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Biomedical subjects

B Pernow

Publications and source records attributed to B Pernow.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Substance p: localization in the central nervous system and in some primary sensory neurons.

Antibodies to substance P with a high titer have been produced and used in immunohistochemical studies on the peripheral and central nervous system of the rat and the cat. Evidence was obtained for the localization of substance P in a certain population of primary sensory neurons, probably small nerve cells with unmyelinated processes. Substance P or a peptide similar to it was also observed in cell bodies in the medial habenula and in probable nerve terminals in many brain areas. The results give morphological support for a transmitter (or modulator) role of substance P in the nervous system.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Leg blood flow and muscle metabolism in occlusive arterial disease of the leg before and after reconstructive surgery.

1. Leg blood flow, uptake of oxygen and glucose and release of lactate by the leg and changes in intramuscular concentrations of metabolites were studied at rest and during exercise of increasing work loads in thirteen patients with occlusive disease of the iliac or superficial femoral arteries. 2. Leg blood flow (dye-dilution technique) and oxygen uptake during exercise were low and levelled with increasing work load. Considerable increases were noted in muscle lactate concentration and in the net release of lactate from the exercising leg. Muscle content (needle-biopsy technique) of ATP and creatine phosphate decreased during exercise, with an almost complete depletion of creatine phosphate in three patients. The decrease in muscle glycogen during work did not differ significantly from that of control subjects. 3. Repeated exercise after reconstructive surgery showed a considerable improvement in physical working capacity. Leg blood flow and oxygen uptake during exercise were significantly higher than before surgery and increased linearly in relation to work intensity. The decrease in creatine phosphate and lactate concentration of the thigh muscle during exercise was less pronounced and the release of lactate was lower than before vascular reconstruction. 4. It is suggested that the onset of the severe muscle symptoms during exercise in patients with occlusive arterial disease of the leg may be related to a low concentration of ATP and creatine phosphate in the affected muscles.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1975

Effect of substance P on various vascular beds in the dog.

Using the electromagnetic flowmeter technique, the blood flow in the aorta, carotid, hepatic, superior mesenteric, renal and femoral arteries and portal vein was recorded during continuous i.v. infusion of synthetic Substance P (SP) in 8 dogs. Systemic and portal blood pressures were recorded. A significant decrease in mean arterial blood pressure was recorded at infusion of SP in the femoral vein at a rate of 2.5 ng x min-1 x kg b.w.-1 or higher. Portal venous blood pressure increased. A rapid increase in the carotid, hepatic, mesenteric and portal blood flow was obtained at infusion rates of 1.2 ng x min-1 x kg b.w.-1 or higher. The femoral artery responded with a late, transient increase in flow, with a return to the base level while the infusion was still in progress. The renal artery 0lood flow decreased slightly at low infusion rates and increased at higher. At SP infusions in the portal vein the infusion rate had to be increased to 20 ng x min-1 x kg b.w.-1 or higher before any general vascular reactions lere recorded, indicating that the liver has a high capacity for inactivating SP.

Animals↗
PubMed1972

Uptake of individual free fatty acids by skeletal muscle and liver in man.

Arterial-venous concentration differences for individual free fatty acids (FFA) were measured across the deep tissues of the forearm, the splanchnic vascular bed, and the kidney in healthy, postabsorptive subjects. In addition, arterial-portal venous FFA differences were determined in five patients undergoing elective cholecystectomy. The differences in fractional uptake among the individual FFA across the forearm were small and not statistically significant. Splanchnic fractional uptake was high for FFA with short chain lengths and rose with increasing degree of unsaturation. Small, negative arterial-portal venous differences for individual FFA were observed, indicating that arterial-hepatic venous FFA differences mainly reflect hepatic uptake. When the arterial FFA concentration was reduced to approximately 25% of the control values by the administration of nicotinic acid, net uptake of total FFA ceased but there was release of stearic acid and uptake of lauric, myristic, and palmitoleic acid to the splanchnic region. Muscle and liver uptakes of individual FFA were both dependent on their arterial concentrations with the exception of the splanchnic uptake of stearic acid. There was no uptake of free arachidonic acid by either muscle or liver, nor was there significant uptake of any of the free fatty acids by the kidney. It is concluded (a) that there are important quantitative differences between the net exchanges of individual FFA across the splanchnic vascular bed, (b) that tracer studies of FFA metabolism require the determination of individual FFA specific activities, (c) that palmitic and oleic acid appear to be suitable tracers for the entire FFA fraction in most instances.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Free fatty acid metabolism of leg muscles during exercise in patients with obliterative iliac and femoral artery disease before and after reconstructive surgery.

The free fatty acid (FFA) uptake and oxidation and the carbohydrate substrate exchange of leg muscles were studied during exercise in 14 patients with occlusive disease of the iliac or femoral arteries before and 3-6 months after reconstructive vascular surgery and in 5 healthy subjects. (14)C-labeled oleic acid was infused continuously at rest and during exercise at work loads of 150-400 kg-m/min. The arterial concentration of FFA was similar both at rest and during exercise in patients and controls. The patients showed a smaller increase in the fractional turnover of FFA during exercise. Leg uptake and release of FFA in terms of micromoles per liter plasma did not differ significantly either at rest or during exercise between patients and controls. FFA oxidation could not be measured at rest but exercise data showed a lower fractional oxidation of FFA (P < 0.001) in the patient group (53+/-6%) compared with the controls (84+/-2%). For the entire material, fractional oxidation of FFA showed a significant negative regression on the lactate/pyruvate ratio in femoral venous blood. The ventilatory respiratory quotient (RQ) and the leg muscle exchange of glucose and lactate in the patients exceeded that of the controls. When six patients were studied after reconstructive surgery, fractional oxidation of FFA had risen from a preoperative value of 47+/-8 to 90+/-10%, other data for leg muscle FFA metabolism being unchanged. IT IS CONCLUDED: (a) that substrate catabolism by the leg muscles during exercise in these patients proceeds in excess of the simultaneous capacity to oxidize acetyl-CoA in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and (b) oxidation of FFA by contracting muscle is related to the muscle cell redox state.

Adult↗