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Biomedical subjects

B T Rouse

Publications and source records attributed to B T Rouse.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Defense mechanisms against bovine herpesvirus: relationship of virus-host cell events to susceptibility to antibody-complement cell lysis.

The interaction of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and susceptible host cells was examined to determine whether an infected cell could be destroyed by humoral immune mechanisms before or after the transmission of virus to susceptible adjacent cells. Viral antigens were detectable on cell membranes at 6 h postinfection, but cells were not susceptible to antibody-complement lysis until 10 h postinfection. Intracellular infectious virus was also detectable at 10 h postinfection, and transmission to adjacent cells by the intracellular route began at this time. Extracellular virus was not detectable until 12 to 13 h postinfection. By the continual addition of antibody and complement, virus dissemination could be reduced more than 50-fold. These results support the hypothesis that the humoral immune mechanism may be involved in the recovery from herpesvirus infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effect of anti-herpesvirus drugs on human and bovine lymphoid function in vitro.

Lymphocyte proliferative responses to phytohemagglutinin, pokeweed mitogen, and herpesvirus (herpes simplex virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus) antigens were evaluated in the presence of various concentrations of the anti-herpesvirus drugs, methylmethoxydeoxyuridine (OCH3CH2UdR), cytosine arabinoside was inhibitory at 25 mug/ml and cytosine arabinoside was inhibitory OCH3CH2UdR per ml, lymphocyte proliferative responses were unaffected and were not abolished even by concentrations of 2,500 mug/ml. In contrast, adenine arabinocide was inhibitory at 25 mug/ml and cytosine was inhibitory at 5 mug/ml. Both direct and antibody-dependent lymphocyte cytotoxicity of herpesvirus-infected target cells were highly resistant to OCH3CH2UdR; concentrations of 1,000 mug/ml were only marginally inhibitory. The anti-herpesvirus activity of all three drugs is similar (0.5 to 8 mug/ml) (L.A. Babiuk, B. Meldrum, V.S. Gupta, and B. T. Rouse, submitted for publication). The drug OCH3CH2UdR should be given a careful, well-controlled evaluation of its effectiveness in the treatment of herpes simplex infections in animals, perhaps including humans, since our results using in vitro models show that cellular responses important for recovery from herpesvirus infections are unaffected by doses far in excess of those found be be antiviral.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Canine glomerulonephritis: prevalence in dogs submitted at random for euthanasia.

The kidneys from 71 stray dogs submitted for euthanasia were examined by fluorescence microscopy (IF) for evidence of immunecomplex glomerulonephritis (GN) and by histology for evidence of renal pathology. Dogs were divided into three groups according to estimated age: less than one year old (A), adult (B) and aged (C). IgG deposits were found in 0/31 dogs in group A, 6/20 in group B and 10/20 in group C. Diffuse proliferative GN was evident in 0/31, 5/19 and 7/15 dogs in group A, B and C respectively. One dog in group B and two in group C had histological signs of membranous nephropathy. No definite correlation between results of IF and clinical findings were noted and in the aged group the correlation between results of IF and histopathology was poor. These results serve to show that GN may be more common in dogs than previously recognized and that pathological changes may be always accompanied by clinical nephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

Host defense mechanisms against infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus: in vitro stimulation of sensitized lymphocytes by virus antigen.

Isolated peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from cattle immunized or infected with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus were cultured in vitro with ultraviolet light-inactivated IBR virus, and the degree of lymphocyte blastogenesis was quantitated by measurement of the uptake of [(3)H]thymidine into acid-insoluble material. Lymphocyte blastogenesis only occurred with PBL from immunized or infected animals. The optimal conditions for lymphocyte blastogenesis were defined. Blastogenesis was specific since cells from animals immunized against IBR failed to react with two other herpesvirus antigens tested, herpes simplex and equine rhinopneumonitis viruses. Blastogenesis could be prevented by reacting IBR antigen with IBR-specific antibody before adding to cultures, but incorporating IBR-specific antibody in the culture medium after adding free antigen failed to inhibit blastogenesis. With intranasally infected animals, lymphocyte blastogenesis was detectable after 5 days, reached peak levels between days 7 and 10, and then declined to low levels by day 19. In contrast, levels of neutralizing antibody were barely detectable on day 7 and reached maximal concentrations on day 19. The lymphocyte blastogenesis assay was emphasized as a convenient and useful in vitro correlate of cell-mediated immunity that should help define the role of cell-mediated immunity in immunity to herpesviruses.

Animals↗