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Biomedical subjects

B Rorsman

Publications and source records attributed to B Rorsman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Prevalence of age psychosis and mortality among age psychotics in the Lundby Study. Changes over time during a 25-year observation period.

It has been suggested that persons suffering from age psychosis have benefited from social and medical improvement in the society so that they live longer with their illness than they did before. The Lundby cohort comprises 3,563 persons from a total population, followed concerning mental disorders for 15 or 25 years. In the present study we have investigated the changes over time concerning prevalence of age psychosis and mortality among age psychotics in the Lundby Study during the 25-year observation period. When the first 10-year period was compared with the second 15-year period, the figures for average prevalence of age psychosis and death risk associated with a diagnosis of age psychosis had generally decreased in both sexes, but the differences found between the two time periods did not reach statistical significance. A significantly lower mortality during the second time period was found among mentally healthy women.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Mortality and age psychosis in the Lundby Study: death risk of senile and multi-infarct dementia. Changes over time in a prospective study of a total population followed over 25 or 15 years.

Persons suffering from age psychosis are known to have a high mortality rate. During the last decades there has been a general improvement in the standard of living and the availability of medical resources for the elderly in most western countries. It has been suggested that persons with a diagnosis of age psychosis have benefited from these changes and live longer with their illness than they did before. The Lundby cohort comprises 3,563 persons from a total population followed concerning mental disorders (psychiatrically treated as well as untreated) for 15 or 25 years. In the present Lundby Study we have calculated the changes over time concerning death risk among persons with senile and multi-infarct dementia and overmortality associated with these two main subgroups of age psychosis. We found that the prognosis in terms of mortality had not undergone any statistically significant change during the 25-year period 1947-1972 among persons in the Lundby cohort with a diagnosis of senile and multi-infarct dementia.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Gc serum groups in schizophrenia.

Gc subtypes were studied by isoelectric focusing in schizophrenic patients and controls. No significant differences between patients and controls were found. The results so far on Gc groups and schizophrenia show no consistent pattern and the significant associations reported have not been confirmed.

Blood Protein Electrophoresis↗
PubMed1984

HLA antigens and clinical subgroups of schizophrenia.

Frequencies of HLA A, B, C, and DR antigens were studied in 100 schizophrenic patients and 919 controls from South Sweden. The patients were diagnosed according to the DSM III criteria and divided into four clinical subgroups (hebephrenic, paranoid, residual, and undifferentiated). In the schizophrenic patients as a whole significant increases were found for A2, A3, B17, B27, and Cw2 and decreases for A1, A11, and B8. A previous positive association with A9 from the same population was not confirmed. A significant heterogeneity between the four clinical subgroups was found for A3 and Bw35. Most of the associations between HLA antigens and schizophrenia reported in the literature appear to be fortuitous and dependent on the large number of trials made. However, confirmed increases have been found for A9 and B17, and confirmed decreases have been observed for A1 and B7. Some evidence for a heterogeneity between clinical subgroups was found in the present as well as in previous investigations.

HLA Antigens↗
PubMed1984

HLA antigens in patients with and without a family history of schizophrenia.

Frequencies of HLA antigens (A, B, C and DR) were studied in patients with (n = 49) and without (n = 67) a family history of schizophrenia and in controls. Among the patients with a family history of schizophrenia significant increases were found in the A3 and B5 antigens while significant decreases were observed for the A1, A11 and B8 antigens. In a material of schizophrenic siblings the sharing of HLA haplotypes was consistent with normal segregation.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed1984

Properdin factor B (Bf) types in schizophrenia.

The phenotype frequencies of properdin factor B (Bf) were studied in patients with (n = 47) and without (n = 66) a family history of schizophrenia and in controls. In patients with a family history of schizophrenia, a significant decrease of the FS type was found. No significant difference was found between patients without a family history of schizophrenia and controls.

Complement Factor B↗
PubMed1983

Current trends in the incidence of senile and multi-infarct dementia. A prospective study of a total population followed over 25 years; the Lundby Study.

Organic brain syndromes among the elderly have been studied prospectively in a total population during the 25-year period 1947-1972. The population (2,550 persons) originates from a geographically delimited area in southern Sweden (Lundby). The original population has been followed for 25 years irrespective of domicile. A comparison of incidences for the first 10-year period (1947-1957) and the second 15-year period (1957-1972) shows a decrease in organic brain syndromes in the population concerning multi-infarct as well as senile dementias.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Mortality psychiatric specialist care in the Lundby study. Age-standardized death rates in different forms of psychiatric services in a total population investigated during a 25-year period.

In the present study a general population cohort of 3,563 persons has been observed concerning psychiatric attendance during a 25-year period, and the mortality experience among patients of different levels of psychiatric care has been studied. The relative overall death risk compared with that of the total Lundby population was found to be 1.9 in men and 1.5 in women with a background of any kind of psychiatric contact. Among former or present inpatients at mental hospitals the overall mortality rate in both sexes was about twice as high as that found in the total population. In men who had been inpatients at psychiatric departments the relative death risk from all causes of death was 4.8, whereas the corresponding risks among men and women who had only come into contact with psychiatric services as outpatients were 1.3 and 1.1, respectively. The relative violent death risk in men with a psychiatric contact was 4.6 compared with the total male population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Mortality and hidden mental disorder in the Lundby Study. Age-standardized death rates among mentally ill 'non-patients' in a total population observed during a 25-year period.

In the Lundby Study, all mental illnesses, treated as well as untreated, that occurred during a 25-year period in a geographically defined Swedish general population sample were evaluated. All forms of psychiatric services used by the population during the same period were registered. The present study investigates the mortality pattern of mentally ill persons who did not receive psychiatric specialist treatment. Men with a 'hidden' mental disorder showed a significantly increased mortality from non-violet causes (p less than 0.001). The relative somatic death risk in this group was even slightly higher than that found among mentally ill men who had received psychiatric specialist care. The somatic overmortality found among women with a hidden mental disorder did not reach statistical significance, while mentally ill women who had been treated showed a significant excess mortality from natural causes (p less than 0.05). The total number of violet deaths was small and calculations on violet death risks were performed only for men. Among men with a hidden mental disorder the age-standardized violent death risk was twice that of the total male population, but the increase did not reach statistical significance. Men with a treated mental disorder showed a significant over-mortality from violent causes (p less than 0.001).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Are we entering an age of melancholy? Depressive illnesses in a prospective epidemiological study over 25 years: the Lundby Study, Sweden.

The Lundby cohort consists of all inhabitants in a delimited area in Sweden studied in 1947 by Essen-Möller, then by Hagnell in 1957, and by Hagnell & Ojesjö in 1975. It has been claimed that depressive disorders have increased during the sixties and seventies. In order to examine this hypothesis on a normal population (the Lundby Study), comparisons were made of the incidence figures for depression during the periods 1947-57 and 1957-72, and during the five 5-year intervals within the period.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Suicide and depression in the male part of the Lundby study. Changes over time during a 25-year observation period.

In the Lundby study, 3,563 persons from a geographically delimited area in Sweden have been examined by psychiatrists on repeated occasions during a 25-year period. Mental disorders, personality traits, social factors, etc., have been recorded. Great efforts have been made to get sufficient outside information about the living as well as the deceased. During the observation period 28 persons, 23 men and 5 women, committed suicide. More than half of the suicide individuals had had a depressive disorder. The male part of the cohort has been studied concerning changes over time of prevalence of depression and age standardized rates of completed suicide. When the first 10-year period 1947-1957 was compared with the last 15-year period 1957-1972, the prevalence of depression was found to have increased over time, while the suicide rates had decreased among men in the Lundby cohort.

Depression↗
PubMed1982

Mortality in the Lundby study. Natural death in different forms of mental disorder in a total population investigated during a 25-year period.

There is an increased mortality among persons who are or who have been under psychiatric care. In any normal population many individuals suffer from mental disorders without coming into contact with psychiatric services, and our knowledge of the mortality pattern of these groups is limited. The Lundby cohort comprises 3,563 persons from a total population, followed concerning mental disorders during 15 and 25 years. In the present study we have investigated the mortality from nonviolent, natural causes among persons in the Lundby cohort with a history of mental disorders, irrespective of contact with psychiatrists or other physicians. The relative death rate from natural causes compared with the standard population was found to be 1.5 among men and 1.2 among women with backgrounds of mental disorders. Neurotics had no excess mortality in this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Violent death and mental disorders in the Lundby Study. Accidents and suicides in a total population during a 25-year period.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between mental disorders and death from suicide and accident. The violent death group was drawn from a prospective psychiatric cohort study of 3,563 persons followed during 25 years (the Lundby Study). The deceased persons in the cohort had all been examined by psychiatrists on one or two occasions during their lives. Among men with a background of mental disorders, the age-standardized suicide rate was found to be about 4 times higher and the age-standardized accident rate about 2 1/2 times higher than that of the standard male population. When the immediate circumstances around the unnatural deaths were studied, mental as well as somatic disorders were found to have been present at the time of death in a high proportion of the cases. Neoplasms were found in 3 of the 28 suicide persons.

Accidents↗
PubMed1981

Glomerular filtration rate and calcium metabolism in long-term lithium treatment.

Does long-term lithium treatment induce an irreversible renal damage, and does polyuria or changes in the calcium metabolism indicate this? To elucidate these questions GFR, diuresis, S-Ca, S-Mg, S-PTH and bone mineral content (photonabsorptiometry) were determined in 29 consecutive patients on long-term lithium therapy for 2.5--12 years and in 4 patients, who had been admitted to the Renal Clinic with lithium-induced polyuria. Only 1 of the patients had had a known lithium intoxication (S-Li > 2 mmol/l). None had a history of renal disease or significant analgesic consumption. In the consecutive series the GFR was not significantly reduced and no correlations were found between this parameter and the duration of lithium therapy, average S-Li, highest S-Li noted, diuresis or any of the calcium parameters. The morning diuresis was significantly increased in comparison with a control group with normal kidney function. 2 of the 4 polyuric patients had a decreased GFR, but in 1 case it was normalized on desmopressin supplementation. Renal biopsy in the patient with one S-Li of 2.35 and a low GFR in the consecutive series, and in 3 of the polyuric patients, revealed focal interstitial fibrosis and nephron atrophy. The mean S-Ca, S-Mg, S-PTH and bone mineral content were increased, but no significant intercorrelations between these parameters were found. Neither were any intercorrelations found between the calcium parameters and time on lithium therapy, average S-Li, highest S-Li noted or morning diuresis. In conclusion a relatively well-managed lithium therapy for up to 12.5 years does not seem to influence the GFR, even if renal biopsy in 4 of our patients revealed interstitial nephritis and data in the literature indicate a progressive interstitial nephritis. The present study did not support the proposition that polyuria is an alarming sign of pronounced renal lesion. Calcium metabolism is influenced by lithium therapy but from the clinical point of view no negative effects could be found. S-Ca should probably be checked regularly in patients on long-term lithium therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Hemodialysis in schizophrenia: psychiatric aspects of treatment failure in a pilot study.

In order to examine the reported curative effects of hemodialysis in patients with chronic schizophrenia a pilot study approved by the Committee of Ethics at the University of Lund was initiated in September 1977. 13 patients, 10 men and 3 women, 21--44 years old, were treated. All but one were diagnosed as chronic schizophrenia. The duration of illness was 4--20 years. All the patients functioned defectively psychosocially, and conventional therapy had failed. Our goal was to give at least one dialysis treatment a week during 13 weeks. 10 patients completed the treatment series. The patients were scored according to the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Rockland and Pollin scale before, during and after the treatment. Conventional therapy was given throughout. Analysis of hemofiltrates for endorphins did not reveal any abnormal levels. 1 patient reported a distinct and hitherto lasting improvement. Marginal and temporary improvements were noted in 3 patients. Therefore placebo effects or spontaneous remission seemed probable. The ratings showed no significant changes in any patient during the treatment period. All patients including those who showed improvement remained seriously incapacitated by their psychiatric illness. Different psychiatric aspects of our failure to reproduce the American findings including cultural discrepancies in diagnostic criteria are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Does the incidence of age psychosis decrease? A prospective, longitudinal study of a complete population investigated during the 25-year period 1947-1972: the Lundby study.

2,550 persons from a geographically delimited area in Sweden were examined and described by a team of 4 psychiatrists in 1947. Mental disorders, personality traits, social factors, etc. were recorded for all but 1% of the population. 10 and 25 years later the same persons were examined in the same way irrespective of domicile. Great efforts were made to get sufficient outside information about the living as well as the deceased persons. The incidence of age psychoses was lower in the 15-year period 1957-1972 than in the 10-year period 1947-1957.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Suicide rates in the Lundby study: mental illness as a risk factor for suicide.

In the present investigation we have used a longitudinal psychiatric-epidemiological study of 3,563 persons who, at a certain date 1947 or 1957, were registered in a geographically well-defined area in Sweden, "Lundby". This population has been observed and psychiatrically evaluated for 25 and 15 years, respectively. During the observation period 23 men and 5 women committed suicide. In the total Lundby cohort the age-standardized male suicide rate was 51 per 100,000 person years. The corresponding rate in men without a psychiatric diagnosis was 8.3, among men who had suffered some kind of psychiatric disorder other than depression 83, and among men with depression 650. The study thus indicates that mental illness, especially depressive disorder, implies a considerably increased risk.

Depressive Disorder↗