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Biomedical subjects

B Roos

Publications and source records attributed to B Roos.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

The amount of bone mineral and Schmorl's nodes in lumbar vertebrae.

The bone mineral areal content and the ultimate compressive strength were determined in 109 lumbar vertebrae from 36 subjects. The bone mineral areal content was related to the number, shape, and localization of the Schmorl's nodes detected in the x-rayed and sectioned vertebral bodies. One type of node, irregular in shape and localization, occurred only in the vertebrae with low bone mineral areal content values and thus in vertebrae with relatively low compressive strength. A second type of Schmorl's nodes, regular in shape and localization, did not reflect any general weakness of the vertebral bodies.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Bone mineral content in relation to age and menopause in middle-aged women. A study of bone density in lumbar vertebrae by dual photon absorptiometry in a population sample of women.

As one phase of a comprehensive population study of women, bone density was determined in the third lumbar vertebra by dual photon absorptiometric technique. The method involves the use of two radionuclides, which both emit gamma radiation but with different energies (241Am with 59.6 keV and 137Cs with 662 keV). Women in three age strata were studied: 46, 54 and 62 years. The bone mineral content was higher in premenopausal or recently postmenopausal 54-year-old women than in women of the same age who had been postmenopausal for a long time (p less than 0.02). A similar trend was found for women aged 62. The differences could not be explained by differences in other factors studied, such as body height, body weight, smoking habits, numbers of pregnancies or physical inactivity. No significant differences were found when women with similar menstrual status in different age-groups were compared. In the ages studied, hormonal factors seem to be more important than the age per se for the development of oeteoporosis.

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Age at menopause and its relation to osteoporosis.

As one phase of a comprehensive population study of women, bone density was determined in the third lumbar vertebra by dual photon absorptiometric technique. The method involves the use of two radionuclides, which both emit gamma radiation but with different energies (241Am with 59.6 keV and 137Cs with 662 keV). Women in three age strata were studied: 46, 54 and 62 yr. All women aged 46 were still menstruating, while the age strata 54 and 62 were subdivided into two groups: those who still menstruated or had been postmenopausal for a short time and those who had been postmenopausal for many years. The bone mineral content was higher in premenopausal or recently postmenopausal 54-yr-old women than in women of the same age who had been postmenopausal for a long time (P less than 0.01). A similar trend was found for women aged 62 (P less than 0.10). The differences could not be explained by differences in other factors studied, such as body weight, body height, smoking habits or physical activity. No significant differences were found when women with similar menopausal status in different age groups were compared.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Early appearance and mitotic activity of multinucleated giant cells in mice after combined injection of talc and prednisolone acetate. A model for studying rapid histiocytic polykarion formation in vivo.

Combined intraperitoneal injection of talc and particulate prednisolone acetate resulted in the formation of significant numbers of multinucleated giant cells within 48 hours. Neither one of these two agents had a comparable effect when injected alone. Evidence is presented showing that the multinucleated giant cells arose by cell fusion. Synchronous nuclear division could be observed in a considerable proportion of newly formed polykarions. Although the late prophases were usually normal, high proportions of abnormal mitotic figures were observed at later stages of mitosis, particularly in anaphase and telophase. The chromosome abnormalities were so severe that it is highly improbable that mitosis led to successful nuclear multiplication within a given syncytium. Similar to prednisolone acetate, prednisone elicited the formation of multinucleated giant cells when injected with talc. No polykarion formation was observed, however, when prednisolone acetate was substituted for other steroid preparations of similar particle size such as cortexon acetate, cortisone, or testosterone isobutyrate.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Consequences of myocardial reperfusion following temporary coronary occlusion in pigs; effects on morphologic, biochemical and haemodynamic findings.

The effects of myocardial reperfusion have been examined following a 1 h coronary occlusion and compared to a permanent coronary ligation in pigs. Haemodynamic investigations were carried out throughout the surgical intervention and repeated after 7 days. Cellular injury was estimated by serial serum enzyme determinations (creatin phosphokinase, alpha-hydroxybutyric dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase) during the first 5 postoperative days; infarct size was assessed morphometrically by a histochemical staining procedure 1 week after the temporary or permanent coronary occlusion. A linear correlation was found between the logarithmically plotted peak serum activity of AST, HBDH, CPK and the morphometrically determined infarct size. Based upon enzyme and morphometrical studies no significant difference could be detected between the two experimental groups. In the animals subjected to transient coronary occlusion, however, the development of a ventricular aneurysm had been prevented to early and sustained reperfusion. Early re-establishment of coronary circulation appears to accelerate the proliferation of a more resistant granulation tissue into the infarcted area. Cardiac performance was not improved by myocardial reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lymph drainage from the vulva and the foot as demonstrated by 198Au.

From the central part of the labium majus the lymphatic transport of 198Au is invariably bilateral to inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes. Thus, bilateral inguinal and low pelvic lymph-adenectomy is logical in the treatment of carcinoma of the vulva. 198Au injected subcutaneously and Lipiodol injected intralymphatically in the dorsum of the foot were transported exclusively to ipsilateral inguinal and pelvic lymph nodes. Thus, there is no need for contralateral lymphadenectomy in malignancies on the dorsum of the foot.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Lymph drainage from the upper and middle third of the rectum as demonstrated by 198 Au.

Extensive lymph node dissections have been performed in an attempt to increase survival after abdomino-perineal excision or anterior resection of the rectum for carcinoma. The lymph drainage from the upper and middle third of the rectum was demonstrated by means of 198Au which was injected into the submucosa. Less than one percent was drained to pelvic lymph nodes, giving little support for pelvic lymph node dissection for carcinoma in the upper and middle third of the rectum.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Distribution of 169Yb microspheres and colloidal 198Au following injection into the rectal submucosa in dogs.

A comparison between two tracers, the one colloidal suspension of 198Au, the other 169Yb-labelled microspheres of 8 to 10 micron has been made concerning lymphatic and hematogenous spread from the submucosa in the rectum in dogs. Both tracers have, in principal, the same distribution. It was therefore considered that a colloidal suspension of 198Au is a useful tracer for functional anatomic investigations of lymph drainage.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lymph transport before and after regional lymphadenectomy as demonstrated with 99Tcm. Preliminary experiences.

The lymphatic transport of a radioactive tracer injected intralymphatically on the dorsum of the foot was determined before and after surgery in 3 patients with vulvar carcinoma. The centrally recorded activity curves showed different time courses before and after inguinal lymphadenectomy, suggesting that the lymphatic transport is short-circuited via lymphovenous anastomoses after lymphadenectomy. Thus, non-radical surgery for primary carcinoma combined with lymphadenectomy will increase the risk of haematogenous spread.

Female↗