Biomedical subjects

B Reinholdt

Publications and source records attributed to B Reinholdt.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1991

The effect of acute hyperglycemia on the plasma C-peptide response to intravenous glucagon or to a mixed meal in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

The dose-response relationships between prestimulatory blood glucose concentration and the plasma C-peptide responses to stimulation with 1 mg of glucagon iv or a standard mixed meal were studied in 8 C-peptide positive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycemia was maintained for 90 min before stimulation using a hyperglycemic clamp technique. Each test was performed at the steady state blood glucose levels approximately 5, approximately 12, and approximately 20 mmol/l. The glucose potentiation of the incremental plasma C-peptide area under the curve at the two levels of hyperglycemia in percent of the area at normoglycemia (median and range) was 343% (53-1053) (p less than 0.05) and 341% (267-1027) (p less than 0.05) after glucagon and 140% (76-227) (NS) and 251% (95-1700) (p less than 0.05) after the meal. The corresponding relative glucose potentiation of plasma C-peptide 6 min after stimulation with glucagon was 124% (100-427) (p less than 0.02) and 144% (100-209) (p less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the degree of glucose potentiation at approximately 12 or approximately 20 mmol/l. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the degree of glucose potentiation of the different estimated values of B-cell function. In conclusion, the plasma C-peptide responses to iv glucagon or to a standard test meal were markedly potentiated by acute hyperglycemia in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. No further potentiation was, however, obtained when the prestimulatory blood glucose concentration was raised above 12 mmol/l.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

The plasma C-peptide and insulin responses to stimulation with intravenous glucagon and a mixed meal in well-controlled type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus: dependency on acutely established hyperglycaemia.

The dose-response relationships between acutely established hyperglycaemia and the plasma C-peptide and insulin responses to i.v. stimulation with 1 mg of glucagon and a standard mixed meal were investigated in 10 patients with well-controlled Type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus. Hyperglycaemia was maintained for 90 min before stimulation using a hyperglycaemic clamp technique. Each test was performed on different steady state blood glucose levels of approximately 6 mmol/l, approximately 12 mmol/l, and approximately 20 mmol/l, respectively. The plasma C-peptide and insulin responses after glucagon and the meal were potentiated markedly at each level of prestimulatory hyperglycaemia. After glucagon injection, the relative glucose potentiation of the insulin response was significantly higher than the relative glucose potentiation of the C-peptide response at each level of hyperglycaemia (p less than 0.01). This difference may be explained by a higher fractional hepatic removal of insulin at normoglycaemia, since the molar ratio between the incremental C-peptide and insulin responses after glucagon stimulation was higher at prestimulatory normoglycaemia (4.85 (3.65-12.05] than at the prestimulatory blood glucose concentrations approximately 12 mmol/l (2.41 (2.05-4.09] (p less than 0.01) and approximately 20 mmol/l (2.24 (1.37-3.62] (p less than 0.01). In conclusion, the islet B-cell responses to glucagon and a standard mixed meal are potentiated to a high degree by acutely established prestimulatory hyperglycaemia in patients with well-controlled Type 2 diabetes. Acute prestimulatory hyperglycaemia is also associated with a markedly reduced incremental C-peptide/insulin ratio after glucagon stimulation in such patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Glucose↗

PubMed1989

[Clinical chemical parameters for metabolic control of patients with diabetes mellitus].

Fructosamine and various measures of blood glucose were compared to glycosylated hemoglobin as indices of glycaemic control in 148 patients with insulin treated diabetes. Fructosamine correlated fairly well with glycosylated hemoglobin (r = 0.67), but around 40 per cent of the patients with glycosylated hemoglobin below upper reference limit had a fructosamine value over upper reference limit and vice versa. The possibility to predict the level of glycosylated hemoglobin from fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and self-measured blood glucose was poor. The difference in self-measured blood glucose from patients with high versus low levels of glycosylated hemoglobin was very modest (0.5-2.0 mmol/l). It is concluded that it is reasonable to measure both glycosylated hemoglobin and fructosamine to evaluate glycaemic control in insulin treated diabetic patients. Fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and self-measured blood glucose only seem to reflect glycaemic control to a minor degree.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The ExacTech blood glucose testing system.

The ExacTech system, a new device for home measurement of blood glucose was tested in the laboratory, in the out-patient clinic, and by diabetic patients. The system is based on an electrochemical principle, and consists of specially impregnated strips and a small, pencil-shaped meter. (1) Six meters were tested in the laboratory at blood glucose concentrations of 4, 10 and 20 mmol/l. Low coefficients of variation were found at 10 and 20 mmol/l, but those at 4 mmol/l were rather high (approximately 10%). Analysis of variances showed no difference in the between and the within variation of the meters. (2) The blood glucose concentrations of 50 consecutive out-patients were determined by the ExacTech system and a standard laboratory method. Correlation analysis showed an r value of 0.95 (P less than 0.001). (3) The results obtained by 13 patients repeating the correlation experiment were in agreement with the second part of the study. The ExacTech system is very simple to operate by the patients, and can be recommended for home monitoring of blood glucose.

Blood Glucose↗