Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Simon

Publications and source records attributed to B Simon.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Administration of ranitidine once in the evening for several weeks: effect on acidity and basal hormone levels in normal subjects].

The effects of ranitidine (300 mg at night) on gastric acid secretion as well as on basal hormone levels (testosterone, prolactin, dehydro-epiandrosterone etc.) were assessed in 9 healthy volunteers before, during and after a 28-day treatment. On day 29, i.e. 12 h after the last ranitidine dose, basal and stimulated acid secretion was only slightly reduced by some 14 and 12%, respectively. On day 35, gastric acid output had returned to pretreatment values. There were no signs of a rebound phenomenon. Basal levels of prolactin, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone etc. were unchanged by 28-day ranitidine treatment. Ranitidine 300 mg at night may, therefore, be used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease without any negative effect on human gastric acid secretion and basal hormone levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Protective effect of two antacids in acute acetylsalicylic acid-induced injuries to the human gastric mucosa].

The present study deals with the protective effect of a pretreatment period with antacids (preparation A = gastropulgit) 50; 1 bag with suspension corresponding to 12.5 g contains: 1 g attapulgite, 1.8 g aluminium hydroxide-magnesium carbonate gel and 0.7 g sorbitol. Reference preparation B = commercial product; 1 bag with suspension corresponding to 10 ml contains: 600 mg magnesium hydroxide and 9 g aluminium hydroxide gel) on the acute acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-induced lesions of gastric mucosa in man. 8 healthy volunteers received in a double-blind crossover design 1 or 2 bags of the antacids or placebo 15 min prior to 1500 mg p.o. of ASA. Endoscopy was performed 2 h later. In the placebo experiments ASA caused severe lesions in all volunteers (placebo values, study with preparation A: 2.9 +/- 0.1; study with preparation B: 2.8 +/- 0.2). Pretreatment with either one bag reduced the ASA-injuries to 2.2 +/- 0.3) (preparation A) and 2.1 +/- 0.3 (preparation B) (not significant compared with placebo). By contrast, a significant protection of human gastric mucosa against ASA could be achieved with 2 bags of preparation A, but not with 2 bags of preparation B (1.5 +/- 0.3, p less than 0.05; 1.9 +/- 0.3, p less than 0.05). The majority of the volunteers reported less discomfort evoked by ASA under the higher antacid doses.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The gastric tolerance of proglumetacin in man: comparison with indomethacin].

In healthy volunteers the effect of proglumetacin (Protaxon) on different functions of gastric and duodenal mucosa has been compared with that of indometacin in double-blind cross-over design. Pretreatment with 150 mg proglumetacin t.i.d. and 50 mg indometacin t.i.d. did not affect both human acid secretion as well as gastric microbleeding rate. Whereas treatment with 50 mg indometacin t.i.d. over 6 days induced gastric mucosal injury by about 2.4 +/- 0.25--as evaluated endoscopically--significantly lesser changes were seen following 150 mg proglumetacin t.i.d. (1.13 +/- 0.13) (p less than 0.001).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Antisecretory and mucosa-protecting drugs in the acute care of peptic ulcer. Review of action principles, healing rates and side effects of approved ulcer drugs and drugs under clinical trial].

Peptic ulcers can be treated successfully with antisecretory drugs and drugs which have a protective effect. Thanks to their good tolerance and a form of administration acceptable to patients, the H2-receptor antagonists have won a leading position amongst the other ulcer therapeutics. It remains to be seen whether the substituted benzimidazoles will develop into a serious competitor. Until now the clinical experiences with the prostaglandins in the treatment of ulcers are not very encouraging.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Human acid secretion during daily administration of H2-blockers].

The potency and duration of a single dose of ranitidine and famotidine were compared in placebo-controlled studies. In addition, the effect of a single night-time dose of famotidine (40 mg) on gastric acid secretion and basal hormone levels was assessed before, during and after a 28-day treatment. Basal acid secretion was depressed by about 73% and 76% 12 hours after 300 mg ranitidine and 40 mg famotidine respectively. Pentagastrin-stimulated acid output was reduced by about 26% and 29%. 20 hours after both drugs, basal secretion was still inhibited by about 60%, whereas no effect on stimulated acid secretion could be detected. Nocturnal gastric acidity (23.00-07.00) was inhibited from 35.8 +/- 4.6 mmol/l to 1.8 +/- 0.5 mmol/l (94% inhibition) by 40 mg bedtime famotidine , and to 1.7 +/- 0.5 mmol/l (95% inhibition) by 300 mg ranitidine. Both drugs significantly reduced H+ concentrations during the following day. On day 29, i.e. 12 hours after the last famotidine dose, basal and stimulated acid secretion was reduced by some 50% and 26% respectively. On day 35, gastric acid output had returned to pretreatment values. Basal levels of prolactin, testosterone etc. were unchanged by 28-day famotidine treatment. Rantidine and famotidine may therefore be used as a single night-time dose in the acute treatment of peptic ulcer disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Percutaneous transtracheal ventilation in a canine shock model with an open thorax.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of percutaneous transtracheal ventilation (PTV) in a canine shock model. Five mongrel dogs (25 to 35 kg), splenectomized two weeks prior to study, were anesthetized (pentobarbital, 22 mg/kg) and bled to and sustained at a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 20 mm Hg for 60 minutes. Ringer's lactate was infused and the descending thoracic aorta was cross-clamped. Simultaneously, PTV was begun with 60% O2 through the cricothyroid membrane. Hemodynamic measurements and arterial blood gases were obtained at 0, 5, 15, and 30 minutes following the initiation of PTV. Orotracheal ventilation was then instituted in place of PTV and continued for 30 minutes, and measurements were repeated. Auto-transfusion was also begun at this time. During PTV, PO2 and PCO2 were adequate in all dogs at each interval. We conclude that PTV provides effective oxygenation and ventilation in dogs subjected to profound shock, thoractomy, and thoracic aortic cross-clamp.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Comparative study of the effect of famotidine and cimetidine on antipyrine pharmacokinetics in the human].

In a randomized order the pharmacokinetics of antipyrine were studied following a 5 days treatment period with placebo, 1000 mg cimetidine and 40 mg famotidine daily, respectively in 7 healthy volunteers. In contrast to cimetidine, famotidine did not significantly affect the disposition of antipyrine in these subjects. Famotidine like the other guanidino-thiazole containing compound tiotidine appears to be free from this unwanted effect on drug metabolism in the liver.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Antisecretory and protective properties of prostaglandin analogues in man.

Several prostaglandins inhibit gastric acid secretion and prevent ulcer formation in animals by mechanisms that are independent from each other. Little is known about these properties in humans. The effects of 16,16-dimethyl-prostaglandin E2 and the thiaprostaglandin E2 EMD 33 290 were tested on basal acid secretion as well as on the aspirin- and bile salt-induced fall of gastric transmucosal potential difference in man. 16,16-dm PGE2 and EMD 33 290 prevented the drop in gastric potential difference caused by 1000 mg aspirin or 50 ml of 4 mmol/l Na-taurocholate. The protective doses against aspirin were 0.1 microgram and 50 micrograms for 16,16-dm PGE, and EMD 33 290 respectively. Against Na-taurocholate, doses of 1.0 microgram and 250 micrograms were effective. By contrast, 20-100 times higher doses of both prostaglandin analogues were necessary to inhibit gastric acid secretion. Half maximal inhibition of basal acid output was achieved by 0.1 microgram/kg b.w. of 16,16-dm PGE2 and by 28 micrograms/kg b.w. EMD 33 290. In analogy to animal findings, antisecretory prostaglandins protect the human stomach against aspirin and bile salts in doses which are much smaller than the threshold antisecretory ones.

16,16-Dimethylprostaglandin E2↗
PubMed1984

[4 weeks' administration of omeprazole: effect on acid behavior and basal hormone levels].

We have assessed the effect of omeprazole (30 mg daily) on gastric acid secretion as well as on basal hormone levels (fasting gastrin; TSH, T3, T4, TBG; insulin, glucagon, C-peptide; prolactin, testosterone, 17-beta-oestradiol, dihydroepiandrosterone, cortisol and PTH) in 8 healthy volunteers before and after a 28 day treatment. On day 29, i. e. one day after the last omeprazole dose, mean stimulated acid output was still reduced from 27.4 +/- 3.5 mmol H+/h (+/- SEM) to 7.8 +/- 1.4 mmol H+/h (72% inhibition). Fasting gastrin levels were raised from 55.5 +/- 6.8 pg/ml to 80.9 +/- 6.7 pg/ml (33% increase). On day 39, stimulated gastric acid secretion and fasting gastrin levels have been returned to pretreatment values. Basal levels of prolactin, testosterone, TSH, T3, T4, TBG, cortisol, PTH, 17-beta-oestradiol, insulin, glucagon, c-peptide, dihydroepiandrosterone remained unchanged by a 28-day omeprazole treatment. Omeprazole is a highly effective antisecretory compound without any effect on the basal hormone levels tested. Even after 28 days its effect on acid secretion and fasting gastrin levels was fully reversible.

Adult↗