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Biomedical subjects

B Taillan

Publications and source records attributed to B Taillan.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Rituximab (anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody) as single first-line therapy for patients with follicular lymphoma with a low tumor burden: clinical and molecular evaluation.

The clinical activity of rituximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody which binds to the CD20 antigen, was evaluated as a single first-line therapy for patients with follicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Fifty patients with follicular CD20(+) NHL and a low tumor burden were analyzed for clinical and molecular responses. They received 4 weekly infusions of rituximab at a dose of 375 mg/m(2). The response rate a month after treatment (day 50) was 36 of 49 (73%), with 10 patients in complete remission, 3 patients in complete remission/unconfirmed, and 23 patients in partial remission. Ten patients had stable disease, and the disease progressed in 3 patients. One of 13 (8%) patients in complete remission, 9 of 23 (39%) patients in partial remission, and 5 of 10 (50%) patients with stable disease exhibited disease progression during the first year. Within the study population, 32 patients were initially informative for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) data on bcl-2-J(H) rearrangement. On day 50, 17 of 30 patients (57%) were negative for bcl-2-J(H) rearrangement in peripheral blood, and 9 of 29 (31%) were negative in bone marrow; a significant association was observed between molecular and clinical responses (P <.0001). At month 12, 16 of 26 patients (62%) were PCR negative in peripheral blood. These results indicate that early molecular responses can be sustained for up to 12 months and that this response is highly correlated with progression-free survival. Rituximab has a high clinical activity and a low toxicity and induces a high complete molecular response rate in patients with follicular lymphoma and a low tumor burden.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Cancer in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The unusual aspects].

CANCER AND HIV INFECTION: As the HIV epidemic advances, the spectrum of non-AIDS defining malignancy is expanding. Recent reports suggest an increased incidence of skin cancers, squamous cell carcinomas of the anus, and Hodgkin's disease in HIV-infected patients. Other neoplasms encountered in this setting include oral mucosa, head and neck carcinoma without evidence of increased incidence. PARTICULAR FEATURES: The natural history of lung, testicle and skin cancer (excepting Kaposi sarcoma) as well as ENT cancer appears to be modified in HIV-infected patients. The main problem raised by these tumors is confounding infection which may lead to late diagnosis or an error in tumor staging.

HIV Infections↗
PubMed1999

[Bronchopulmonary cancer, antiphospholipid syndrome and coagulation disorders].

INTRODUCTION: The antiphospholipid syndrome includes recurrent thrombotic manifestations related to antiphospholipid antibodies. Adrenal insufficiency is a rare complication of the antiphospholipid syndrome. EXEGESIS: We report a case of acute adrenal insufficiency secondary to bilateral adrenal hemorrhage in a 45-year-old man. The finding of antiphospholipid antibodies and 6 months later of a polymetastatic bronchopulmonary cancer led us to diagnose a paraneoplasic antiphospholipid syndrome. CONCLUSION: We discuss the role of coagulation disorders in the pathogenesis of tumor growth and rapid metastatic spread. Assessment of the high risk for thrombosis may be of prognostic and therapeutic value in patients with evolutive bronchopulmonary cancer. Early anticoagulation treatment in association with classical treatment of cancer may contribute to prevent malignant process from extending and avoid metastatic spread.

Adrenal Insufficiency↗
PubMed1998

[Hypercalcemia associated with hyperleukocytosis, a new paraneoplastic syndrome].

BACKGROUND: The association of hypercalcemia and leukocytosis constitutes a novel paraneoplastic syndrome rarely reported in the course of head and neck and lung squamous cell carcinoma. We report 7 new cases. CASE REPORTS: In 5 cases the diagnosis was well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, in 1 differentiated non-small-cell carcinoma and in 1 adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. There was no argument favoring hyperparathyroidism in any of the cases. Microbiology tests were negative and large spectrum antibiotics were unsuccessful, eliminating an associated infection as cause of the leukocytosis. DISCUSSION: This association probably involves the secretion of hematopoietic growth factors such as G-CSF or GM-CSF by the tumor, acting simultaneously on osteoclasts and granulomonocytic cells which have common precursers.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

[Lung cancer in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Clinical course and therapeutic implications].

OBJECTIVES: HIV infection is associated with increased frequency of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma. Like other malignancies, lung cancer has been described in HIV-infected patients although no evidence of a statistical correlation has been reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of 15 HIV-infected patients with lung cancer. The patients were relatively younger (mean age 45 years) than is commonly found in lung cancer cohorts. RESULTS: The 15 patients had mild immunodepression (240 CD4+/mm3) and were in advanced clinical stage at diagnosis. Mean overall survival was 6 months and no clinical or biological prognostic factors were found. Death was usually due to infection, suggesting a synergetic effect between HIV and chemotherapy-induced immunodepression. CONCLUSION: We propose early antiretroviral therapy in cases of chemotherapy-treated HIV patients, even when commonly accepted immunological and/or clinical criteria are absent.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Tyrosine kinase: implications in tumor pathology and therapeutic perspectives].

The tyrosine kinase family includes growth factor receptor and cytoplasmic enzymes. It plays a key role in normal cell division and abnormal cell proliferation and differentiation. The most common tyrosine kinases are the epidermal-growth factor (EGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors, and a chromosome Philadelphia product, the Bcr-abl oncogene. Many studies have attempted to correlate clinical evolution of tumors with tyrosine kinase expression. However, clinical application of these new prognostic factors has not yet been demonstrated. More recently, tyrosine-phosphorylation inhibitors (tryphostin) have been developed in phase I studies. Results that were obtained show some objective responses in patients with glioblastoma and polymetastatic cancer. Another approach to block tyrosine kinase expression is the use of monoclonal antibodies. Trials using such antibodies have shown interesting preliminary results.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1998

Investigation of the thoracic aorta in cholesterol embolism by transoesophageal echocardiography.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the thoracic aorta of patients with severe cholesterol embolism (CE) by transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE). METHODS: The thoracic aorta of 20 consecutive patients with CE was compared with that in a control population matched for age and risk factors by TOE. Patients were prescribed steroids after CE was diagnosed. Follow up is reported and compared with results in the literature. RESULTS: Aortic plaques and debris were more common in patients with CE than in the control population (p < 0.001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). The mean (SD) number of aortic plaques in the CE patients was 2.6 (0.7). This aortic atheroma was found predominantly in the descending aorta. One patient died during a mean (SD) follow up of 24 (10) months. CONCLUSIONS: Aortic atheroma, as detected by TOE, should be considered as the main source of CE. In addition, the prognosis in our series, in which steroids were systemically prescribed, is much better than in others reported in the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

[Hyponatremia during treatment with cisplatin].

BACKGROUND: Cisplatin is one of the most widely used agents in cancer treatment. Cisplatin regimens can lead to a more or less pronounced hyponatremia in 4 to 10% of cases due to salt wasting with hypomagnesemia and normokaliemia. Functional and renal failure and orthostatic hypotension can be observed. CASE REPORT: A 54-year-old woman with brain metastases of a non-small-cell lung cancer was given a chemotherapy regimen containing cisplatin. Hyponatremia with confusion occurred after each cisplatin perfusion. The diagnosis retained was cisplatin-induced salt wasting. The patient was given salt prolonged supplementation and carboplatin was substituted for cisplatin in the chemotherapy regimen. DISCUSSION: Hyponatremia frequently occurs in cancer patients. Cisplatin-induced hyponatremia requires specific management. Treatment is based on sodium intake which sometimes takes several months to replete stores. Carboplatin can be used instead of cisplatin in case of major hyponatremia.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1997

[Spinal cord compression of sarcoidosis origin: a case].

This observation reports the case of a rapid paraparesia occurring in a young man. Imaging disclosed a spina tumor. Diagnosis of sarcoidosis leads us to suspect a specific spinal granuloma involvement and to start corticosteroid pulses. Clinical and radiological symptoms improved dramatically.

Adult↗