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Biomedical subjects

B R Straatsma

Publications and source records attributed to B R Straatsma.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Donor eye program.

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Academic Medical Centers↗
PubMed1979

Myelinated retinal nerve fibers associated with ipsilateral myopia, amblyopia, and strabismus.

Four patients had extensive unilateral myelinated nerve fibers associated with ipsilateral myopia, amblyopia, and strabismus. Their profound visual impairment, exotropia, and the early age onset of symptoms indicated that the amblyopia may have been organically caused. Prognosis is poor for even partial correction but good results have been obtained with intense therapy that includes full correction of the refractive error in each eye and extraocular muscle surgery if cosmetically necessary. In patients with axial myopia, images of a similar size will be produced by placing a lens of the correct power at the spectacle plane. In younger patients, a contact lens should not be used to correct the refractive error because it creates an undesirable anisometropia. Younger patients who have parafoveal fixation and no strabismus respond best to amblyopia therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Address of the President. Look around with awareness.

In conspectus, consideration is given to the first "academy" in ancient Greece, current national health goals, change affecting health and medical care in the United States, and evolution--as well as the promising future--of the American Academy of Ophthalomology and Otolaryngology. Contemplating the future, the advice of James Thurber is increasingly valid: "Look backward not with anger, nor forward with fear, but look around with awareness."

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1977

Experimental immunogenic rubeosis iridis.

We have developed a primate model of rubeosis iridis in monkeys systemically sensitized to crystalline beef insulin. After intravitreal insulin injection, the dose-related immunogenic inflammation includes cells, flare, fibrin, and blood in the anterior chamber. With more severe inflammation, posterior synechiae, iris bombé, and cataracts occur. Of particular importance, new blood vessels develop within the stroma and on the anterior surface of the iris. Following injection of small amounts of insulin, the anterior surface vessels may regress over time, and the iris regains its normal appearance and coloration. However, the new stromal vessels persist and are cuffed by inflammatory cells including plasma cells. After injection of large amounts of insulin, more extensive structural alterations develop as noted above in conjunction with persistent iris anterior surface and stromal neovascularization. The relationship of rubeosis iridis to clinical inflammatory syndromes and to previous laboratory studies is discussed. Stromal neovascularization was a consistent finding in this experimental model even when anterior surface vessels regressed. On the basis of these experimental data and a review of publications describing human pathology, we believe that a broadening of the classic definition of rubeosis iridis is waranted to include a recognition of the stromal component of the clinical and pathologic findings.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

An ocular fixation device for freehand pars plana vitrectomy.

An adaptation of the stereotaxic micromanipulator is described which provides ocular support and stabilization during freehand vitrectomy. It consists of a baseplate for immobilization of the patient's head and an ocular fixation arm assembly which connects to the eye by grasping a special Flieringa ring sewed to the postlimbal sclera. The ocular fixation arm can be made alternately flexible or rigid, thereby providing needed ocular mobility or stability during the operation as is desired by the surgeon.

Ciliary Body↗
PubMed1976

Resorption of intravitreal blood following vitrectomy.

Eight rhesus monkeys underwent unilateral vitrectomy and subsequent injection of blood into both vitreous cavities. There was no significant inflammation, cataract, delayed corneal healing, or elevated intraocular pressure. Blood in the operated eyes dispersed immediately while blood in the control eyes did not disperse until seven to 14 days after injection. All operated eyes showed more rapid clearing of blood than control eyes containing formed vitreous. This result occurred in the presence or absence of the crystalline lens.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Jules Stein, MD.

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History, 19th Century↗
PubMed1976

Rubeosis iridis generated by insulin hypersensitivity.

There are important similarities between human and experimental monkey rubeosis iridis. We believe that we have developed a useful primate model to study iris neovascularization and that the possible role of immunity to insulin in the pathogenesis of human diabetic rubeosis iridis warrants further detailed consideration.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Transvitreal chorioretinal biopsy in the rabbit.

Transvitreal chorioretinal biopsy was performed in nine Dutch rabbits by introducing a biopsy instrument through a small eye wall incision, passing the instrument across the eye through the vitreous to the biopsy site, and by trephinating and removing from the eye a 1.6-mm diameter specimen of the posterior eye wall. Biopsy was carried out under stereotaxic control by using a micromanipulator especially designed for ophthalmic surgery. Hemostasis was achieved by circumferential mechanical pressure around the biopsy site. The eye wall defect was sealed by a preplaced explant and repaired by fibrovascular ingrowth from the surrounding choroid and episclera. The normal histologic features of the biopsy specimen were preserved, except for separation of the neurosensory retina from the pigmented epithelium. Complications of the procedure included hemorrhage from the incision site, transvitreal strand formation, and lens abrasion. In no instance, however, did these complications result in significant opacification of the optical media. The biopsy technique has potential use as a clinical procedure in the diagnosis of choroidal tumors and other selected disorders of the choroid and retina and as a technique in investigational animal studies.

Animals↗