion of frogs (Rana pipiens). First, we tested the ability of somatic motor axons to establish synaptic connections with denervated ganglion cells by implanting the hypoglossus nerve into the vagotomized heart. After several weeks, stimulation of the implanted hypoglossus mediated a parasympathetic-like inhibition of the heart rate, and synaptic responses produced by hypoglossal stimulation were recorded intracellularly in ganglion cells. Light and electron microscopy indicated that implanted hypoglossal nerve terminals contacted parasympathetic ganglion cells only on their axons and not on the cell body (where most vagal synapses are found in control animals). Second, we tested whether regenerating vagal preganglionic axons would complete with foreign (hypoglossal) terminals for innervation of cardiac ganglion cells. We allowed the vagus nerve to regenerate in animals in which the implanted hypoglossus had established functional contacts with the cardiac ganglion. Vagal axons were able to reinnervate the heart and reestablish synaptic connections on the cell bodies of ganglion cells. Furthermore, functional transmission at the foriegn (hypoglossal) terminals disappeared concomitant with vagal reinnervation.

Animals↗