Excretion of 5-hydroxyindolyl acetic acid (5HIAA) in migraine.
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Creatine↗
Biomedical subjects
B Phillips
Publications and source records attributed to B Phillips.
Resuscitation of the newly born infant: an advisory statement from the Pediatric Working Group of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation.
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), with representation from North America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Africa, and South America, was formed in 1992 to provide a forum for liaison between resuscitation organizations in the developed world. This consensus document on resuscitation extends previously published ILCOR advisory statements on resuscitation to address the unique and changing physiology of the newly born infant within the first few hours following birth and the techniques for providing advanced life support. After careful review of the international resuscitation literature and after discussion of key and controversial issues, consensus was reached on almost all aspects of neonatal resuscitation, and areas of controversy and high priority for additional research were delineated. Consensus on resuscitation for the newly. born infant included the following principles. (i) Personnel trained in the basic skills of resuscitation should be in attendance at every delivery. A minority (fewer than 10%) of newly born infants require active resuscitative interventions to establish a vigorous cry and regular respirations, maintain a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute (bpm), and maintain good color and tone. (ii) When meconium is present in the amniotic fluid, it should be suctioned from the hypopharynx on delivery of the head. If the meconium-stained newly born infant has absent or depressed respirations, heart rate, or muscle tone, residual meconium should be suctioned from the trachea. (ii) Attention to ventilation should be of primary concern. Assisted ventilation with attention to oxygen delivery, inspiratory time, and effectiveness judged by chest rise should be provided if stimulation does not achieve prompt onset of spontaneous respirations and/or the heart rate is less than 100 bpm. (iv) Chest compressions should be provided if the heart rate is absent or remains less than 60 bpm despite adequate assisted ventilation for 30 s. Chest compressions should be coordinated with ventilations at a ratio of 3:1 and a rate of 120 'events' per minute to achieve approximately 90 compressions and 30 rescue breaths per minute. (v) Epinephrine should be administered intravenously or intratracheally if the heart rate remains less than 60 bpm despite 30 s of effective assisted ventilation and chest compression circulation. Common or controversial medications (epinephrine, volume expansion, naloxone, bicarbonate), special resuscitation circumstances affecting care of the newly born, continuing care of the newly born after resuscitation, and ethical considerations for initiation and discontinuation of resuscitation are discussed. There was agreement that insufficient data exist to recommend changes to current guidelines regarding the use of 21% versus 100% oxygen, neuroprotective interventions such as cerebral hypothermia, use of a laryngeal mask versus endotracheal tube, and use of high-dose epinephrine. Areas of controversy are identified, as is the need for additional research to improve the scientific justification of each component of current and future resuscitation guidelines.
Humans↗
Effects of different social partners on the discriminated requesting of a young child with autism and severe language delays.
We examined the effects of two adult social partners on the requesting repertoire of a young child with autism and severe language delays. We used a multiple-schedule design (Kazdin, 1982) to evaluate the request topography that the participant emitted relative to each social partner's contingent differential reinforcement for specific requesting forms. The contingencies associated with each adult were reversed after the participant reached a preestablished criterion of discriminated responding. The participant learned to request in a discriminated manner in the presence of each social partner. Implications of these results are discussed.
Autistic Disorder↗
Efficacy and toxicity of paclitaxel (Taxol) for the treatment of canine malignant tumors.
Paclitaxel (Taxol) was administered to 25 dogs with histologically confirmed malignant tumors at a dosage of 165 mg/m2 i.v. over 3-6 hours every 3 weeks. Dogs received premedication with antihistimines and corticosteroids to reduce hypersensitivity reactions. However, 64% of the dogs still experienced allergic reactions. Six dogs (24%) had grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, 6 dogs (24%) required hospitalization and 3 dogs (12%) died of sepsis. Five dogs (20%) had a partial response (osteosarcoma [2 dogs] mammary carcinoma [2 dogs] and malignant histiocytosis [1 dog]) for a median duration of 53 days. The overall toxicity was unacceptable at the 165 mg/m2 dose. Therefore, subsequent evaluations of paclitaxel in tumor-bearing dogs should a starting dose of 132 mg/m2 i.v. every 3 weeks.
Animals↗
Managing bilateral or unilateral corneal opacities.
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Cornea↗
The rising cost of care: a universal problem.
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Australia↗
Central conduction time in progressive supranuclear palsy.
Progressive nuclear palsy (PSP) is a parkinson-like extrapyramidal disorder with pathological evidence of brain stem demyelination. We studied brain stem auditory (BAEP) and somatosensory (SSEP) evoked potentials in 8 patients with progressive supra-nuclear palsy to look for evidence of such central demyelination. We found minor alterations in BAEPs and frequently abnormal SSEPs, suggestive of brain stem white matter involvement in this disorder. Evoked potentials may assist in the differentiation of PSP from other parkinsonian conditions.
Aged↗
Pathogenic marine vibrio species in selected Nova Scotian recreational coastal waters.
Seven heavily frequented coastal recreation sites serving Metropolitan Halifax and Dartmouth were investigated to determine the numbers and species of pathogenic marine vibrios (PMV) present. Seawater, mussels and sea gull feces were cultured using quantitative methods and the effects of temperature and fecal pollution noted. Emergency rooms serving the sites under surveillance were monitored for PMV-related infections. All 11 recognized species of pathogenic marine vibrios were recovered from the 7 sites. Estuarine sites yielded a greater variety of species and greater numbers of PMV than non-estuarine sites. Culture of hand washings after immersion in seawater did not demonstrate contamination of skin by PMV. We did not demonstrate any cases of PMV infection associated with the 7 surveillance sites. PMV contamination of marine recreational waters does not frequently result in superficial infections.
Animals↗
The pill electrode. New technology as an adjunct to nursing assessment of patient arrhythmias.
The value of esophageal electrocardiography (ECG) in differential diagnosis of complex arrhythmias has been well known for the past half century. However, until recently, the technique was not widely used primarily because of the patient discomfort associated with esophageal placement of nasogastric tubes containing the ECG electrodes. With the advent of the pill electrode and development of appropriate recording methodology, interest in and use of esophageal electrocardiography has increased dramatically. In this article, the authors review the historic development of the pill electrode, recording technique, and current case studies in which the technique of pill electrode esophageal ECG monitoring facilitated differential diagnosis of complex arrhythmias.
Electrocardiography↗
Twenty questions for tanning facility operators: a survey of operator knowledge.
A two-page questionnaire was administered to 37 tanning operators in five municipalities in BC's lower mainland. The results were analyzed to determine the knowledge base of the participants as it related to ultraviolet radiation (UVR), tanning equipment, biological effects of exposure and the advice given to clients. Only 19% of the participants scored high enough to meet Alberta's criteria for adequate knowledge to operate a tanning facility. Participants seemed knowledgeable about skin type, premature skin aging effects, skin cancer, cataracts and skin and eye irritation. The greatest knowledge deficiencies identified were 1) the definition of UVA and UVB; 2) the biological role of UVA and UVB as it relates to tanning; 3) the degree to which UVA and UVB is emitted by sunbeds; and 4) knowledge of common drugs and medications that cause photosensitivity. Follow-up activity is briefly described.
Beauty Culture↗