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Biomedical subjects

B S Pomeroy

Publications and source records attributed to B S Pomeroy.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of membrane proteins from Salmonella gallinarum for prevention of fowl typhoid infection in chickens.

Outer membrane protein isolated from Salmonella gallinarum was examined at different concentrations with or without a mineral-oil adjuvant for its immunogenicity and protection against live challenge. A formalin-killed whole-cell bacterin of the same organism was used for comparison. The results suggested that membrane proteins from S. gallinarum give better protection than formalin-killed whole-cell bacterin. Addition of an oil adjuvant to the protein appeared to increase the efficiency of the vaccine. When protein was given to chickens at 400 micrograms/100 g of live body weight, it produced 100% protection against oral challenge with S. gallinarum.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phage-typing system for Salmonella hadar of animal origin.

A phage-typing system for Salmonella hadar was developed. Fifteen phages isolated from untreated sewage were used to phage-type 55 isolates of S. hadar recovered from avian and other animal species. Twenty-four distinct phage types of S. hadar were established based on lysis patterns. Methods involved in the isolation for bacteriophages for a particular serotype and the importance of bacteriophage typing is discussed in the context of the importance of S. hadar.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of Gal-E-mutant of Salmonella typhimurium on experimental salmonellosis in chickens.

Compared with unvaccinated challenged birds, day-old chicks vaccinated orally with live Salmonella typhimurium galactose epimerase mutant (G30D) and challenged orally after 14 days with a field strain of S. typhimurium had statistically significant reductions in fecal shedding (P less than 0.01), in salmonella carrier status at slaughter (P less than 0.05), in salmonella in the broiler-house environment (P less than 0.005), and in serological response in the fourth week after challenge (P less than 0.005). The vaccine did not elicit a serological response as measured by plate, microagglutination, and microantiglobulin tests. The vaccine had a significant depression on live-weight gain which was not apparent after 6 weeks. The vaccine did not significantly reduce live weight at 8 weeks below that of unvaccinated control birds. The field strain produced an 8% reduction in live weight at 8 weeks below that of controls. The potential role of vaccines in salmonella control, and economic losses due to salmonellosis, are discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gentamicin and bacterial culture (Nurmi culture) treatments either alone or in combination against experimental Salmonella hadar infection in turkey poults.

The effect of three treatments on Salmonella hadar infection in turkey poults was examined. The three treatments were: (A) a single injection of gentamicin, (B) peroral treatment with anaerobic culture derived from cecal contents of an adult turkey (Nurmi culture), and (C) combination of treatments A and B. Nurmi culture was significantly more effective than gentamicin treatment. Nurmi culture along with gentamicin reduced the number of shedding birds, but a higher proportion of birds became carriers compared with the groups given Nurmi culture only. Gentamicin injection alone did not prevent the spreading of infection in larger groups raised on litter, but it did so in one experimental group raised on wire floor.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of infectious bursal disease virus infection on the phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus by mononuclear phagocytic cells of susceptible and resistant strains of chickens.

Studies were conducted to determine why chickens infected with infectious bursal disease (IBD) are more susceptible to Staphylococcus aureus. We evaluated the effect of IBD virus on functions of the peripheral mononuclear phagocytes and looked for humoral abnormalities in the serum. An in vitro opsonophagocytic assay using (H3) thymidine-labeled opsonized Staphylococcus aureus was used to measure phagocytosis. Infection of IBD-sensitive (SCWL 420) chickens with IBD virus did not cause any cellular defects, as shown by phagocytic inability, or any humoral abnormalities, as shown by the lack of opsonics. However, IBD virus did cause some humoral defects 2 weeks postinfection in resistant (Hardy Red) chickens. Therefore, the basic mechanisms governing increased susceptibility of IBD-infected chickens to S. aureus is still unknown.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of two vaccines (live G30D or killed RW16) in the prevention of Salmonella typhimurium infections in chickens.

Several properties of a galactose epimerase mutant strain (G30D) of Salmonella typhimurium were investigated in white leghorn and white rock chickens. More chickens shed G30D when it was administered orally at 1 day of age than when given at 1, 2, or 4 weeks of age. In another experiment, the mean cumulative data obtained for 52 days on the shedding rate of virulent RW16 in the unvaccinated challenged controls were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than data in challenged groups that had been vaccinated subcutaneously with live G30D. In a third experiment, chickens vaccinated twice with live G30D or killed RW16 were less likely to shed RW16 than unvaccinated controls following challenge with live RW16. Vaccination with both live G30D and killed RW16 was significantly more beneficial (P less than 0.05) than using either vaccine alone twice. The route of administration of the vaccines made no difference in the reduction of shedding.

Administration, Oral↗