[Peripheral blood T cell subpopulations and blocking antibodies in renal allograft recipients].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
B Shohat
Publications and source records attributed to B Shohat.
Blocking antibodies and T cell subsets in long-term survivors of renal allografts.
Fc-receptor blocking antibodies as well as T cell subsets were studied in a group of 12 long-term survivors of renal allografts. The absolute number of T suppressor cells was similar to that found in a control group, but there was a significant decrease in the total number of T helper lymphocytes and a decreased helper/suppressor ratio. Sera from all patients tested showed inhibitory activity in the erythrocyte antibody model against leukemic B lymphocytes, demonstrating the presence of Fc-receptor blocking antibodies. Also inhibited was the ability of normal human lymphocytes to form E rosettes and to induce a local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction. These findings indicate that the Fc blocking antibodies are beneficial to the patient, possibly by abrogating the cellular and humoral immune mechanism that is detrimental to the kidney allograft.
Adult↗
Generalized vitiligo following Sézary syndrome.
A patient with Sézary syndrome is reported in whom generalized vitiligo occurred. This is, to our knowledge, the first patient reported with vitiligo following T cell cutaneous lymphoma.
Humans↗
Theophylline-induced alterations in cellular immunity in asthmatic patients.
Twenty patients with bronchial asthma, on long-term oral therapy with theophylline, demonstrated an increased number of suppressor T-cells and impaired graft vs host reaction. Ten asthmatics on other therapy, not including theophylline, as well as ten normal healthy controls, failed to show similar findings. Elimination of suppressor T-cells corrected the above immunological abnormalities in the theophylline-treated patients, while addition of serum from theophylline-treated asthmatic patients to lymphocytes from normal healthy controls, affected the graft vs host reaction of these lymphocytes. We conclude that theophylline induces quantitative as well as qualitative immunological alterations by increasing the number and activity of suppressor T-cells, which most probably secrete a serum factor, responsible for some of the abnormalities observed.
Adolescent↗
Decreased semen quality in a male infected with malaria.
A 33-year-old male of proven fertility suffered six attacks of malaria while resident in an African country. For this he received anti-malarial drugs. Semen analysis performed after the fourth attack, and repeated during the following 2 years after his return to Israel, revealed severe oligozoospermia, necrozoospermia and occasionally even azoospermia. Immunological examination of the patient revealed an inverse ratio of T-cell subsets and mast cell degranulation in response to palludrin. Twenty-five months after the last attack of malaria a significant improvement was found in semen quality and there was an increase in the ratio of T-helper to T-suppressor cytotoxic cells. These observations indicate that although malaria and its treatment may affect spermatogenesis, recovery may be expected eventually.
Adult↗
T cell subsets in children with mumps meningitis.
Nineteen children with mumps meningitis were investigated. Peripheral blood T cell subset function and number were tested during the acute phase of meningitis and again when the children recovered. No significant difference in the total number of T cells, or T helper: suppressor lymphocyte cell ratio was found in the children with mumps meningitis as compared with the controls. However, a significant increase in the number of T suppressor/cytotoxic cells in the peripheral blood of children with mumps meningitis in the acute phase was found. This increase in the T suppressor subset was still present even after the children recovered from the disease. Two children who showed deafness had the highest increases in the T suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocyte subset. Functional analysis of T suppressor cell activity demonstrated a significant suppressive activity of lymphocytes obtained during the acute phase of the disease. However, after recovery the suppressive activity found was not significant (P greater than or equal to 0.1).
Child↗
Cellular immune aspects of the human fetal-maternal relationship.
In the present study the number and the function of T lymphocytes obtained from peripheral blood of 35 mothers immediately after delivery and from the cord blood of the respective newborns were tested. Furthermore, the effect of the newborns' lymphocytes on the immunological competence of the mothers' lymphocytes was investigated by means of graft-versus-host-reaction xenograft test. The blood of 14 of the mothers and their newborns was also examined by monoclonal antibodies for determination of T helper and T suppressor lymphocytes. A marked reduction in the absolute number of T helper cells was found in the blood of mothers after delivery. In addition, mothers' lymphocytes manifested a high suppressor activity when added to normal human lymphocytes. It was also found that the cord blood contains lower number and percentage of T suppressor cells. Yet the T cells of the cord blood exert a high suppressor activity on the mother as well as on normal donor lymphocytes. The impaired function of cord blood lymphocytes could be impaired function of cord blood lymphocytes could be restored by in vitro addition of THF, a thymic hormone.
Female↗
Oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and sperm abnormalities in ex-addict to heroin, morphine, and hashish.
A 40-year-old male had been addicted to heroin, morphine, hashish, and other narcotics for 12 years. At examination, 2 years after abstinence from drugs, his semen analysis revealed oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and morphologically abnormal spermatozoa such as "round-headed" and "kinked"--sperm with neck abnormalities and immature forms. There was no evidence of other morphological abnormalities or of the presence of morphologically normal sperm. A possible correlation is discussed between the long-lasting drug addiction and morphological sperm abnormality, endocrinological function, karyotype, and immunological status.
Adult↗
Cellular immunity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Israel: effects of THF, a thymic hormone in vitro.
Markers and functions of T cell subsets were studied in 3 Israeli males suffering from AIDS, two of whom were homosexuals and one heterosexual developing AIDS after a coronary bypass operation followed by multiple blood transfusions. Two healthy homosexual partners of one of the AIDS patients were also studied. Sera from these individuals were also tested for suppressive activity on control normal donor lymphocytes. Monitoring of T-cell subsets during a period of 3-12 months demonstrated a reversed T helper: T suppressor ratio in the 3 AIDS patients and in one of the healthy homosexuals. Addition of AIDS sera to normal T helper cells abolished the helper activity whereas its addition to normal isolated T suppressor cells enhanced the suppressor activity. Incubation of the patients lymphocytes with THF, a calf thymus hormone, restored the impaired helper cell activity. A suppressor factor unrelated to acid labile interferon was demonstrated in the sera of the AIDS patients but was not found in the sera of the healthy homosexuals. THF neutralized the suppressor effect of this serum factor when tested on normal lymphocytes.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
A mouse ear reaction for assessment of human lymphocyte immunocompetence.
A mouse ear reaction for testing cell mediated immunity of human lymphocytes using the local graft-versus-host reaction assay is described. Five million human mononuclears were locally injected into the ears of immune suppressed NZW mice. The reaction mounted was quantitated by determining the 125I-Iodo-Deoxyuridine (125I-UdR) incorporation in both ears. The ratio of 125I-UdR incorporation, of the injected to that of the non-injected ear (GVHR index), 7 days after lymphocyte injection, served as an accurate measure for the extent of the reaction. Only normal human mononuclears and purified, separated normal human T lymphocytes mounted a local graft-versus-host reaction. Whereas normal human B lymphocytes, chronic lymphatic leukemia B lymphocytes, mononuclears from patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, irradiated normal human mononuclears, mouse syngeneic mononuclears, or human erythrocytes gave no positive reaction. These experiments demonstrate that this assay can be used to quantitate an in-vivo specific graft-versus-host reaction.
Animals↗
Hemophagocytosis simulating malignant histiocytosis: a terminal event of the myelodysplastic syndrome.
We describe a patient with hemophagocytic syndrome resembling malignant histiocytosis which was complicating myelodysplastic disease of 3 years duration. Detailed morphological and ultrastructural studies indicate that the histiocytic component did not demonstrate features of malignancy. A review of other known malignancies ending up in the hemophagocytic syndrome is given, and the significance of this syndrome is discussed.
Aged↗
In vitro induction of T-suppressor lymphocytes by THF, a thymic hormone, in psoriatic children.
T-lymphocyte number and function as well as the effect of a thymic hormone on the T-suppressor cell subset were studied in 22 children suffering from psoriasis vulgaris, subdivided into two groups, those with less than 20% of total skin area involved and those with more than 20% of involvement. The T-cell number was lower in the latter group than it was in the first group or in normal controls. There was no significant difference in the functional activity of T cells in the two groups of patients. The number of T-suppressor cells was significantly lower in the psoriatic children than in normal controls, being lowest in the children showing greater skin involvement. THF, a thymic hormone isolated from calves, was found in vitro to induce T-suppressor cells in the peripheral blood of the psoriatic children, suggesting that this hormone may be able to play a role in the treatment of this disease.
Adolescent↗
Modulation of T-cell subsets in asthmatic children by THF, a thymic hormone.
Induction of theophylline-sensitive T-suppressor cells with THF, a thymic hormone, resulted in elevation of the low levels of these lymphocytes in non-treated asthmatic children. Evaluation, however, by monoclonal OKT8 antibodies did not show changes in the levels of the OKT8+ cells after THF incubation. In the treated asthmatic children, normal levels of theophylline-sensitive T-suppressor cells as well as OKT8+ cells were found. These normal levels were not changed with THF after in vitro incubation.
Adolescent↗
T cell subsets in renal transplanted patients defined by theophylline sensitivity and monoclonal antibodies.
Peripheral T cell subsets were determined in 26 patients after renal transplantation. Thirteen patients were undergoing acute rejection episodes at the time of blood sampling. Two methods were used for the determinations: the theophylline sensitivity test (THST) and the monoclonal antibodies method OKT8 and OKT4. In both rejecting and non-rejecting groups, the percentages of T suppressor lymphocytes (TS) was found to be higher by the OKT8 method than by the THST. Furthermore, no significant difference in TS percentages could be revealed by the OKT8 method between the two groups. However, with the THST the differences were significant with a mean value of 13.5 +/- 7.9 per cent in the rejecting group and 21 +/- 5.9 per cent in the non-rejecting group (p less than 0.01). The different results between the two methods could be attributed to the fact that by THST only TS cells are defined while the OKT8 conjugates also with cytotoxic T lymphocytes. The measuring of T helper cells (TH) revealed much higher percentages of TH in the rejecting group than in the non-rejecting group, 51 +/- 9.5 per cent mean value and 29 +/- 13 per cent mean value, respectively (p less than 0.05). The ratio OKT4+/OKT8+ was below one in the non-rejecting group and above 1.5 in the rejecting group. We concluded that the THST as well as OKT4+/OKT8+ ratio may be a helpful laboratory test to confirm a clinically suspected acute rejection episode.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Immune modulation of a T-suppressor cell lymphoma by thymic humoral factor, a thymic hormone.
Lymphoid cells obtained from a mediastinal mass and bone marrow as well as peripheral blood of a patient with poorly differentiated diffuse malignant lymphoma were found to have both E and complement receptors. Addition of the bone marrow lymphoblasts to normal human T-lymphocytes induced a suppression of normal T functional activity as measured by a local xenogeneic graft versus host reaction. Incubation of the same cells with thymic humoral factor (THF), a thymic hormone, reversed their functional activity from suppression to help. Control studies with normal T-suppressor lymphocytes also showed a reversal of function to helper activity upon incubation with THF. In studies of normal T-lymphocytes with monoclonal antibodies, incubation with THF induced no change in phenotype in either theophylline-sensitive (suppressor) cells or theophylline-resistant (helper) cells. The ability of THF to modulate helper and suppressor activities suggests that this or similar agents may provide a useful means of therapy for disorders of immunoregulation.
Adult↗
AIDS after coronary bypass surgery.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Adenosine deaminase activity in lymphocyte subpopulations of B-16 melanoma and normal C57BL bearing mice.
The activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) was measured in thymus and spleen subpopulations separated by peanut agglutinin (PNA) of melanoma B-16 C57BL bearing mice and normal age-matched C57BL mice. Groups of 10 mice were used each time and the experiments were repeated 6 times. The adenosine deaminase activity in the PNA+ thymocytes of B-16 bearing mice was about 2.5 times lower than that of the normal C57BL mice while the ADA activity in the PNA+ fraction of spleen of the B-16 melanoma bearing mice was 2.5 times higher. These results demonstrate that the tumor burden probably induces a different redistribution and traffic of lymphocytes from one lymphopoietic organ to another. This traffic can also explain the thymus involution and spleen enlargement found in the B-16 mice.
Adenosine Deaminase↗
Reduced graft-versus-host reaction of T cells in Kaposi's sarcoma: a possible prognostic indicator.
In 20 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) the level of B and T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood, as well as the function of T cells measured by the graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR), were investigated. Analysis of the results regarding the distribution of skin lesions showed that the mean GVHR was within normal range in 13 patients in whom the lesions were confined to the distal portions of the extremities. In 7 patients, who demonstrated generalized distribution of the eruption, the mean GVHR was significantly lower in comparison with the control group. In view of our results we may conclude that cellular immunity is impaired in KS patients with generalized distribution. Testing T cell function is recommended as a possible prognostic indicator.
Adult↗