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Biomedical subjects

B R Williamson

Publications and source records attributed to B R Williamson.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The renal parenchymal stone: a benign calcified renal mass.

Five patients are described, each with a densely calcified solitary mass in a peripheral location in the kidney. There was exophytic projection of the calcification in 4 cases. Three lesions were so completely calcified as to be regarded as stones. The bulk of the lesion was calcified in the 2 other cases, in which the noncalcified portion was either avascular or hypovascular. In no case was there evidence of a soft-tissue mass extending beyond the confines of the calcification. Pathologic correlation in 1 case showed only calcification in association with some renal scarring, and in a second case demonstrated an old organized and calcified abscess. Long-term follow-up in the other 3 cases has demonstrated complete stability without evidence of tumor. All cases are believed to represent examples of calcified renal parenchymal scars, resulting from old granulomatous disease, renal abscess, or hematoma. We propose that these lesions be regarded as solitary renal parenchymal stones without malignant potential, rather than calcified masses. The significance of the findings for patient management are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Emission tomography of the kidney.

Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) was done on two patients with suspected renal masses. Nuclear scintigraphy was equivocal on two tumors readily identified by SPECT. Single photon tomography is cost effective and increases the reliability of nuclear scintigraphy.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Adrenal involvement in non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Adrenal masses are described in seven cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a series of 173 patients. In all seven patients the lymphoma was diffuse rather than nodular. Three patients had adrenal masses at the time of presentation, whereas in four cases the adrenal gland was a site of tumor recurrence after therapy. Three patients had simultaneous bilateral adrenal involvement by tumor. No characteristic features were recognized that might have distinguished these tumors from other adrenal masses. Appropriate therapy successfully resolved the adrenal masses in all but one case. The latter patient was the only one with evidence of adrenal insufficiency.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

A case of ectopic ACTH syndrome: diagnostic difficulties caused by intermittent hormone secretion.

A patient with a thymic carcinoid tumour causing ectopic ACTH syndrome is presented. The case illustrates the rapid development of the clinical and laboratory findings often associated with ectopic secretion of ACTH, including severe proximal myopathy, emotional lability, and hypokalaemic alkalosis. Interpretation of conventional tests of pituitary-adrenal function was complicated by intermittent secretion of ACTH by the tumour. The results of selective venous sampling for ACTH ruled out pituitary ACTH hypersecretion and were suggestive of a thymic source; computerized tomography of the chest localized the tumour. In vivo and in vitro investigations confirmed excessive ACTH production by the tumour, and surgical resection plus radiotherapy has resulted in resolution of the syndrome. The diagnostic problems created by intermittent secretion of ACTH by these tumours and the pre-operative and post-operative medical management of these patients are discussed.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1982

Pulmonary sequestration: visualization of the feeding artery by CT.

Pulmonary sequestration (PS) is a relatively uncommon anomaly that usually requires invasive procedures such as arteriography for definitive diagnosis. We recently encountered a case in which the diagnosis of PS was strongly suggested by the findings on computed tomography (CT). Subsequently, an intralobar sequestration was found at surgery without the aid of a prior arteriogram. We feel that CT may have a definitive role in the radiological workup of suspected cases of PS.

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration↗
PubMed1981

Ventilation-perfusion imaging and pulmonary angiography: changing pattern of use.

The hospitals and departmental records of the University of Virginia Medical Center from 1976 to 1980 show an increasing frequency of ventilation studies relative to perfusion studies and a decrease in frequency of ventilation-perfusion diagnosis of pulmonary embolus. Pulmonary angiograms have increased from one per 68 nuclear studies to one per 14. A review of 70 patients with correlating angiography or autopsy shows that 89% of nuclear studies were accurate. We have revised our interpretation criteria and indications for pulmonary angiography.

Angiography↗
PubMed1980

The chest X-ray in quadriplegia: a review of 119 patients.

Chest X-rays of 119 quadriplegic patients were reviewed. The unusual findings were rib erosions and ossification of the coracoclavicular ligaments. It is suggested that pressure from the scapula is likely to be responsible for the erosions but the cause of ossification in the ligaments remains conjectural.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Bone scanning in detecting soft tissue abnormalities.

With bone scanning, as in other imaging modalities, important clues may be overlooked if attention is too much forcused on the major features displayed. In discussing bone scanning we have avoided the more obvious focal bone abnormalities and addressed our observations to peripheral changes, predominantly of soft tissues.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1980

Sonography of benign sacral teratoma in utero.

Sacral teratoma is rarely diagnosed in utero. In the case presented, gray-scale sonography revealed a teratoma in utero, demonstrated the proportion of solid and cystic components, and identified calcification. These are important features, since solid tumors lacking calcification are usually malignant, and cystic or complex tumors as well as those with calcification are usually benign.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Fertility of spermatozoa from the excurrent ducts of the guinea-pig.

Guinea-pigs were inseminated with spermatozoa from the vas deferens, where they are characteristically arranged in rouleaux, or from that part of the epididymis where rouleaux are infrequent. Fertility was much reduced in the 16 females inseminated with a suspension of single spermatozoa: only 4 became pregnant (compared with 10/11 controls) and all these had had some (0.5-0.75%) rouleaux in the insemination suspension. It is concluded that rouleau formation is indicative of physiological as well as morphological maturity.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Distended left renal vein: CT/sonographic normal variant.

The left renal vein frequently demonstrates a marked variation in caliber between the part distal to the aorta and the part directly in front of the aorta. This is well seen on both computed tomography (CT) and sonography. This variation in caliber or distention is believed to be secondary to a "nutcracker " effect formed by the aorta posteriorly and the superior mesenteric artery anteriorly. The third part of the duodenum may also add to the pincer effect on the left renal vein. A series of 72 patients was examined for this variation and the relation of the caliber of the left renal vein to the anatomy of the aorta, superior vena cava, and duodenum. These patients were also evaluated for any possible relation between the presence of a distended left renal vein and a varicocele.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Falciform ligament: varieties of imaging experience.

The falciform ligament is commonly imaged by various modalities available to most radiologists. When displayed, its diagnostic value is limited, but knowledge of its appearance as encountered on different examinations is useful, lest pathologic significance be applied to its appearance.

Humans↗
PubMed1979

Radionuclide bone imaging as a means of differentiating loosening and infection in patients with a painful total hip prosthesis.

Twenty patients with 23 painful total hip prostheses were examined by radionuclide imaging (20 cases), arthrography (11 cases), needle aspiration (9 cases), and surgery (19 cases) for the purpose of assessing loosening and/or infection. Bone imaging was most accurate, showing three main distributions of activity: (a) ectopic calcification, (b) focal increased activity at the upper and lower ends of the femoral prosthesis, and (c) diffuse activity. These findings suggest that infection and loosening can be differentiated in many instances. None of the patients with focal activity had infection, compared to 2 of the 3 patients with diffuse uptake.

Bone Diseases↗