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Biomedical subjects

B Regolati

Publications and source records attributed to B Regolati.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Total frequency of dental caries in the Canton of Vaud after the transition from fluoride tablets to fluoridation of table salt].

This report shows results of a survey on dental caries in the canton of Vaud in the years 1970 and 1974. In this canton fluoridation was carried out by means of fluoride tablets distributed at school until 1969/70 and in subsequent years by adding 250 mg F/kg fluoride to domestic salt. For comparison, results from adjoining and other cantons are also presented. In 1970 the 3 communities in the canton of Vaud (Moudon, Grandson and Vevey) showed a remarkably low overall caries level due to the distribution of fluoride tablets, supplemented in Grandson with regular brushings with fluoride solutions. When the fluoride tablets were discontinued in 1968/70 and fluoridated domestic salt containing 250 mg F/kg NaCl was introduced, caries incidence reached an even lower level. In these 3 communities caries prevalence fell to the lowest level reached, so far, by means preventive measures in Bettlach (canton of Solothurn, toothbrushing with fluoride solutions 6 times per year combined with information, fluoride tablets on every school day, and in addition consumption of table salt fluoridated at a suboptimal level of 90 ppm). The children in the control communities Romont (canton of Fribourg), St-Aubin (canton of Neuchâtel) and Châtel-St-Denis (canton of Fribourg) also showed decreases of caries levels from 1970 to 1974. This decrease is attributed to the distribution of fluoride tablets started at the schools of this community in the late sixties. Caries incidence in the age spans 8 to 12 and 10 to 14 years was estimated. Children from the canton of Vaud where fluoridated table salt was practically the only preventive measure showed a smaller DMF increase than those from the cantons of Fribourg and Neuchâtel. By means of a method combining DMF means of various age groups it was possible to obtain sufficiently large numbers of children for a study of the caries prevalence in each community. All communities showed a decrease of caries levels. In the canton of Vaud this reduction started in 1970 at an already low level and in 1974 reached consistently lower values than those of the control communities of the cantons of Fribourg and Neuchâtel.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

[Dosage and cariostatic effect of mutanase in a rat experiment].

In caries tests on rats, mutanase (mu-1,3-glucanglucano-hydrolase) was admixed in different quantities to a cariogenic diet. The animals were fed eight times a day with a feeding machine for 25 days. A highly significant inhibition of fissural caries was achieved by concentrations of over 50 MU per gram of diet. As a simultaneous plaque reduction was not observed, the effect of the enzyme appears to be due to reduced adhesion or colonization capacity of streptococcus mutans strains in the fissures.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The gingivitis fluorescein test in recruits.

The average individual status of gingival inflammation was evaluated in two groups of 39 and 47 subjects by means of the Gingivitis Fluorescein Test (GFT) and the Sulcus Bleeding Index. The subjects of the test group received a prophylaxis and hygiene instructions which were effective in reducing the gingivitis after 12 days. However, the reduction was not paralleled by a simultaneous decrease of fluorescein recovered in mouthwashings. The oral hygiene of the control group's subjects was not altered and examinations were performed after 7 days. In both groups the average SBI-score did not exceed 1.2 in all examinations. The fluorescein content of the mouthwashings was approximately 10 times reduced when compared with previous findings. No correlation was found between the amounts of fluorescein in mouthwashings and the severity or extent of the clinically assessed gingival inflammation.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1975

Effect of enamel solubility reducing agents on erosion in the rat.

Three experiments performed on Osborne-Mendel rats tested the effects on erosion of the topical application of aluminum, cerium and titanium salts as well as sodium fluoride and sodium mono-fluorophosphate. In two experiments the compounds were applied during the erosion period and in a third trial, the test substances were applied prior to exposure to the erosive agent which was fermented apple juice. While cerium had no significant effects on erosion, aluminum fhloride and titanium chloride significantly increased the severity of erosive tooth destruction. Only sodium fluoride and sodium mono-fluorophosphate were effective in preventing erosion.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1975

Studies on intermittent fluoride administration.

The effects of the supplementation of equal amounts of fluoride given at different frequencies on caries inhibition and on fluoride uptake and retention by the molar surfaces were investigated in 3 rat caries tests. In the first experiment fluoride was supplemented to the drinking water, in the second it was incorporated in the cariogenic diet and in the third it was applied topically. In the first caries test fluoride was administered in the drinking water either continuously at concentrations of 20, 40 and 60 ppm F or at the double concentrations of 40, 80 and 120 ppm F every second day for 10 days prior to a cariogenic period of 21 days. At the end of the 10-day fluoride administration period the fluoride concentration in the molar surfaces (F-M) were closely correlated to the fluoride concentrations of the drinking solutions and to the intake by the animals. The molar surface disolution rates (S-M) were significantly lower in all fluoride groups than in the control groups but were not correlated to the F-M. At the end of the subsequent 21-day cariogenic period the S-M were not significantly lower in the fluoride than in the control groups. The F-M, significantly higher in the fluoride than in the control groups, were in the former groups not significantly different from each other. Irrespectively of the fluoride administration schedule, the caries incidences were equally lower in all fluoride groups than in the control groups. In the second caries test NaF and Na2PO2F were incorporated in the cariogenic diet and given to the rats at the same daily dose but at frequencies of 12, 18 and 36 times. The concentrations tested were 225, 150 and 75 ppm F. There were no significant differences between NaF and Na2PO3F in caries inhibitions, F-M and S-M. The frequency of fluoride administration had no significant effects on the parameters investigated. In the third caries test NaF and Na2PO3F were applied topically once, twice or thrice daily during a 20-day cariogenic period at concentrations of 4500, 2250 and 1500 ppm F respectively. While NaF and Na2PO3F were equally effective in inhibiting caries, NaF was more effective than Na2PO3F in enriching the F-M and in reducing S-M. Again the frequency of fluoride application had no significant effects. Because of the lack of influence of the frequency of fluoride supplementation on caries inhibition and the lack of correlation between caries reductions and F-M and S-M it was concluded from the caries tests that in the rat the interference of fluoride with the bacterial metabolism through its continous presence at the plaque-enamel interface rather than the reduction of enamel solubility and the promotion of enamel remineralization seems to be its most important cariostatic mechanism. A second series of experiments investigated the effects of the daily intragastric administration to pregnant rats of either 3.5 mg F once daily or 1...

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence of caries in the Canton Waadt (Vaud) after the change from fluoride tablets to fluoridization of salt].

This report shows results of a survey on dental caries in the Canton of Vaud in the years 1970 and 1974. In this canton fluoridation was carried out by means of fluoride tablets distributed at school until 1969/70 and in subsequent years by adding 250 mg F/kg fluoride to domestic salt. For comparison, results from adjoining and other cantons are also presented. In 1970 the 3 communities in the Canton of Vaud (Moudon, Grandson and Vevey) showed a remarkably low overall caries level due to the distribution of fluoride tablets, supplemented in Grandson with regular brushings with fluoride solution. When the fluoride tablets were discontinued in 1968/70 and fluoridated domestic salt containing 250 mg F/kg NaCl was introduced, caries incidence reached an even lower level. In these 3 communities caries prevalence fell to the lowest level reached, so far, by means of preventive measures in Bettlach (Canton of Solothurn, toothbrushing with fluoride solutions 6 times per year combined with information, fluoride tablets on every school day, and in addition consumption of table salt fluoridated at a suboptimal level of 90 ppm). The children in the control communities Romont (Canton of Fribourg), St-Aubin (Canton of Neuchâtel) and Châtel-St-Denis (Canton of Fribourg) also showed decreases of caries levels from 1970 to 1974. This decrease can be attributed to the distribution of fluoride tablets started at the schools of this community in the late sixties. Caries incidence in the age spans 8 to 12 and 10 to 14 years was estimated. Children from the Canton of Vaud where fluoridated table salt was practically the only preventive measure showed a smaller DMF increase than those from the cantons Fribourg and Neuchâtel. By means of a method combining DMF means of various age groups it was possible to obtain sufficiently large numbers of children for a study of the caries prevalence in each community. All communities showed a decrease of caries levels. In the Canton of Vaud this reduction started at a lower initial level and in 1974 reached consistently lower values than those of the control communities of the cantons of Fribourg and Neuchâtel.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Success of preventive dentistry in Switzerland].

Water fluoridation was introduced in Basle in 1962. Caries prevalence (DMFS) ten years after fluoridation was, depending on age, 47 percent to 77 percent lower than before fluoridation. The percentage of pupils entering school with caries free deciduous and permanent teeth increased from 6.7 percent in 1961 to 35.3 percent in 1974. Fluoride tablets (0.5-1.0 mg F) distributed at school approximately 200 times a year were highly effective in inhibiting caries. Mean DMFS caries reductions were about 47 percent. Supervised toothbrushing exercises with concentrated fluoride solutions or rinsing tablets 6 times a year combined with repeated information decreased the caries incidence by approximately 50 percent. Caries reductions in anterior teeth were about 80 percent. The supervised toothbrushing was beneficial to the deciduous teeth and the gingiva. Fluoride tablet distribution combined with supervised fluoride toothbrushing yielded higher reductions.

Adolescent↗