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Biomedical subjects

B Rueff

Publications and source records attributed to B Rueff.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Idiopathic portal hypertension (perisinusoidal fibrosis) after renal transplantation.

We report the cases of two renal transplant recipients suffering from idopathic portal hypertension, a condition characterised by increased portal venous pressure in the absence of both histological lesion of the liver and obstruction of the portal vein. In these two patients, perisnusoidal fibrosis, invisible by light microscopy, was demonstrated by electron microscopy; it is suggested that partial obstruction of hepatic sinusoids by perisinusoidal fibrosis could be the mechanism for increased portal venous pressure in all the patients with idiopathic portal hypertension. In these two patients, who received 6-mercaptopurine and azathioprine, perisinusoidal fibrosis might be the consequence of prolonged administration of these drugs.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Transvenous (transjugular) liver biopsy. An experience based on 100 biopsies.

Transvenous (transjugular) liver biopsy consists in taking a liver specimen through a needle introduced into the liver parenchyma from the lumen of a hepatic vein. This procedure was attempted 104 times in 98 patients in whom percutaneous needle liver biopsy was contraindicated because of massive ascites and/or bleeding tendency. A liver specimen was obtained in 100 out of these 104 attempts; the tissue specimens were unfragmented and large enough to allow correct evaluation of liver architecture in 57 biopsies. The procedure was followed by no or only minor complications in all out patients except one who suffered a fatal intraperitoneal hemorrhage in relation to perforation of liver capsule; perforation was due to an excessive front rotation applied to the needle, a maneuver which therefore must be avoided. It is concluded that transvenous liver biopsy is a workable, efficient, and acceptably safe procedure for obtaining liver specimens in patients with massive ascites and/or bleeding tendency.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Peliosis hepatis in recipients of renal transplants.

Peliosis hepatis, an uncommon liver lesion characterised by blood-filled cavities bordered by hepatocytic plates, was found in 12 patients three to 17 months after renal transplantation. Hepatomegaly and portal hypertension were present in five of the six patients with major peliosis hepatis, and were absent in the other six with minor hepatic lesions. Alterations of centrilobular vein walls in some of these patients suggest that peliosis hepatis could be the result of a blockade or liver blood outflow at the junctions of sinusoids and centrilobular veins. The cause of these alterations might be azathioprine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver. Report of six cases and review of the literature.

The authors report the cases of 6 adult patients suffering from nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, an uncommon lesion characterized by small-sized hepatocytic nodules scattered throughout the liver, with no or slight fibrosis. The histological recognition of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver was easy on large specimens taken intraoperatively, but was difficult or impossible on small specimens such as those provided by needle biopsy. In all of the patients of this series, the main consequence of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver was portal hypertension. In this series, nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver was not associated with rheumatoid arthritis, whereas such an association has been noted in most of the cases previously reported. The etiology and pathogenesis of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is unknown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Iproclozide fulminant hepatitis. Possible role of enzyme induction.

The authors report the cases of 3 patients who died from fulminant hepatitis after receiving iproclozide, a hydrazine-containing monoamine oxidase inhibitor. Fulminant hepatitis in these patients resembled that reported in patients receiving other hydrazine-containing monoamine oxidase inhibitors: (1) the 3 patients were women; (2) the monoamine oxidase inhibitor has been ingested for 1 month or more; (3) the main clinical manifestations were jaundice and disorders of consciousness; (4) hypersensitivity manifestations were absent; (5) the predominant liver lesion was necrosis; (6) all 3 patients died. In our 3 patients, jaundice occurred 7 to 10 days after the adjunction to iproclozide of a microsomal enzyme inducer. These observations suggest that concomitant administration of iproclozide and of microsomal enzyme inducers may produce fulminant hepatitis in man. It is speculated that iproclozide could be, like iproniazid, transformed into a hepatotoxic metabolite, the production of which would be increased by microsomal enzyme induction.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Blood polymorphonuclear dysfunction in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte function was investigated in twenty patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and three patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Bacterial ingestion, oxygen-dependent bactericidal capacity, and chemotactic response were measured. Serum dependent abnormalities were common; they included deficiencies of ingestion and of all subsequent oxygen-dependent metabolic events (three patients), all oxygen-dependent metabolic events (one patient), cytochrome c reduction and iodination deficiencies (six patients), isolated cytochrome c reduction deficiency (ten patients), and chemotactic deficiencies (fourteen out of eighteen patients). Serum-independent abnormalities were much less common; they included increased ingestion rate (four patients), decreased stimulated reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (three patients), and decreased myeloperoxidase content (eight patients). Polymorphonuclear leucocyte abnormalities are frequent in cirrhosis and may account in part for increased susceptibility to infection in that disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Isoniazid-rifampin fulminant hepatitis. A possible consequence of the enhancement of isoniazid hepatotoxicity by enzyme induction.

The authors report 6 cases of fulminant hepatitis in patients treated with isoniazid and rifampin. In 4 of these patients, the treatment had been started within 3 days after a general anesthesia. The course of the disease was remarkably similar in all 6 patients: (1) the time interval from the beginning of the isoniazid-rifampin administration to the onset of jaundice was 6 to 10 days; (2) disorders of consciousness appeared less than 3 days after the onset of jaundice; (3) serum transaminases were 26 to 80 times the upper limit of normal; (4) the main liver lesion was centrilobular necrosis; (5) hypersensitivity manifestations were absent; (6) all 6 patients recovered. Fulminant hepatitis might be attributable to a hepatotoxic metabolite of isoniazid, the production of which would be attributable to a hepatotoxic metabolite of isoniazid, the production of which would be increased as a consequence of the enzyme-inducing effect of rifampin and, possibly, other drugs administered for general anesthesia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

[Hepatic puncture biopsy by the transjugular route].

The authors report their experience of transjugular liver biopsy, a method which consists in taking a liver specimen with a needle placed in a hepatic vein. This method was used in 13 patients in whom conventional liver needle biopsy was contraindicated because of massive ascites or bleeding tendency. In 10 of these patients, a liver specimen was obtained; in patients with cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis, the liver specimens were more or less divided into small fragments, which prevented correct assessment of liver architecture in three of them. The examination was well tolerated. The authors conclude that transjugular liver biopsy is not technically difficult in centers where hepatic vein catheterization is available and that this method is indicated in patients in whom conventional liver needle biopsy is contraindicated.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1976

A controlled study of therapeutic portacaval shunt in alcoholic cirrhosis.

A controlled study of therapeutic end-to-side portacaval shunt was carried out from 1968 to 1971 in 89 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding was less common and chronic hepatic encephalopathy was more common in patients with shunts than in patients without shunts. The survival-rate was lower, but not significantly, in patients with shunts. No overall benefit of the operation could be demonstrated in cirrhotic patients with the selection criteria and the type of surgical shunt used in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Postoperative intraabdominal suppurations due to Ristella. Clinical, bacteriological and therapeutic characteristics].

From 1972 to 1974, 8 intraabdominal postoperative suppurations due to Bacteroides have been observed at Hospital Beaujon. Three characteristic features of such infections have been analysed: the high frequency of associated jaundice; the difficulty of isolation of the Bacteroides; their specific sensitivity to some antibiotics. In 5 patients, jaundice related to the bacterial infection has been observed; jaundice was of the cholestatic type; it was mainly due to conjugated hyperbilirubinemia; in approximately 50 p.cent of the cases, serum alkalin phosphatases activity and serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase activity were moderately elevated; the presence of jaundice did not seem to have any influence on the prognosis. The frequent association to Bacteroids of enterobacteria makes isolation of the Bacteroides difficult. The necessity of some precautions in the handling (storage at 4 degrees C or immediate inoculation in anaerobic conditions) is emphasized. Bacteroides are always resistant to penicillin and to the other broad spectrum antibiotics usually effective enterobacteria. They are sensitive to tetracyclins (5/8), lincomycin (2/4), clindamycin (2/3), rifampicin (8/8), pristinamycin (7/7), carbenicillin (3/3), erythromycin (8/8) and chloramphenicol (8/8).

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

Heterozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and cirrhosis in adults, a fortuitous association.

Pi (protease inhibitor) genotype was determined in 394 healthy blood-donors, 132 adult patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, and 37 adult patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. The frequency of the heterozygous genotype with a single allele Pi Z (heterozygous alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency) was not different in blood-donors and in patients with cirrhosis. This finding suggests that the association of this heterozygous genotype with cirrhosis is not causal but fortuitous and that this heterozygous genotype does not increase susceptibility to cirrhosis due to other causes, in particular alcoholism.

Adult↗