Biomedical subjects

B Schatz

Publications and source records attributed to B Schatz.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1990

Correlation between follicular fluid content and the results of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. III. Proteoglycans.

Using a specific proteoglycan (PG) radioimmunoassay (RIA) in which human cartilage antiserum was directed against the PG protein core, the PG content of follicular fluid (FF) obtained from 42 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) was studied as a function of IVF-ET outcome. Inhibition curves of purified PG cartilage preparations were parallel to those of large and small nonstimulated follicles and follicles that had been stimulated by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist, d-tryptophan-6 (Decapeptyl: D-Trp6 analogue, Beaufour Laboratories, IPSEN Biotech, Paris, France), and human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG). While FF levels of immunoreactive PG-like material (Ir-PG) did not differ according to IVF-ET outcome, highly significant negative correlations were obtained between FF 17 beta-estradiol levels and FF Ir-PG levels in oocyte groups where pregnancy was obtained, i.e., oocytes were fertilized and cleaved, and pregnancy followed either for each ET or for one of two embryos reimplanted. The correlation persisted but weakened when all groups were pooled together. No correlation was observed between FF Ir-PG and progesterone. RIA or bioassay showed a positive correlation between FF inhibin and Ir-PG for the group in which each ET led to a pregnancy. Ir-PG concentrations were significantly greater in smaller than in larger follicles collected from untreated women. Upon induction of ovulation with either pure follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), FSH + human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), or D-Trp6/hMG + hCG, this difference no longer appeared. These results indicate that the reduction of Ir-PG concentrations constitutes an index of follicular maturation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cartilage↗

PubMed1990

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists and GnRH antagonists do not alter endogenous GnRH secretion in short-term castrated rams.

The administration of GnRH agonists and antagonists suppresses pituitary LH secretion. However little is known about their effects on endogenous GnRH secretion. To determine if GnRH analogs act on GnRH secretion through a short or ultrashort loop feedback mechanism, experiments were performed to analyze GnRH secretion in hypophyseal portal blood of conscious short-term castrated rams under both agonist or antagonist treatment. In Study 1, six rams were castrated and surgically prepared for portal blood collection on day -7. Portal and peripheral blood were collected simultaneously every 10 min for 14-15 h on day 0. Five hours after the beginning of the portal blood collection, animals were injected im with 5 mg potent GnRH antagonist (Nal-Glu). In Study 2, six rams were treated daily from day -11 to day 0 with the GnRH agonist D-Trp6 GnRH (0.5 mg im). Castration and surgical preparation for portal blood collection were performed on day -7. On day 0 portal and peripheral blood were collected simultaneously every 10 min for 10-11 h. In both studies, to determine whether an increase in GnRH concentration in hypophyseal portal blood can overcome the inhibitory effect of the GnRH analogs, between 5 and 5.5 h after the injection of the analogs, endogenous GnRH secretion was stimulated by Naloxone administration (3 x 100 mg, iv, at 30-min intervals) followed by a bolus of exogenous GnRH (2 x 10 micrograms, iv at 30-min intervals). In Study 1, Nal-Glu administration led to a rapid cessation of pulsatile LH secretion for the duration of blood collection while GnRH pulse frequency and amplitude were not affected. GnRH and LH pulse frequency before and after Nal-Glu administration were, 6.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 5.7 +/- 0.8 (NS) and 5.3 +/- 0.3 vs. 0.3 +/- 0.2 pulses/6 h (P less than 0.001) respectively. In Study 2, peripheral LH secretion was completely suppressed while GnRH secretion (portal blood) remained pulsatile. GnRH pulses frequency and pulse amplitude were 4.3 +/- 0.3 pulses/6 h and 43.0 +/- 4.7 pg/ml, respectively. In both experiments, neither stimulation of endogenous GnRH secretion by naloxone nor administration of exogenous GnRH allowed reinitiation of LH secretion. However, additional studies in two animals of each treatment group (study-III) showed that this was clearly a dose related effect in antagonist treated but not in agonist-treated animals since higher doses of exogenous GnRH (i.e. 100 micrograms or 1000 micrograms) can increase significantly LH levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Correlation between follicular fluid content and the results of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. II. Inhibin and aromatase inhibitor activity.

The inhibin content and aromatase inhibitor activity (AIA) of 72 follicular fluids (FF) obtained from 42 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) were studied as a function of IVF ET outcome. Inhibin levels were determined by bioassay (BA) and RIA; AIA was measured by BA. The inhibin content of follicles characterized as immature by their estradiol (E2) levels and E2/progesterone (P) ratios was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than that of mature follicles (i.e. leading to pregnancy). The mean AIA for mature follicles were significantly lower than AIA in groups where pregnancy was not obtained. AIA for follicles from which a pregnancy was obtained for each ET was also significantly lower than that in FF characterized as immature of hypermature. The highest E2/AIA and inhibin BA/AIA ratios were associated with the highest incidence of successful IVF ET outcome. No correlation was found between AIA and inhibin, on the one hand, and E2, delta 4-androstenedione, E2/P, and PRL, on the other. However, a positive correlation was found between inhibin (RIA and BA) and P, reflecting the production of inhibin by granulosa cells during luteinization. These studies allowed us to conclude that FF inhibin levels do not differ according to IVF ET outcome, but are an index of follicular maturation. AIA not only constitutes an index of follicular maturation and granulosa cell luteinization, but is of predictive value for IVF ET outcome as E2/AIA and inhibin BA/AIA ratios.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Effect of Decapeptyl, an agonistic analog of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on estrogens, estrogen sulfates, and progesterone receptors in leiomyoma and myometrium.

Estrogens (estrone [E1] and estradiol [E2]), their sulfates and progesterone receptor (PR) were evaluated in patients with uterine leiomyomata nontreated and treated with Decapeptyl (D-Trp6-gonadotropin-releasing hormone [GnRH]; Ipsen Biotech, Paris, France). Estrogen concentrations are very high in the leiomyoma (secretory phase, pg/g tissue [mean +/- SEM]: n = 10; E1: 147 +/- 24; E2: 850 +/- 116; E1-sulfate: 1,668 +/- 808; E2-sulfate: 718 +/- 126). Decapeptyl treatment provokes a significant decrease in E2 and particularly in E1 and E2 sulfates. Progesterone receptors were higher in the leiomyoma than in the myometrium; after a long treatment (3 to 4 months) a significant decrease in both tissues is observed. The decrease provoked by D-Trp6-GnRH on estrogens (unconjugated and sulfates) and in PR in the leiomyoma after long treatment, supports the hypothesis that estrogens are implicated in the cause of these tumors.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Effect of decapeptyl (D-TrpG GnPh) on estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors and tissue levels of estrogens (non-conjugated and sulfate-conjugated) in patients with uterine myoma].

Concentrations of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, unconjugated estrogens (estradiol and estrone) and sulfate-conjugated estrogens (estradiol sulfate and estrone sulfate) were determined in patients treated with Decapeptyl and in controls. After prolonged Decapeptyl therapy, a highly significant fall in progesterone receptors was evidenced; estrogen receptors were found to be decreased in the myoma as compared with the secretory phase in controls and in the myometrium as compared with the proliferative phase in controls. Tissue levels of estrone sulfate and estradiol sulfate decreased very substantially. In conclusion, Decapeptyl emerges as a very promising agent for the treatment of uterine myomas.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

PubMed1989

Correlation between follicular fluid content and the results of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. I. Sex steroids.

The steroid content of 72 follicular fluids (FF) obtained from 42 women subjected to ovulation induction with the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue D-Trp6 and human menopausal gonadotropin was studied in terms of the evolution of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer (ET) results. The FF were classified into several categories based on oocyte evolution. Individual values of FF estrone and estradiol (E2), as well as androstenedione and testosterone could not be correlated with ET outcome. However, FF progesterone (P) levels for follicles leading to pregnancy were significantly lower when compared with those in the other categories. The correlation between the E2/P ratio and E2 permitted the definition of a band wherein IVF-ET outcome was successful and enabled the characterization of different functional follicular maturational states.

Androstenedione↗

PubMed1989

Smectite reduces gastroesophageal reflux in newborn infants.

We assessed the efficacy of a natural clay (smectite) on the frequency and the duration of acid (pH less than 4) and very acid (pH less than 3) gastroesophageal reflux (GER) measured by 24-hour continuous pH recording (CPR). Twenty newborn infants were enrolled in this double-blind controlled study owing to pathological CPR in supine position. After inclusion, all the patients were maintained in the 30-degree elevated prone position and received either smectite (3 g/day; n = 10) or placebo (n = 10) for 7 days. On the 8th day, a second 24-hour CPR was performed in supine position. The postural therapy alone (placebo group) was followed by a significant decrease in the numbers of acid GER (p less than 0.05) during the second CPR. The combination of postural therapy and smectite treatment was followed by a decrease in the number of acid (p less than 0.05) and very acid GER (p = 0.01), the percentages of time spent at pH below 4 (p less than 0.05) and 3 (p less than 0.01) and the maximal duration of acid GER (p less than 0.05).

Clinical Trials as Topic↗

PubMed1988