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Biomedical subjects

B Peterson

Publications and source records attributed to B Peterson.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Alcohol consumption and premature death in middle-aged men.

All the men living in Malmö born in 1926-9 were invited for a screening examination which included an assessment of alcohol consumption and measurement of gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) activity. They were followed for up to four years (median 2) and their mortality assessed. Sixty-two deaths occurred, 41 (0.9%) among the 4571 men who attended the screening investigation and 21 (1.3%) among the 1609 who did not respond to the invitation. Evidence of alcohol abuse or an alcohol-related cause of death was present in 25 (61%) of the deaths among the attenders and 13 (62%) of those among the non-responders. GGT values at the screening investigation were significantly increased in 19 (46%) of those who died, but established risk factors, such as cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations and blood pressure, had little predictive value. Measurement of GGT provided an objective index of alcohol consumption, though the full clinical importance of a raised value needs further assessment. The finding that heavy alcohol consumption was the single most important factor associated with premature death in these middle-aged men has important implications for prevention.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1977

Morbidity of childhood near-drowning.

An assessment of morbidity in near-drowning was made from a review of emergency room and hospital records of 72 patients, ages 9 months to 20 years, who suffered near-drowning during the period January 1972 through June 1974. Fifteen patients (21% evidenced severe anoxic encephalopathy; the remainder had no detectable neurologic deficits. Hypoxemia was demonstrated in 56 patients. Severe acidosis was not present unless respiratory failure occurred. Neither electrolytes, red blood cell hemolysis, nor cardiac arrhythmias presented a problem. Respiratory complications included pulmonary edema, aspiration pneumonia, atelectasis, shock lung, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum. All children requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the emergency room suffered anoxic encephalopathy. The occurrence of seizures, fixed and dilated pupils, flaccid extremities, and lack of response to deep pain in the emergency room had almost universal correlation with resultant severe anoxic encephalopathy, as did a submersion period of six or more minutes. The morbidity of near-drowning is significant with regard to the number of children affected and the severity of the central nervous system insult received. The statement by the American Heart Association that resuscitative efforts in children should be continued for periods longer than ten minutes needs reevaluation, since neurologic recovery did not occur in any child requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the emergency room. More importantly, new methods of cerebral resuscitation need to be developed and established. In short, medical personnel need to think in terms of cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation (CPCR) rather than in terms of CPR.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Two-hour glucose and insulin responses after a standardized oral glucose load in relation to serum gamma-glutamyl transferase and alcohol consumption.

In a population study of 4,763 middle-aged men, the 120-min responses of blood glucose as well as plasma IRI in OGTTs were studied in subgroups of the screening population with different levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and/or defined alcohol consumption levels. In the group with low GGT (below the median, n - 2,196), both 120-min blood glucose and plasma IRI tended to be lower than in the whole screening cohort and there was a significantly smaller number of cases with 120-min blood glucose greater than or equal to 7.0 mmol/l. In a group of ideological alcohol abstainers the values of fasting as well as 120-min blood glucose were largely the same as in the average middle-aged men. In members of the study population with increased screening GGT, however, both fasting and especially, 120-min values of blood glucose and plasma IRI were higher than in the average males, particularly in the cases in which the interview revealed chronic heavy alcohol consumption as the predominant underlying factor associated with elevated GGT. In these individuals, the prevalence of 120-min screening OGTT blood glucose values greater than or equal to 7.0 mmol/l was 26%, in comparison with 13% in the average men and 9% in the individuals with screening GGT left of the median. This indicates that GGT and alcohol consumption are of clinical importance both for the results and interpretation of OGTTs.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention of alcohol-related problems in urban middle-aged males.

More than 30,000 individuals have been investigated in the continuous screening and intervention study in Malmö. Large subsamples of individuals with different levels of GGT (gamma-glutamyltransferase) have been characterized. GGT has proven to be a useful and simple tool in tracing, identifying, treating and controlling heavy drinkers. Furthermore, GGT seems to be a new and strong indicator of alcohol-related disabilities and short term mortality in the male population. Individuals with GGT in the tenth deecentile of the GGT distribution have been randomly selected for treatment or control. Results and follow-up for 60 months in the intervention study with randomized controls in middle-aged heavy drinkers indicate a significant reduction in alcohol consumption, sick absence, hospitalization and mortality. Thus, the intervention program seems to be effective in preventing complications of alcoholism on an individual basis.

Absenteeism↗