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Biomedical subjects

B Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to B Schmidt.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

McArdle's disease in two generations: autosomal recessive transmission with manifesting heterozygote.

A 17-year-old boy had exercise-induced cramps and myoglobinuria. The mother had myalgia and weakness after exercise but the father was asymptomatic. Muscle biopsy was normal in the father but showed glycogen storage and absent or markedly decreased histochemical stain for phosphorylase in mother and son. Autosomal dominant McArdle's disease was considered likely, but biochemical studies showed that muscle phosphorylase activity was 0.6% of normal in the son, 20% in the mother, and 45% in the father, with corresponding decreases of cross-reacting material by immunotitration. These data suggest autosomal recessive transmission. One of the parents was clinically silent and the other was a manifesting heterozygote.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Results of curative high-voltage irradiation of prostatic cancer].

The results of percutaneous irradiation of 111 patients with prostatic carcinomas during the years from 1974 through 1984 are retrospectively analyzed. A 8 MV X-radiation was applied in form of a moving field therapy charging the prostatic bed with a dose of 67.5 Gy in the 90% isodose enclosing the tumor; the regional lymph nodes were exposed to a total dose of 40 to 50 Gy. CT irradiation planning was used since 1976. All patients showing metastases received endocrine treatment or a cytostatic therapy. The corrected probability of a 10 year survival is 88% for a collective of carcinomas mainly limited to the capsula. Local recurrences were found in 2.7% and local recurrences accompanied by formation of metastases in 5.4% of cases. 12% of the patients showed chronic radiogenic side effects. The influence exerted on the survival curves by tumor stage, histological grade as well as other prognostic factors is discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[The induction of sister chromatid exchange by diethylstilbestrol and mitomycin C in lymphocytes of mothers and their newborn infants].

Lymphocytes of mothers and their newborn infants were treated with varying concentrations of diethylstilbestrol (10(-6) M, 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M) and mitomycin C (0.003, 0.009 and 0.03 microgram/ml), and the incidence of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) was determined. The results showed that the spontaneous SCE rate in the newborns is less than that of their mothers. A dose-related increase in SCEs was observed in cells exposed to the alkylating chemical mitomycin C, while increases in SCEs were not noted in cultures exposed to diethylstilbestrol. No different susceptibilities of lymphocytes from mothers and newborns to the chemical induction were observed.

Diethylstilbestrol↗
PubMed1987

A clinical study on different cellulosic dialysis membranes.

A controlled clinical study was performed over a period of 8 weeks in two dialysis centres (Rostock, GDR, and Munich, FRG). The aim was to compare a dialysis membrane made of modified cellulose (Hemophan) with classical regenerated cellulose (Cuprophan). Dialysers containing these membranes, together with a cellulose acetate dialyser, were therefore incorporated in a cross-over programme and clinical and biochemical investigations undertaken. The efficacy of the modified cellulosic membrane with respect to urea and creatinine clearance was shown to be comparable to that of regenerated cellulose and cellulose acetate. However, modified cellulose showed an increased clearance for inorganic phosphate, significantly different from that demonstrated by both regenerated cellulose and cellulose acetate. Blood compatibility studies, which included the assessment of C3a activation and the reduction of white blood cell (WBC) and platelet count, clearly demonstrated that in comparison to regenerated cellulose, modified cellulose resulted in significantly less complement activation and WBC reduction. Similarly in comparison to cellulose acetate, modified cellulose showed reduced complement-activating and WBC-reducing properties. The reason for the improved blood compatibility of modified cellulose is not, as was originally assumed, related to binding of complement-inhibiting heparin, but appears instead to be due to the substitution of hydroxyl groups of regenerated cellulose.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1987

Breathing pattern during exercise in myopathic subjects.

Previous studies have described a neurogenic-induced ventilatory tachypneic response during exercise. The present paper compares the breathing pattern of control and myopathic human subjects submitted to exercise. Peripheral neurogenic stimuli (PNS) at the same level of oxygen consumption should be enhanced in myopathic subjects as a consequence of muscular mass loss. Myopathic individuals showed hyperventilation (increased VeO2 and VeCO2) which was mostly due to higher respiratory frequency. The shorter respiratory cycle was due chiefly to Te reduction, since the Ti/TTOT ratio was greater in the myopathic individuals for a VO2 of 1 L. These results are in agreement with previous studies in anesthetized dogs and in unanesthetized humans in which a tachypneic mechanism associated to the relative work load was observed. These results also suggest that PNS may have a facilitatory effect upon the inspiratory off switch mechanism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Cardiorespiratory responses to exercise in patients with spinal muscular atrophy and limb-girdle dystrophy.

Maximum oxygen consumption, maximum heart rate and maximum ventilation during cycle ergometer exercise were studied in individuals with spinal muscular atrophy (N = 8) and limb-girdle dystrophy (N = 8). The limiting factors in aerobic power may be related to loss of functional muscular mass rather than to changes in the oxygen transport system. There was no correlation between VO2 max values and muscle strength as determined by a manual test of the affected muscles recruited for bicycle exercise. The results, therefore, do not support the possibility of a correlation between these indices previously proposed on the basis of clinical evidence.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Radiation treatment of plastic induration of the penis].

Between 1969 and 1984, a group of 54 patients with plastic induration of the penis was treated at the Medical Radiation Institute of the University of Tübingen. During the first years conventional X-ray irradiation was applied, and since 1974 patients were submitted to 3 or 5 MeV electron irradiation of a linear accelerator, until a total focal dose of 20 Gy was accumulated. 78% of these patients were between 50 and 60 years old. Sixteen patients suffered from a simultaneous Dupuytren contracture, one patient had a fibrosis of mamma virilis. The treatment results reached from satisfactory until very good in 69% of all cases. Complete regression or a considerable improvement was obtained for indurations in 59%, for deviations in 69%, and for erection algesia in 79%. Radiogenic damages can be excluded in case of a gonad exposition of 0.2 Gy. There were no permanent cutaneous lesions after a total focal dose of 20 Gy. The prognostic importance of an early treatment is underlined; late stages presenting ossifications can be treated only by surgery. For routine diagnosis of site, extent, and possible mineralization of the regions involved, soft ray phallography performed with the technique of mammography can be used.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[High-dose preoperative radiotherapy of primary inoperable oropharyngeal cancer].

Despite the great progress made by tumor therapy in recent years, it has not yet been possible to obtain a decisive improvement in the five-year survival of about 20% and the five-year recurrence-free survival of about 30% of patients suffering from advanced T3 oropharynx carcinomas. A new way to improve the poor prognosis of these patients is only offered by the possibilities of modern radiotherapy with ultrahard X-radiation as well as by the progress of microsurgery. Up to now, the recurrence-free survival of our patient's group suffering from primarily inoperable T3 oropharynx carcinomas has reached 60% (increase of about 40%). This was achieved by preoperative high-dose irradiation and subsequent implantation of myocutaneous skin flaps with the vascular bundle supplying the flap with blood. As is shown by the communications of literature and our own experience, about 80% of all recurrences will appear within the first 24 months after the end of therapy. In our preoperatively high-dose irradiated group, the observation period is meanwhile 48 months, and the recurrence-free survival is still by 40% higher than that of the control groups. Although a new formation of local recurrences cannot be excluded for the further observation time and despite the small number of patients, the rate of recurrence-free patients suffering from tumors of stage T3N+ signifies a most promising therapeutic approach.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1987

[Preoperative short-term irradiation in rectal cancer].

From 1979 through 1983, 78 patients underwent short-term preirradiation before primary operation for rectal carcinoma at the Medical Radiation Institute of Tübingen. A hyperfractionated total dose of 16 Gy was applied within a maximum time of 36 hours in four fractions of 4 Gy each. Surgery was performed at the last irradiation day. The medium observation time of the total group of patients was five years and three months, at least 40 months. The local recurrence rate of all patients followed up is 9% (7/78), for stage Dukes A it is 6% (2/32), for stage Dukes B 0%(0/25), for stage Dukes C 27% (3/11), and for stage Dukes D 20% (2/10). In the group of 68 patients showing no metastases at the moment of surgery, the rate of formation of remote metastases amounts to 21%, in stage Dukes A to 13% (4/32), in stage Dukes B to 24% (6/25), and in stage Dukes C to 36% (4/11). The relapse-free survival during the follow-up period is 66% (45/68), for stage Dukes A 69% (22/32), for stage Dukes B 68% (17/25), and for stage Dukes C 55% (6/11). There were no acute or late radiogenic complications. Compared to publications about cases treated only by surgery, the present preirradiated patient's group shows a considerable lower local recurrence rate and an increased relapse-free survival rate. These improved treatment results are probably due to preoperative irradiation. The incidence of perioperative complications was not increased by preoperative irradiation.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Transport into mitochondria and intramitochondrial sorting of the Fe/S protein of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase.

The Fe/S protein of complex III is encoded by a nuclear gene, synthesized in the cytoplasm as a precursor with a 32 residue amino-terminal extension, and transported to the outer surface of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Our data suggest the following transport pathway. First, the precursor is translocated via translocation contact sites into the matrix. There, cleavage to an intermediate containing an eight residue extension occurs. The intermediate is then redirected across the inner membrane, processed to the mature subunit, and assembled into complex III. We suggest that the folding and membrane-translocation pathway in the endosymbiotic ancestor of mitochondria has been conserved during evolution of eukaryotic cells; transfer of the gene for Fe/S protein to the nucleus has led to addition of the presequence, which routes the precursor back to its "ancestral" assembly pathway.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Enzymatic determination of veratryl alcohol.

A rapid and sensitive method was developed for the measurement of veratryl alcohol--a secondary metabolite of some lignin degrading fungi. The method is based on the enzymatic oxidation of veratryl alcohol to veratraldehyde by the ligninase of Phanerochaete chrysosporium. The purified enzymes oxidized veratryl alcohol completely to veratraldehyde (75%) and some unidentified products. The enzymatic method was applied to measure veratryl alcohol in the culture filtrates of Chrysosporium pruinosum and it gave the same results as the conventional method involving extraction and separation by high-pressure liquid chromatography. Benefits and limitations of the method are discussed.

Benzyl Alcohols↗
PubMed1986

[Parameters of acral vasomotor activity--sensory arousal variables in psychological stress].

By means of complex methods in 65 test persons from a large number of parameters the photopulse amplitude and the rheographic quotient at the finger apart from the heart rate and the blood pressure were established as very sensitive demand variables under psychic stress. The temporary and formal criteria of the volume pulse curves are less well suitable for this purpose. In the different reaction patterns the inclusion of sensitive biosignals of the acral vasomotricity is an information gain for the demand diagnostics under psychic stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Duchenne muscular dystrophy in a girl with an (X;15) translocation.

This is a report of a girl with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) associated with an 46,X,t (X;15) (p21; q 26) chromosome constitution. Although in the eight published cases of girls with DMD and a t(X;aut) different autosomes were involved in the translocation, the breakpoint was always at Xp21. The present case supports the hypothesis that the DMD gene must be located at Xp21. In this study, involvement of the father's chromosomes in the translocation was detected.

Child↗
PubMed1986

Preliminary brain autopsy findings in progredient Rett syndrome.

Postmortem human brain analyses have been performed to further evaluate pathogenetic aspects of the Rett syndrome. While there are no significant abnormalities with respect to amino acid concentrations in putamen, caudate nucleus, red nucleus and thalamus, the concentration of kynurenine is increased in putamen, caudate nucleus, gl. pallidus, raphe and amygdaloid n. In contrast, serotonin and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid are below normal levels. D2-receptor number is decreased and there is a significant drop in the concentration of the iron-binding protein ferritin. It can be concluded, that reduction of D2-receptors is due to loss of cholinergic and GABA-ergic cell bodies in the striatum or may be a response to iron deficiency. Low serotonergic and high kynurenergic activity may be of pathogenetic importance in the frequently observed cerebral seizures in Rett syndrome.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1986

Clinical and pharmacokinetic studies on enoxacin in ear, nose and throat infections.

The efficacy and tolerance of enoxacin were tested in 65 patients treated for ear, nose and throat infections with doses of 400 or 600 mg b.i.d. The overall clinical efficacy of enoxacin was excellent in 32, good in 17, fair in six, and poor in five out of 60 evaluable patients. Three female patients complained of stomach pressure and one man of slight nausea, two of allergic skin reactions and one of arthromyalgia. The pharmacokinetic studies showed high enoxacin concentrations in the secretions, pus, and tissues studied, especially in those of the middle ear and the sinuses.

Adult↗