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Biomedical subjects

B S Jackson

Publications and source records attributed to B S Jackson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Testing hypotheses derived from the Roy Adaptation Model.

This study investigated the role of perception and biopsychosocial adaptation in patients with cancer entering an aggressive cancer treatment program. The Roy adaptation model provided the framework from which hypotheses were derived and tested. The hypotheses proposed that physiological stimuli are translated by the cognator through perception that alters the biopsychosocial responses. Forty-five patients were tested as they entered into the chemotherapy program. The APACHE II was used to measure actual physiological status; the Symptom Distress Profile was used to measure subjects' perceived physiological discomfort, and the Sickness Impact Profile was used to measure subjects' perceived effect of the cancer on their psychosocial adaptation. The results supported the theoretical predictions that perception of symptoms is positively correlated with psychosocial adaptation and not with actual physiological status. In addition, perception of symptoms and psychosocial adaptation were correlated with survival at six months and not with actual physiological status. Discussion of findings addresses theoretical and practice issues.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1988

Methotrexate/fluorouracil scheduling influences normal tissue toxicity but not antitumor effects in patients with squamous cell head and neck cancer: results from a randomized trial.

To test the hypothesis that sequential scheduling of methotrexate (MTX) and fluorouracil (FU) produces a synergistic antitumor effect, we randomized 113 patients with recurrent or locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to receive MTX-FU either 18 hours apart or simultaneously, with leucovorin rescue. There were 100 patients with locally advanced newly presenting disease and 13 patients with recurrence. Excessive toxicity was observed in the first 11 patients who received MTX 250 mg/m2 administered intravenously (IV) and leucovorin at 36 hours, therefore all subsequent patients received MTX 200 mg/m2 administered IV and leucovorin at 24 hours. FU 600 mg/m2 IV was administered to all patients, and treatment was given on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles. The treatment groups were well balanced for known prognostic variables. The response rate was 47.3% (26 of 55) for simultaneous v 44.8% (26 of 58) for sequential therapy. These results exclude a 20% difference in response rate favoring sequential therapy at P = .04. There was no observed difference in survival between the two treatment arms (P = .55) with a minimum follow-up of 8 months. Toxicity was greater in patients who received sequential therapy, and the difference was confined to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. A comparison of the distribution in maximum Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) toxicity scores during chemotherapy for the two treatment groups showed greater stomatitis (P = .001), diarrhea (P = .04), and overall toxicity (P = .02) for sequential treatment without an observed difference in bone marrow toxicity. The results of this trial indicate that sequential MTX-FU is not superior to simultaneous therapy for the treatment of patients with head and neck cancer. Biochemical modulation of MTX-FU by drug scheduling may occur in vivo and may be organ specific.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

The dynamics of holding an acting position.

When a key person resigns or is fired, his or her job may be filled by an acting employee. Usually this works well, but there may be hidden costs for both employee and organization. Questions the prospective acting person might ask and tips for superiors are among the findings from in-depth interviews with 19 subjects in a variety of positions.

Administrative Personnel↗
PubMed1984

A one-year mortality study of the most acutely ill patients in a medical-surgical intensive care unit: toward developing a model for selection of recipients of intensive care.

This study over a 1-year period of time in a medical-surgical ICU in a large metropolitan teaching hospital was conducted to determine the mortality rate among a select group of acutely ill patients. By operational definition the acutely ill patients included in this study were those who were admitted to the medical-surgical ICU and treated with at least two out of three of the following: MA-1 ventilator, flow-directed balloon-tipped catheter, and vasopressor(s). Of 158 patients in the study, 117 died during hospitalization. The personnel in this oversubscribed unit were constantly faced with the decision of who should and who should not be admitted and who should be transferred out. Statistics on intensive care management are converted into daily costs for intensive care for those who did and did not survive. Model building is discussed as a process necessary in determining who shall receive intensive care and who shall not. The basic premise for conducting the study was that decisions regarding who shall receive care that is expensive and in limited supply should be based on facts to the extent that they can be elucidated.

Adult↗