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Biomedical subjects

B Shohat

Publications and source records attributed to B Shohat.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

B and T lymphocytes in lymphoproliferative diseases of the skin. Effect of a thymic hormone on the immunocompetence of T lymphocytes.

Cell-mediated immunity using the E-rosette technique, the graft-versus-host reaction and intradermal skin tests were investigated in two groups of patients, twenty-two with benign lymphoproliferative diseases of the skin (lymphocytic infiltration of the skin and lymphadenosis benigna cutis) and nine with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases (mycosis fungoides and lymphoma cutis). The effect of thymic hormone upon T lymphocytes which proved to have impaired functional capacity was investigated. Seventeen of the twenty-two patients with benign lymphoproliferative diseases were found to have intact cellular immunity whereas seven of the nine patients with malignant disease proved to be immunodeficient. The determination of immune competence may be of help in establishing the correct diagnosis in doubtful cases and might also be useful in the follow-up of these patients. The improvement in functional capacity of T lymphocytes resulting from their interaction with a thymic hormone indicates that it holds therapeutic promise.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

The local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction as a clinical test for immunocompetence of human T lymphocytes.

Studies carried out in our laboratory during the years indicated that the local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) might serve as a useful clinical assay of the immunocompetence of human T lymphocytes. Additional studies were therefore carried out using purified populations of B, T and null cells as well as normal mononuclear cell populations, so as to determine the nature of the cells responsible for induction of the reaction and further delineate the factors capable of modifying this pattern of reactivity. Populations of T cells alone gave the largest reaction whereas both B cells from patients with chronic lymphatic leukemia and null cells from patients with acute lymphatic leukemia failed completely to induce a GVHR. The addition of anti-T-lymphocytic serum abolished the reaction, providing further proof of the role played by T lymphocytes. Thymic hormone (THF) was found to enhance the reaction when applied both in vivo and in vitro. The immunostimulatory agents transfer factor and levamisole also enhanced the GVHR obtained with normal mononuclear cells. Cytoxan was found to have an enhancing effect at low doses and an inhibiting effect at high doses. Trypsin also acted to abolish the GVHR. The combination of two populations of normal mononuclears always gave a larger GVHR, indicating allogeneic antigen stimulation. Depletion of the monocytes from the population of normal mononuclears resulted in a smaller reaction, providing further evidence that monocytes are required for T-lymphocyte antigen-induced reactivity. On the basis of these findings it is proposed that the local xenogeneic GVHR is a useful clinical test for the measurement of immunocompetence of T lymphocytes, for the differential diagnosis of leukemias and for the determination of the effectiveness of THF.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Widely disseminated cutaneous candidosis in adults.

Of 9 adults, 5 males, 4 females, with wide dissemination of Candida albicans skin lesions, the eruption started in the groin, from which it spread to other areas in most cases. In 5 cases the disseminated lesions were papulo-pustular; the rest were erythematous-squamous. Hyphae and yeast cells of C. albicans were found on direct microscopy. Diabetes was present in 5 patients, lymphoma in 1, and bullous pemphigoid in another. Onychia and paronychia were found in 7 patients, intertriginous lesions of the fingers in 4 and oral thrush in 2. Intradermal skin tests were negative. The percentage and absolute numbers of T-lymphocytes were normal in 6 of 7 patients, whereas their functional activity was imparied in 4 of 6 patients, as evidenced by the negative Graft-versus host reaction. The role of concurrent disease in the pathogenesis of the candidosis is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Trichophytosis by double infection of Trichophyton schoenleinii and Trichophyton violaceum.

Chronic generalized trichophytosis in a 44-year-old female is reported. The disease began when she was 15 and gradually spread from the scalp. Surviving hairs on the scalp and eyebrows showed an endothrix invasion. Enlargement and fistulization of the cervical and axillary lymph nodes were also present. Trichophyton schoenleinii was cultured from the scalp while Trichophyton violaceum was isolated from the body skin, the nail and lymph nodes. Griseofulvin produced significant improvement with occasional relapses. The possible role of the basic cell-mediated immune defect, as revealed by the decreased number of the T and B cells, is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Immunological profile in sarcoidosis patients. The in vitro and in vivo effect of thymic humoral factor.

A study was made of the lymphocytes obtained from 25 patients suffering from sarcoidosis as proved by the Kveim-Siltzbach test and/or organ biopsy. The number of T lymphocytes was determined by the E rosette technique and functional activity by a local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) as well as skin tests with PPD, SK-SD, Candida and Trichophyton. In most cases the absolute number of T cells was low and there was an evident impairment of their functional activity. There was also a clear correlation between the severity of impairment of cell-mediated immunity and the clinical stage and activity of the disease. In vitro incubation of the lymphocytes with thymic humoral factor resulted in recovery of the functional activity of the T lymphocytes of 4 of the 7 patients tested, with the previously negative GVHR becoming positive. One of these patients was treated with thymic humoral factor with a resulting restoration of the cell-mediated immune response although there was no evident clinical improvement.

Graft vs Host Reaction↗
PubMed1978

Thymic humoral factor in the assessment of T lymphocytics in a patient with T cell chronic lymphocyte leukemia.

Peripheral blood lymphocytes from a patient with T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia were examined by a combination of cell markers (E and M rosettes, and surface Ig), the graft-vs.-host reaction, thymic humoral factor (THF) and scanning electron microscopy. It was not possible, at first, to determine by conventional methods whether the leukemic cells were of the B or T type, but the THF and graft-vs.-host reaction showed that T cell precursors were present. These cells were incompetent immature T cells that underwent maturation following treatment with THF. Three months later, the T cell nature of the disease was clearly demonstrated by the E rosette technique, although at this time the cells were no longer influenced by THF.

Female↗