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Biomedical subjects

B Roche

Publications and source records attributed to B Roche.

87 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1969

Protoplasts obtained from Candida tropicalis grown on alkanes.

A method for the preparation of protoplasts from Candida tropicalis cultivated on n-tetradecane is described. This essentially consists of replacing the mannitol-sorbitol solution of the classical helicase technique by 1 m magnesium sulfate and lowering the pH to 4.1 during incubation in the presence of helicase. The protoplasts thus prepared behave like intact cells and are capable of consuming oxygen in the presence of n-tetradecane, n-decane, 1-decanol, and glucose.

Alkanes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diffuse cutaneous infection caused by a presumed monoxenous trypanosomatid in a patient infected with HIV.

A patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus developed a diffuse cutaneous nodular syndrome. The parasite isolated from a skin nodule was studied by isoenzymatic characterization and transmission electron microscopy of both culture forms and those in the patient's skin biopsy. The parasite's ultrastructure was that of a typical member of the family Trypanosomatidae, but it differed isoenzymatically from all 'new and 'old World' species of Leishmania, Trypanosoma and Sauroleishmania. We believe that it was a (presumably) monoxenous 'lower trypanosomatid.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Alternating chemotherapy and hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy in non-metastatic inflammatory breast cancer].

PURPOSE: Based on encouraging results reported in alternating radiotherapy and chemotherapy in inflammatory breast carcinoma, we have tried in this study to optimize locoregional treatment with a hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy schedule alternating with chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From May 1991 to May 1995, 54 patients, previously untreated, with non-metastatic inflammatory breast cancer were entered in an alternating protocol consisting of eight courses of combined chemotherapy and two series of loco-regional hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy with a total dose of 66 Gy. Hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy was started after three courses of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Adriamycin, Vincristine, Cyclophosphamide, Methotrexate, 5-fluoro-uracile) administered every 21 days +/- G.CSF. The first series delivered 45 Gy/three weeks to the breast, the axillary, subclavicular and internal mammary nodes, with two daily sessions of 1.5 Gy separated by an interval of eight hours; the second series consisted of a boost (21 Gy/14 fractions/10 d) alternating with another regimen of anthracycline-based-chemotherapy (a total of five cycles every three weeks). Hormonal treatment was given to all patients. RESULTS: Of the 53 patients evaluated at the end of the treatment, 44 (83%) had a complete clinical response, seven (13%) had a partial response (> 50%) and two (4%) had tumoral progression. Of the 51 patients who were locally controlled, 18 (35%) presented a locoregional recurrence (LRR); eight (15%) had to undergo a mastectomy. All the patients but two with LRR developed metastases or died of local progressive disease and 26 (50%) developed metastases. With a median follow-up of 39 months (range: 4-74 months), survival rates at three and five years were respectively, 66 and 45% for overall survival and 45 and 36% for disease-free survival. CONCLUSION: Alternating a combination of chemotherapy and hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy is a well-tolerated regimen which provides acceptable local control. The systemic dissemination remains the major problem of inflammatory breast carcinoma and further clinical trials using alternative drug regimens are warranted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Adult to adult living-related liver transplantation. The Paul-Brousse Hospital preliminary experience].

AIM: Liver-graft shortages justify the development of adult living-related liver transplantation. The preliminary experience with this technique at Paul-Brousse Hospital is reported. PATIENTS ET METHODES: From January to July 2000, 7 adult to adult living-related liver transplantations were performed. Donors were 5 females and 2 males aged 20 to 53 years old (median: 41). A right liver graft was harvested in all cases. Recipients were 5 males and 2 females aged from 17 to 58 years old (median: 50) transplanted for viral cirrhosis (4 cases including 2 with hepatocellular carcinoma), subfulminant hepatitis (1 case), hepatocellular carcinoma on a healthy liver (1 case), and epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (1 case). Follow-up ranged from 41 to 157 days (median: 117 days). RESULTS: One donor had a biliary fistula that healed spontaneously. One donor had asterixis for 24 hours. The 7 donors are alive at home without any late complications. One recipient was retransplanted for hepatic artery thrombosis and 2 recipients had a biliary fistula that healed spontaneously. The 7 recipients are alive at home with normal liver function. CONCLUSION: Our experience and other reports suggest that adult to adult living-related liver transplantation is feasible with rare mortality and low morbidity in donors. Results in recipients are comparable to those obtained with cadaveric grafts. For a given patient the possibility of living related donation might extend the indications for transplantation without penalizing patients waiting for a cadaveric graft.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epidemiology of dracunculosis in the Mandara Mountains (North Cameroon). Organization of a control campaign].

The map of the Mandara Mountains dracuntiasis focus showing the wells and water bodies, which are the transmission sites of the disease in the study area, shows that the focus is relatively well limited. The drilling of new wells, the protection of existing water bodies used for human consumption, the health education project and the treatment of water by temephos lead to ascertain that the number of Guinea worm cases seen is decreasing every year in the area where the project is meticulously performed. These encouraging results show that it is now possible to eliminate the Guinea worm from North Cameroon by extending the operations in progress to the comprehensive surface of the focus, including the remote areas in mountains and the satellite foci in the plain along the Nigerian border.

Cameroon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Severe digestive manifestations of rheumatoid purpura in adults].

The authors report three cases of Scholein-Henoch's purpura in adults which were characterized by atypical severity of the digestive signs which led to laparotomy. In one case, the digestive signs preceded the onset of the cutaneous purpura, which made the diagnosis difficult. The digestive impact was confirmed endoscopically (petechia, ulceration, ulcerated stenosis) in two of the three patients. Damage of the small intestine predominated, as in the literature, but only one patient required resection of the intestine. These observations highlight the importance of endoscopic exploration in cases of abdominal signs combined with Scholein-Henoch's purpura in adults. They also demonstrate the difficulty of evaluating the prognosis and treatment in severe, peritoneo-occlusive forms.

Adult↗