Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

B Rao

Publications and source records attributed to B Rao.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Effect of prostaglandins on in vitro synthesis of progesterone and oestradiol-17 beta in placenta from early human pregnancy.

In vitro synthesis of progesterone and estradiol-17 beta from endogenous precursors was studied in the placenta from women in early stage of gestation (less than 7 weeks). Radioimmunoassay techniques were used to measure progesterone and estradiol-17 beta. It was shown that placental tissue from as early as six weeks of gestation can synthesize both progesterone and estradiol-17 beta in vitro. Prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 in concentration of 100 micrograms/ml of the incubation media did not have any significant effect on the in vitro synthesis of progesterone and estradiol-17 beta in the placental tissue. It seems unlikely that the abortifacient effect of natural prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2 alpha is due to their direct action on the synthesis of progesterone and estradiol-17 beta in the placenta.

Estradiol↗
PubMed1979

Clinical evaluation of mezlocillin.

The safety and efficacy of intravenous mezlocillin were determined in 25 patients with aerobic, anaerobic, and mixed infections. Included were pleuropulmonary, urinary tract, skin, and soft-tissue infections, osteomyelitis, and abdominal and breast abscess. Nineteen patients (76%) were cured without recurrence as determined by clinical and bacteriological parameters. In three, the infection recurred (12%); two patients failed (8%), and in one, it was indeterminate (4%). No serious adverse effects were noted except for severe thrombophlebitis in three (12%) patients. Our preliminary data suggest that mezlocillin is a safe (except for thrombophlebitis) and effective antibiotic in the treatment of aerobic anaerobic, and mixed infections.

Abscess↗
PubMed1978

Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level as a prognostic indicator in colorectal cancer.

We examined the relation of carcinoembryonic antigen levels to time, site and extent of recurrence in 358 patients with colorectal cancer. The recurrence rate was higher in patients with Dukes' B and Dukes' C lesions who had preoperative levels higher than 5 ng per milliliter. There was a linear inverse correlation between preoperative levels and estimated mean time to recurrence in patients with Dukes' B and C lesions, ranging from 30 months for a level of 2 to 9.8 months for a level of 70 ng per milliliter. In patients with Dukes' C lesions the median time to recurrence was 13 months if preoperative levels were higher than 5 ng per milliliter, and 28 months if they were lower. Preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen levels in patients with resectable Dukes' B and C cancer provided an additional criterion for allocating these patients to groups at high or low risk for recurrence.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1977

Intravenous Corynebacterium parvum: an adjunct to chemotherapy for resistant advanced ovarian cancer.

This is a prelimianry report of an effort to treat women with advanced (Stage III and IV) ovarian cancer who had progressive disease in spite of previous surgery, chemotherapy and/or radiation by a program of reductive surgery, intensive immune stimulation and combination chemotherapy. An initial laparotomy was done where possible to reduce tumor burden, and then all patients were given intravenous corynebacterium parvum (C.P.) in escalating doses over a 10- to 14-day period. Cyclic chemotherapy with Cytoxan, adriamycin and 5-fluorouracil (CAF) was started and repeated monthly. Maintenance subcutaneous C.P. was given weekly. All patients had frequent follow-up clinical and laboratory examination. Immune function was measured by skin tests and in vitro tests prior to treatment and periodically during therapy. Two-thirds of the patients had depressed DNCB and PHA stimulation responses prior to treatment, and almost all had severely depressed lymphocyte counts. Thirty-nine patients entered the program. Exploratory laparotomy was done in 16 patients and in eight, successful tumor reduction was accomplished. Eleven patients received intravenous C. Parvum and all expired before receiving chemotherapy. Four patients received C. Parvum and less than three cycles of CAF; all expired within 2 months. Twenty-four patients received C. Parvum and less than or equal to three cycles of CAF. Four patients had complete regression of measurable disease and were living free of disease 9-12 months after starting CAF. Eight patients had more than 50% regression for a minimum of 3 months, and five were living with disease (LWD) 5-11 months. Five patients had 25% to 50% regression and three were LWD 4-8 months. Seven patients had no regression and all expired within 4 months. Of eight patients who had successful reductive surgery prior to treatment, three were free of disease, median of 10 months, and five had partial responses and were living with disease, a median of 9 months. Although pre-treatment immune function was better in the patients who had a good response to CP and CAF (10 of 12 were DNCB+) vs that in patients with a poor response (4 of 12 were DNCB+) immune function was not significantly improved during therapy. The initial treatment results in this program are encouraging and suggest that this approach may be useful in patients with earlier disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Thoracotomy as adjuvant to chemotherapy in metastatic osteogenic sarcoma.

This is a review of the experience at Memorial Hospital using chemotherapy combined with surgical excision for control of pulmonary metastases in osteogenic sarcoma. Effective multiple drug chemotherapy was able to control small deposits of osteogenic sarcoma in the lung, making surgical resection of residual visible nodules worthwhile. Surgical resection was most successful for solitary nodules or where multiple nodules were shrunk or at least prevented from growing by chemotherapy. Eight percent of these patients with pulmonary metastases initially or subsequently showed bilateral lung disease. When two or more nodules were found at th oracotomy, they were never confined to one lobe. For these reasons, wedge resections or segmental resections were the most commonly indicated procedures. Results justify an aggressive surgical approach to these lesions including multiple wedge resections of all lesions found at thoracotomy, chest wall resection and multiple bilateral thoracotomies. Chemotherapy alone cannot be expected to cure metastatic osteogenic sarcoma of the lung, but combined with surgical resection of residual disease the results are encouraging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions in patients with carcinoma of the colon and rectum.

Two hundred and thirty-seven patients with carcinoma of the colon and 16 patients with benign lesions of the colon and rectum underwent skin tests with 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene and a battery of intradermal antigens. The incidence of 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene reactors decreased with the increasing stage of the disease. Seventy-six per cent of the patients with Dukes' A cancer were 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive compared with 56 per cent of those with Dukes' B cancer and 61 per cent of those with Dukes' C lesions. Of the patients with advanced primary operable cancer, those who have metastases beyond the intestine and its mesentery, only 46 per cent were 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive. Only 42 per cent of the patients with inoperable advanced or recurrent disease reacted to 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene. Neither age nor sex was a determinate factor in the capacity of the patient to respond to 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene. Tumor burden appeared to correlate best with the ability of the patient to respond to 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene. In patients with Dukes' A or B lesions, the clinical follow-up period was too short to gauge prognostic significance of skin tests. In patients with Dukes' C lesions who were observed at 12 months, six of 11 in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene negative group had a recurrence or died of disease compared with only four of 17 in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive group, p less than 0.10. In 38 patients with advanced primary operable cancer who were observed for nine months, 40 per cared iwth 28 per cent of 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive group. A similar relationship was observed in a group of patients with advanced or recurrent disease who were observed for nine months in which 58 per cent of the patients in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene negative group were dead of disease compared with 40 per cent of those in the 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene positive group. Skin testing with 2-4, dinitrochlorobenzene and selected intradermal antigens adds prognostic information to that predicted from the clinicopathologic stage of the disease in instances of carcinoma of the colon and rectum. In general, patients with reactive skin tests have more favorable recurrence and survival rates with each stage of the disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1976

Patent ductus arteriosus with hypoplastic lung.

A median sternotomy approach was used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus associated with a hypoplastic right lung. The anterior approach to the left ductus is indicated if left thoracotomy is contraindicated.

Child, Preschool↗