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Biomedical subjects

B Strauss

Publications and source records attributed to B Strauss.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

[The status of sexuality in routine psychiatric practice--results of a personal survey].

Based upon the observation that aspects of sexuality are rarely considered in psychiatric practice, a questionnaire study was performed to differentially assess the attitudes and experiences of psychiatric staff with this topic. 145 members of different professional groups and several psychiatric in-patient institutions answered the questions. The results of the study indicate for example that sexuality generally is more important in psychiatric institutions than one could have expected according to the psychiatric literature. Stereotypical attitudes concerning the sexual life of psychiatric patients were rare and more frequently found to be unspecific for psychiatry, for example those related to differential meanings of female and male sexuality. A further result of the study showed that sexual knowledge and confidence in handling conversations about sexuality seemed to be less important for the reduction of problems in the staff's reactions to sexually active patients than the possibility to discuss the own uncertainties and their recognition. Generally, the results could serve as a basis for psychiatric staff to facilitate the consideration of sexual matters within their institutions.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Complications in endoscopic and endoscopic biopsy studies--analysis of a 1-year patient sample].

We report on a prospective study of complications in 2,133 bronchoscopies, 61 transthoracic lung biopsies, 32 mediastinoscopies and 6 thoracoscopies, performed between 1985 and 1986. There were no deaths or life threatening complications. The total rate of essential complications, e.g. pneumothorax, haemorrhage, laryngospasm, and bronchospasm of all patients with bronchoscopies was 10.5%. Excluding small endobronchial haemorrhages, without influence on the patients state or endoscopic procedures the final rate of complications was 1.9%.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

[Empirical studies of sexual behavior of psychotic patients--a review].

The review is based upon the observation that the topic of sexuality so far seems to be underrepresented in psychiatric research and practice. The present empirical studies concerning aspects of sexual behavior and experiences of patients with affective and schizophrenic psychoses are summarized in this paper. First, studies related on characteristics of the premorbid sexual behavior of the patient groups are considered. A summary of investigations concerning changes in the sexual life due to the psychiatric illness is divided into results on the changes in the frequency of sexual activities and changes in sexual appetence, results on sexual deviant acts, on sexual activities of psychiatric inpatients, and results on sexual orientation, especially for patients with paranoid symptoms. The review ends with a report of the most important results concerning characteristics of the sexuality specific for the disease and results on the frequency of sexual dysfunctions in different groups of patients. As the review shows, our knowledge about the sexual life of psychiatric patients so far seems very incomplete. More thoroughly performed empirical studies will help to counteract the distribution of stereotypic beliefs.

Drive↗
PubMed1985

Abasic sites from cytosine as termination signals for DNA synthesis.

DNA with abasic sites has been prepared by deamination of cytosine followed by treatment of the product with uracil N-glycosylase. Termination in vitro on such templates does not occur until treatment with uracil N-glycosylase. DNA terminated one base before abasic sites created from C's has been used as a template in "second stage" reactions. With enzymes devoid or deficient in 3' greater than 5' exonuclease activity purines, particularly adenine, are preferentially added opposite the putative abasic site. 2-Aminopurine behaves more like adenine than like guanine in these experiments. Polymerase beta preferentially incorporates A opposite abasic sites produced from T, and G opposite abasic sites produced from C. We have eliminated an obvious artefact (e.g. strand switching) which might account for this observation.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1985

[Unusual etiology of a mediastinal space-occupying lesion].

Casuistic report of an uncommon pseudotumorous mass of the posterior mediastinum with destruction of thoracic vertebrae following a haematogenous spondylitis anterior with paravertebral abscess and spontaneous oesophageal fistula in the course of an osteomyelitis of the left tibia undergone 33 years previously. The differential - diagnostic possibilities are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

[Compact costal islands in the differential diagnosis of small coin lesions in chest x-rays].

The radiological characteristics of 13 costal bone-islands in 12 patients (one patient with bilateral bicostal involvement) are described. The bone-island manifests itself as a small dense coin-lesion following fluoroscopically the respirative movements of the host-rib. X-ray-films and a fluoroscopy confined to the interesting area allow an exact diagnosis. Retrospective analyses of X-ray-films generally reveal an unchanged existence over a long time period. No therapeutic consequences are necessary.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1984

[Effect of psychopharmacologic therapy on sexual functioning].

Undesirable effects of psychopharmacological treatment on sexual functioning in males and females are summarized in this paper. As the review suggests, all substances used in psychiatric pharmacotherapy might affect sexual functions to a marked extent, a fact which can be explained by different properties of the medication. Review of the literature reveals that the disturbances most frequently provoked by the different substances are diminished sexual interest and ejaculatory impairment. This conclusion can be drawn despite a lack of controlled studies giving indication as to the frequency and practical importance of the effects of psychopharmacological treatment on a patients sexuality. Contrary to expectations, sexual impairment in most of the reports is clearly attributable to a special substance and appears to be independent of the basic psychiatric disturbance. One of the most intriguing results of the review is that considerably fewer reports on the effects of the medication on female sexuality have been published than on male patients. Reports on female patients deal with impaired reproductive functioning, mainly menstrual cycle disturbances. The need for systematic investigation of the effects of psychopharmacological treatment on sexuality is discussed on the basis of the theoretical importance of these effects for the individual patient and in view of the fact that psychotropic medication is frequently prescribed to patients with sexual dysfunctions or deviations without knowledge of the actual effects of the substances on sexual behaviour.

Anti-Anxiety Agents↗
PubMed1984

Effects of antiandrogen treatment on the sexuality of women with hyperandrogenism.

Although one can reasonably infer that antiandrogens are likely to have a marked negative impact on female sexual responsiveness, the side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA) treatment in hirsute women have been neglected in previous studies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychosexual situation of 61 hirsute women before and under hormonal treatment. 21% of the hirsute women were diagnosed as having been sexually dysfunctional before starting hormonal treatment. 44% of the women under antiandrogen treatment reported that their sexual enjoyment was impaired due to the hormonal treatment. Taking into account only those women living in a stable partnership, the percentage goes up to 61%. The conclusion from these results is to give a more detailed account of the possible side effects to the women involved in CPA treatment.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1984

[Psychotropic drug-induced changes in sexuality--frequency and relevance in psychiatric practice].

As a review of the literature concerning sexual side effects of psychotropic drugs in psychiatric patients reveals, sexual disturbances (such as erectile or orgasmic dysfunctions) seem to be a common consequence of psychopharmacological treatment. The frequency and relevance of these effects in psychiatric practice were estimated in a questionnaire study with 68 psychiatrists, working either in a practice or a clinic. According to the physicians answers, few patients report sexual side effects of drugs spontaneously, through these are supposed to be more common. Different kinds of sexual impairment are reported as specific effects of the drugs. As the physicians assume these effects generally provide a problem, both for the patients self-esteem as well as for treatment and compliance. Based on the psychiatrists experience patients are in a surprisingly good position to differentiate between the influences of their basic illness and a specific medication as far as sexual changes are concerned. One part of the questionnaire asked for the observed effects of specific psychotropic substances on sexual behaviour. The results support the evidence reported in the literature that neuroleptics and antidepressants are most likely to provoke sexual impairment. The results of the study are discussed in relation to the theoretical relevance of sexual side effects for the patient and the treatment and to the possibilities of a psychiatrist to prepare and inform his patient.

Adult↗