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Biomedical subjects

B Tandler

Publications and source records attributed to B Tandler.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

EDTA-mediated separation of cat tracheal lining epithelium.

After specimens of cat trachea were incubated for 2 hr in 20 mM EDTA, the epithelium could easily be stripped from the mucosal surface with a dissecting needle. The epithelium was cleanly separated from its basal lamina, which remained fixed to the lamina propria. Epithelial cells were well preserved, junctional complexes were structurally intact, and there was no widening of intercellular spaces. The inferior epithelial surface was irregular, with numerous membrane-bound blebs arising from the constituent epithelial cells. Hemidesmosomes, which are found only on basal cells, were covered by a nap of fine filaments, the remnants of the filaments that normally traverse the lamina lucida. In many basal cells, cleaved hemidesmosomes were internalized, probably representing a stage in their lysosomal degradation. The basal lamina adhering to the lamina propria appeared in the transmission electron microscope as a sinuous linear density. In the scanning electron microscope, the basal lamina surface had an irregularly corrugated appearance. The basal lamina continued into the stomata of the submucosal gland ducts, which intersected the surface at an acute angle. Anchoring fibrils identical to those associated with stratified squamous epithelium were found in significant numbers on the connective tissue face of the basal lamina. Separation of tracheal tissues may provide a means whereby secretory activity and products of epithelium and submucosal glands can be individually assessed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Mucous glycoproteins from cat tracheal goblet cells and mucous glands separated with EDTA.

Respiratory tract mucous glycoproteins (MGP) are secreted by goblet cells in the surface epithelium and by submucosal glands. The MGP in airway secretions collected in vivo and from airway explants in vitro represent an admixture of secretions from these sources. Incubation of cat tracheal explants in 20 mM EDTA allowed physical separation of the surface epithelium from the underlying tissues and the culture of each isolated secretory element. Separated tissues appeared morphologically intact and continued to secrete MGP. The MGP arising from the surface epithelium had more sialic acid relative to galactose and N-acetylglucosamine and appeared to be less highly sulfated, as determined by DEAE cellulose chromatography, than MGP from submucosal glands. The EDTA-mediated separation of the airway secretory elements may allow further investigation into specific secretory functions of these two epithelial elements.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural effects of riboflavin deficiency on rat hepatic mitochondria.

The hepatic mitochondria of rats fed a riboflavin-deficient diet were examined by electron microscopy. Discoidal mitochondria with elongated cristae increased in frequency from day 4 to day 12 of the test diet. At day 22, sheaves of closely packed cristae were present in many otherwise typical mitochondria. At day 53, numerous cupshaped mitochondria appeared; these often nested one inside the other. From this day onward, the mitochondria showed a tendency towards increasing size. By day 82, some had a diameter greater than 8 micrometer. These and other, smaller mitochondria often contained extremely prominent matrix granules. The production by riboflavin-deficiency of giant mitochondria in the rat liver appears to be unrelated to their capacity to carry out oxidative metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural and biochemical effects of D-penicillamine on mouse hepatocytes.

The ultrastructural and oxidative metabolic effects of D-penicillamine were examined in hepatocytes of mice fed various concentrations of the drug for periods up to 11 days. In virtually all animals studied, membranous material in the form of whorls, sheaves, and irregular networks was observed in some bile canaliculi. In several mice a few mitochondria were substantially enlarged, with diameters of 4-6 micron. In other animals some mitochondria became quite elongated, measuring 10 micron in length but only 0.5 micron in width. Certain mitochondria had small deposits of dense material in their outer compartment. Lysosomes contained numerous small dense particles; aggregates of these particles were also observed free in the cytosol. Despite these alterations, the vast majority of hepatocytes showed no changes whatsoever. Study of isolated hepatic mitochondria derived from the experimental animals showed no alterations in oxidative metabolism. It may be concluded that, unlike other copper-chelating agents, D-penicillamine has little significant morphological and biochemical effect on mouse hepatocytes, even when its concentration exceeds standard clinical dosages.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructure and function of alveolar macrophages from cystic fibrosis patients.

Alveolar macrophages were isolated from three cystic fibrosis patients, and the structure and function of these cells were compared to that of normal alveolar macrophages. The cystic fibrosis (CF) and normal alveolar macrophages were able to phagocytize Pseudomonas in the presence of normal serum, but cells from both sources had decreased phagocytosis of Pseudomonas in the presence of CF serum. Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus was not inhibited. Ultrastructural studies showed CF macrophages to be morphologically normal, however, in contrast to CF polymorphonuclear cells, they had not been heavily engaged in phagocytosis. The similarities between CF and normal macrophages suggest that the chronic pulmonary infection of CF may be due to an extrinsic factor in an altered lung environment rather than to any intrinsic cellular defect of the alveolar macrophage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Ultrastructure of the anterior medial glands of the rat nasal septum.

The anterior medial glands lying in the submucosa of the rat nasal septum were studied by light and electron microscopy. The glands consist of a single long duct, which is studded with numerous solitary acinar formations connected perpendicularly to the main duct by short intercalated ducts. Proximal acini (those furthest from the stoma of the main duct) consist of typical serous cells with many dense secretory granules and an extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum. The most distal acini consist of cells whose major feature is the enwrapment of each mitochondrion by a cisternal profile of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Myoepithelial cells are absent from proximal acini, but are abundant on distal acini. Intracellular nerve terminals are extremely common, particularly in distal acini. The main ducts resemble, to a degree, the striated ducts of salivary glands.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Biochemical properties of subsarcolemmal and interfibrillar mitochondria isolated from rat cardiac muscle.

Two populations of mitochondria were observed upon ultrastructural examination of cardiac muscle tissue, one located directly beneath the sarcolemma (subsarcolemmal mitochondria) and another between the myofibrils (interfibrillar mitochondria). Subsarcolemmal mitochondria were released by treatment of heart muscle with a Polytron tissue processor, while interfibrillar mitochondria were released by nagarse digestion of the remaining tissue. These results were supported by electron microscopy of Polytron-treated heart tissue showing rupture and loss of sarcolemma with release of the underlying mitochondria but with retention of intact mitochondria between the myofibrils. Electron microscopy of the isolated mitochondria indicated that both mitochondrial types maintained their structural integrity throughout the isolation procedure. Specific activities of succinate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase were higher in the interfibrillar mitochondria as compared to the subsarcolemmal mitochondria, while those of carnitine palmitoyltransferase and alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase were nearly the same in both. Interfibrillar mitochondria oxidized all substrates tested approximately 1.5 times faster than did the subsarcolemmal mitochondria. Thus the two mitochondrial types differed not only in their respective locations in the cell, but also in certain biochemical properties.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Oncocytes in the nasopharynx.

A mucosal biopsy specimen taken from the anterior superior part of the nasopharynx revealed the presence of numerous oncocytes. These cells were observed in both the mucosal epithelium and in the submucosal glands. Ultrastructurally, the oncocytes were characterized by vast numbers of closely packed mitochondria, which in some cells had a rarified matrix, and by a paucity of other cytoplasmic organelles. It could not be determined whether these cells represented an early stage in the development of a nasopharyngeal oncocytoma, or whether they were the result of local reactive oncocytic metaplasia.

Cytosol↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructure of the cat sublingual gland.

The sublingual gland of the cat consists primarily of branched secretory tubules that open into an abbreviated duct system. The simple epithelium that composes the secretory tubules consists of an admixture of mucous and serous cells, with the former predominating. Some secretory tubules are capped by a serous demilune. Regardless of position, almost all serous cells have prominent basal folds and border on at least one intercellular canaliculus as well as on the tubule lumen. Serous cells possess an extensive array of irregular, distended cisternae of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum that frequently contain dense intracisternal granules. Serous granules are relatively few in number and rarely show evidence of substructure. Mucous cells, which lack basal folds, contain an apical mass of secretory material in the form of partially fused droplets. The duct system is somewhat less ordered than in most major salivary glands; secretory tubules empty into structures resembling intercalated ducts or may be in direct continuity with ducts intermediate in morphology between intercalated and excretory ducts. The absence of striated ducts noted in this study may be correlated with the high sodium content of cat sublingual saliva. The main excretory duct of the sublingual gland closely resembles that of the cat submandibular gland in terms of morphology, but exhibits little of the transport functions reported in the latter duct.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Granular cell ameloblastoma: electron microscopic observations.

A case of granular cell ameloblastoma was studied by light and electron microscopy. Histologically, the lesion resembled simple ameloblastoma, but differed from the latter in that it contained many cells with granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasmic granules were identified as lysosomes. These organelles were particularly abundant in cells situated in the center of islands and clusters of neoplastic cells. Since no cytoplasmic components could be identified in any of these lysosomes, it was concluded that they are not engaged in autophagy or in remodeling of the neoplastic cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Ultrastructure of chronically inflamed human submandibular glands.

The structure of chronically inflamed submandibular glands from four patients was examined by electron microscopy. The patients were free of the sicca syndrome and lacked other symptoms of Sjögren's syndrome or related autoimmune diseases. The affected glands were characterized by a reduction in acinar elements, by ductular proliferation and hyperplasia, and by large numbers of inflammatory cells in the stroma. This study indicates that many of the ultrastructural changes in salivary glands previously attributed to autoimmune diseases may also occur in patients who are free of such afflictions but whose salivary glands have undergone intermittent obstruction or infection.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of baboon parotid gland.

The parotid gland of the olive baboon, Papio anubis, was examined by electron microscopy. The acini are all serous in nature, and consist of pyramidal cells with abundant secretory granules of varying size. These granules consist of a dense matrix in which a denser spherule or lenticular body is present. Granules linked by a short isthmus are observed in the apical cytoplasm, and granules in the process of discharging their contents to the acinar lumen may be connected to the luminal plasma membrane by a neck-like protrusion. Intercalated duct cells contain granules reminiscent of those found in the rat submandibular acinar cells. The striated ducts consist of tall cells interlocked in a complex fashion near their bases, with numerous vertically-oriented mitochondria lodged in their basal crenulations. Small vesicles whose contents vary in density are present in the apical cytoplasm as are large deposits of lipofuscin. The striated duct cells display a proclivity for ballooning into the duct lumen. Excretory ducts consist of simple to pseudostratified columnar epithelium, and lack basal striations or apical blebs.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of the main excretory duct of the cat submandibular gland.

The main excretory ducts (MED's) from the submandibular gland of adult cats were examined by electron microscopy. The ducts consisted of a pseudostratified epithelial lining surrounded by abundant connective tissue and numerous, small, longitudinally-oriented blood vessels. The taller epithelial cells were closely coherent, without the luminal clefts between adjacent cells that are characteristic of rat MED's. In the cat, these cells lacked basal membrane specialization, but showed considerable lateral interdigitation. Some microvilli were present on the apical surface. In a few rare cells, the luminal surface bore cilia of typical appearance. The smaller, pyramidal basal cells had irregular basal surfaces that gave rise to one or more long cytoplasmic processes. The basal surface of the pyramidal cells was studded with hemidesmosomes. The cytoplasms contained abundant tonofilaments, which sometimes aggregated in prominent perinuclear bundles. Occasional goblet cells were present in the duct wall. MED's perfused either in situ or in a perfusion chamber with Locke's solution also were studied. Even after perfusion of 160 minutes duration, the ultrastructure of the ductal epithelium showed remarkably few alterations. The MED model system thus remains stable long enough to carry out physiological experiments which may produce ultrastructural alterations.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Ultrastructure of the secretory cells of the submucosal glands in the human maxillary sinus.

Tissue samples obtained from the lateral wall of the maxillary sinuses of five patients were examined by light microscopical, histochemical, and ultrastructural techniques. Submucosal glands were tubulo-alveolar mixed glands. The acini consisted of either all serous or all mucous cells, or a mixture of both. Serous granules were stained by toluidine blue, or by hematoxylin and eosin (H and E), but showed little or no reaction with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) or Alcian blue. Mucous granules were pale in toluidine blue or H and E preparations, and consisted primarly of acid mucosubstances, as demonstrated by their staining reaction with PAS and Alcian blue. At the electron microscope level, the serous granules were either homogeneously dense, or showed a substructure consisting of at least two layers of distincly different electron-opacity. Typical mucous droplets consisted of a fibrillar network dispersed in a translucent matrix. A second secretory product was present in the mucous cells in the form of elongated, membrane-bounded structures containing numerous parallel filaments, which measured about 55 A in diameter. The mucous droplets and the filamentous bodies appear to arise from the opposite faces of the Golgi complex in the mucous cells. The filamentous bodies showed a pronounced tendency to fuse with the mucous droplets. All acini were surrounded by a well-defined myoepithelial layer and contained intercellular nerve terminals.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗