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Biomedical subjects

B Przybilla

Publications and source records attributed to B Przybilla.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Inhibition of histamine liberation in allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in relation to the season].

An increased activity of the cAMP-degrading enzyme phosphodiesterase (PDE) has been observed in peripheral leukocytes from atopic patients. We studied 9 patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and 9 controls during (summer) and out of symptomatic season (following winter). Dextran sedimented peripheral mixed leucocytes (pML) were preincubated with the nonspecific PDE inhibitor isobutyl-methylxanthine (IBMX), with the PDE III selective inhibitor motapizone and with the PDE IV selective inhibitor rolipram and subsequently histamine release was induced by anti-IgE antibodies. The anti-IgE induced histamine release (anti-IgE HR) showed no significant seasonal differences in atopic patients and in controls. All PDE inhibitors reduced anti-IgE HR over the whole investigated concentration range (from 10(-8) mol/l to 10(-4) mol/l) in a dose dependent manner. Comparing the PDE inhibitors rolipram was the most potent inhibitor on anti-IgE HR from pML of acute and symptomless patients, while there were no significant differences on anti-IgE HR from pML of controls. During symptomatic season rolipram inhibited anti-IgE HR from pML of patients significantly more efficient than out of season. This could be the result of a seasonal increased PDE IV activity in the pMI of patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Photodegradation of some quinolones used as antimicrobial therapeutics.

The photostability of the fluoroquinolones ciprofloxacin (CPX), ofloxacin (OFX), and fleroxacin (FLX) toward ultraviolet irradiation (UVA) and room light was investigated in dilute aqueous solutions. A series of photoproducts was observed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for all three drugs. As little as 1 h of exposure to room light was enough for the formation of detectable amounts of CPX photoproducts. The major CPX photoproduct was characterized as a dimer by liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry, but its structure was not determined. Since irradiation of CPX results (as cited in ref/11) in a loss of antibacterial activity and since all substances, parent drugs as well as their photoproducts, are potential candidates for undesired drug effects, quinolone drugs should be strictly protected from all light during storage and administration.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1994

Atopic dermatitis: triggering factors.

Atopic dermatitis is a hereditary disorder, frequently associated with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. The disease may be influenced by many triggering factors such as irritants, aeroallergens, food, microbial organisms, sex hormones, stress factors, sweating, and climatologic factors. Moreover, it is important to be aware of contact allergy as a complicating factor. This review deals with recent clinical, experimental, and some therapeutic data on these triggering factors.

Dermatitis, Atopic↗
PubMed1994

Ultraviolet-A radiation induces adhesion molecule expression on human dermal microvascular endothelial cells.

Ultraviolet radiation is capable of inducing numerous skin reactions. Considerable amounts of UVA radiation penetrate the epidermis and reach the microvascular endothelium of the papillary dermis. In order to investigate putative direct effects of UV radiation on endothelial cells, we studied adhesion molecule expression by immunostaining procedures and FACS analysis, following irradiation of normal human skin and cultured human dermal endothelial cells. Enhanced immunostaining for ICAM-1 and E-selectin was detected in biopsies taken after in vivo UVA and UVB irradiation, compared with non-irradiated control skin. On cultured human dermal endothelial cells, however, ICAM-1 and E-selectin were inducible by UVA but not UVB. The induction was dose-dependent, peaking at 20 J/cm2 for both adhesion molecules, and time-dependent, peaking after 6 and 24 h for E-selectin and ICAM-1, respectively. Expression of VCAM-1 and PECAM/EndoCAM/CD31 was unaffected by any UV-radiation modality. The functional integrity of irradiated cells was monitored by an exclusion assay of the fluorescent dye 7-AAD, and by staining for the cytoskeletal proteins actin and vimentin. Our results demonstrate that dermal microvascular endothelial cells are a critical and direct target of UVA, and suggest they may play a pivotal role in UV-induced inflammatory skin conditions.

Cell Adhesion↗
PubMed1993

Manifestation of atopy is not related to patient's month of birth.

The first months of life may be an important period for allergic sensitization. Several studies suggest a relationship between the month of birth (MB) and the development of skin sensitivity to aeroallergens or the manifestation of an atopic disease. In 1988 and 1989 we investigated a population of 1066 Bavarian preschool children aged 5-6 years. Skin prick tests were performed with common aeroallergens (grass pollen, birch pollen, house-dust mite, cat epithelia). The personal history of atopic disease (atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma) was recorded by a questionnaire, and the presence of overt atopic disease was documented by a personal examination. Positive prick test reactions to the above-mentioned aeroallergens were found in 15.4%, 9.2%, 12.2%, and 10.4% of the subjects, respectively; lifetime prevalence of manifest atopic disease was 22.2% for atopic eczema, 11.7% for allergic rhinitis, and 4.5% for asthma. The MB distributions of children reacting to aeroallergens or of those with atopic diseases were compared with those of subjects with corresponding negative findings. Chi-square tests were performed for each aeroallergen and each of the atopic diseases separately. No significant differences among the MB distributions were found (P > 0.3). Thus, in this coherent group, MB correlated neither to allergic sensitization nor to manifest atopic disease.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1993

Solid persistent facial edema of acne: successful treatment with isotretinoin and ketotifen.

A 20-year-old man suffering from acne vulgaris since the age of 12 developed a solid persistent inflammatory edema of the face through the last 2 years. The edema was resistant to conventional treatment of acne including various systemic and topical antibiotics, isotretinoin and interferon-gamma. Histopathologic examination revealed an extensive fibrosis of the middle and deeper corium with a dense lymphohistiocytic perivascular infiltrate, notably with many mast cells. The therapeutic combination of oral isotretinoin (0.5 mg/kg body weight daily) and ketotifen (2 mg daily) led to complete resolution of all facial lesions. The pathogenesis of persistent edema remains mysterious but may be related to chronic inflammation resulting in obstruction of lymph vessels or fibrosis induced by mast cells.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1993

Evaluation of phototoxic properties of some food additives: sulfites exhibit prominent phototoxicity.

Additives are used widely to enhance the quality of food products. To identify possible phototoxic properties, 13 food additives (benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester, 4-hydroxybenzoic ethyl ester, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester, p-hydroxybenzoic acid n-butyl ester, benzyl alcohol, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, propionic acid, sodium disulfite and sodium sulfite) were evaluated in vitro by means of a photohemolysis test using suspensions of human erythrocytes. Irradiation was performed with various light sources differing with regard to their spectral irradiance. Sodium sulfite and sodium disulfite induced photohemolysis up to almost 100%, the effect depending on the concentration of the compounds and UV dose administered. Radiation rich in UVB was most effective; a sunlight-simulating lamp induced photohemolysis to a lesser degree. All other substances tested did not cause significant photohemolysis. As sulfites are frequently encountered, they may contribute to UVB sensitivity. The clinical significance of these findings has to be established by further work.

Dermatitis, Phototoxic↗
PubMed1993

["Baboon syndrome". A particular manifestation of hematogenous contact reaction].

We report on a 52-year-old patient with a typical manifestation of a haematogenous contact reaction. The characteristic distribution of light-red erythema predominantly located in the major flexural areas of the extremities and on the buttocks was consistent with the diagnosis of "baboon syndrome." The term derives from the skin lesions, which are compared to the red gluteal region of the baboon. An allergic type-IV reaction to systemically administered allergens probably underlies lesions of this type. In our case the baboon syndrome had been induced by amoxicillin. So far, mercury, nickel, ampicillin, and heparin have been reported as causes of baboon syndrome.

Amoxicillin↗
PubMed1993

[Polymorphous light dermatosis. Clinical data and test results].

In a retrospective study, the clinical data of 424 patients, 340 (= 80.2%) female and 84 (= 19.8%) male, with polymorphous light eruption (PLE) were evaluated; 89.1% of the patients had skin type II or III (according to Fitzpatrick). 368 Photoprovocation testing was performed on 332 of these cases. The duration of PLE was (mean +/- SD) 7 +/- 6.9 years, and the age at onset of the disease was 28 +/- 14 years. In 40.1% of the patients PLE developed without seasonal accentuation. Predilection sites for skin lesions were the extensor aspects of the upper arm or forearm (69.0%/66.7%) and the chest (59.5%); the face and the back of the hand were less frequently (41.0%/40.8%) affected. In most cases (53.6%/18.3%), the skin lesions were papular or erythemato-urticarial in type. The minimal erythema dose for UV-B was found to be normal in all 311 cases in which it was assessed. Photoprovocation testing yielded skin lesions of PLE in 38.4% of the female, and in 58.5% of the male patients. The frequency of positive reactions to photoprovocation testing was directly related to the duration of the disease, the persistence of naturally occurring lesions, and the time interval from accidental exposure to the development of lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Photosensitization caused by ibuprofen.

Several nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs (e.g., benoxaprofen, carprofen, and piroxicam) are known to induce photosensitivity reactions, but this has not yet been documented for ibuprofen. We observed a photosensitivity reaction in a patient treated with an oral ibuprofen preparation. This patient had a lowered minimal erythema dose for UVA but not for UVB after oral administration of ibuprofen. Results of a photopatch test with the drug were negative. In vitro UVA irradiation of human erythrocytes in the presence of ibuprofen caused ultraviolet dose-dependent phototoxic hemolysis.

Adult↗