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Biomedical subjects

B Salle

Publications and source records attributed to B Salle.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Nutrient balance, energy utilization, and composition of weight gain in very-low-birth-weight infants fed pooled human milk or a preterm formula.

Growth, protein, and energy balances were studied in two groups of very-low-birth-weight premature infants fed pooled pasteurized human milk (HM) or a preterm formula (PF). Each infant was studied at 33 and 36 weeks gestational age with a combined technique of nutrient balance and indirect calorimetry measurement. Weight and length gains were higher with PF than with HM, but head circumference growth was similar with both milks. Although the volume of milk given was lower, energy intake was higher with PF than with HM in both studies (126 to 130 vs 103 to 109 kcal/kg/day). Percentage of energy absorbed was better with PF than with HM (94% vs 84%) at 33 weeks, and similar (95%) with both milks at 36 weeks. Energy expenditure, which had increased from 33 weeks to 36 weeks, was higher with PF than with HM (57 to 63 vs 46 to 52 kcal/kg/day) during both studies. Energy retention accounted for about 50% of energy absorbed with both milks, but was higher with PF than with HM (60 vs 40 to 50 kcal/kg/day) in both studies, and resulted in fat accretion well above that seen during intrauterine growth for both milks in both studies. Protein intake was higher with PF than with HM (3.1 vs 2.4 gm/kg/day) in both studies, giving a protein accretion similar to the intrauterine accretion with PF (2.2 gm/kg/day), but lower with HM. Our results suggest that the nutritional value of pooled pasteurized human milk for VLBW infants should be reconsidered, especially because of its low protein content, and that energy density of preterm formulas must be questioned in view of elevated fat deposition.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1984

[Current aspects of laparoschisis. Apropos of 22 cases].

Study about 22 gastroschisis observed 17 years along allows to the authors to point out the elements of amelioration of prognostic and decrease of mortality. Antenatal diagnosis allows the hysterotomy at the end of gestation avoiding traumatic or infectious risks. Reanimation and transport are very important to bring the neonate in good conditions to the pediatric surgeon. The choice of surgical technics is only between primitive parietal closure or progressive reintegration (Schuster). Intestinal atresia must be cured in the same time, if possible. Finally, perisurgical nursing, antibiotherapy and recent parenteral nutrition method improved the prognosis. During the last 15 years, mortality has fallen from 80% to 10%.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1984

[Fetomaternal blood incompatibility: the situation in 1983].

56 cases of allo-immunization were collected over a period of 4 1/2 years, i.e. 4.3 per 1 000 births. The authors analyse the aetiologies of these cases of allo-immunization and the therapeutic indications for the more severe cases. They discuss the indications for plasmapheresis, in utero transfusion and premature extraction of the fetus. Five deaths were recorded from this series of 56 births.

Blood Transfusion, Intrauterine↗
PubMed1983

[Metabolism of minerals and vitamin D in the pregnant woman and the fetus].

The mineral metabolism in the fetus and pregnant woman is described with reference to data from the medical literature and personal studies. As soon as the twenty-eighth week of gestation, a concentration gradient is established between mother and fetus for calcium, phosphorus and magnesium, with higher levels in the fetus. The vitamin D content of the fetus is dependent on that of the mother; in France, where food is not supplemented, vitamin D deficiency is common in mothers and neonates, especially during the winter and spring and in areas where sunlight is scarce. Vitamin D supplementation is therefore required during the last trimester of gestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Hypocalcemia in infants of diabetic mothers. Studies in circulating calciotropic hormone concentrations.

Twenty-two infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) were studied and were divided into two groups: a first group of 14 IDM did not receive vitamin D3 and was studied at birth and at 2, 24, 48 and 120 hours; a second group was given daily dosage of 60 microgram of vitamin D3 from 3 hours to 120 hours and was studied at 2 hours and 120 hours. In the first group, serum calcium levels decreased markedly during the first 24 hours of life (mean +/- SD: 1.77 +/- 0.3 mmol/l, p less than 0.01) and remained low at 5 days. Serum phosphorus levels remained normal but serum magnesium levels decreased significantly at 24 hours (mean +/- SD: 0.64 +/- 0.108 mmol/l, p less than 0.01) and returned to normal at 5 days. Serum immunoreactive parathormone levels increased consistently to high levels at 24 hours and remained elevated at 120 hours (p less than 0.001). Serum immunoreactive calcitonin levels increased at 24 hours (p less than 0.001) and decreased at 120 hours to low or undetectable values in all infants. In group II, serum 25O-HD levels and 1.25 OH2 D levels increased significantly (p less than 0.001) respectively to 27.2 +/- 2.7 ng/ml and 114 +/- 20 pg/ml at 5 days. The results of this study show hypocalcemia to be a common event in IDM during the first days of life and furthermore hypophosphatemia, hypoparathyroidism, hypomagnesemia or defect of vitamin D metabolism would not seem to be the main etiological factors.

Calcifediol↗
PubMed1982

Influence of thermoregulation on energy metabolism of the low birthweight infant.

UNLABELLED: By combining continuous measurements and recordings of (a) 02 consumption and CO2 production, (b) core, mean skin and temperature, (c) "radiative and convective" (R + C) heat loss, we have tried to assess the characteristics and effiency of different heating systems in the usual environment of an intensive care unit. PRELIMINARY RESULTS: minimal heat loss is obtained in an incubator with manual temperature control versus serocontrolled incubator on radiant heater; the radiant heater can maintain adequate core temperature but with higher than normal heat loss from the sides of the body and increased warming only of the skin facing the heater; metabotic rate measurements do not show any statistical difference between these various environments; both with an incubator and a radiant heater, a thin plastic sheet (used as heatshield) lowers "R + C" heat loss.

Body Temperature Regulation↗
PubMed1982

Lymphocyte populations and responses to mitogens in infants of diabetic mothers.

A group of 10 infants of diabetic mothers, born prematurely by Caesarian section was compared to an age-matched group of premature controls and to full-term newborns. There was no difference between the three groups in terms of lymphocyte populations at birth. The percentage of T-cells in the three groups was significantly lower than in adults but reached adult levels at 1 month of age. The mitogenic responses in infants of diabetic mothers was found significantly higher than in the two control groups at birth and remained so at one month of age. The suppressor T-cell activity was decreased in infants of diabetic mothers as compared with controls.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1982

[Continuous enteral feeding by nasoduodenal tube in premature infants with birth weight less than or equal to 1,200 g (author's transl)].

32 healthy or sick low birth weight infants (birth weight less than 1,200 g), surviving more than 48 hours with or without respiratory distress were fed by continuous enteral infusion of human milk through a nasoduodenal tube. By this method, oral caloric intake was increased quickly. This allowed early suppression of intravenous supplementation and lowered risks of metabolic and septic disorders. Precautions which are to be followed in order to lower intestinal complications are reported.

Body Weight↗