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Biomedical subjects

B Perez

Publications and source records attributed to B Perez.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

A six-month clinical evaluation of the Dentrust toothbrush.

Clinical study guidelines have been established by the American Dental Association for assessing plaque and gingivitis reductions with chemotherapeutic agents. Two six-month studies are required. While the toothbrush is also instrumental in plaque and gingivitis reduction, there are currently no study requirements by the ADA for manual brush efficacy. It was thought to apply the long-term efficacy requirements for chemotherapeutic agents to two manual toothbrushes to assess their efficacy for comparative purposes. Forty-eight subjects using the Dentrust toothbrush and forty-five subjects using the Oral-B toothbrush completed a six-month study to assess safety, plaque removal and gingivitis reduction. The subjects were randomly assigned to use either the newly designed (three sided) Dentrust toothbrush or the traditional flat-headed toothbrush. The subjects took their respective toothbrushes home following a baseline evaluation, and were subsequently assessed at three and six months by the same examiners with the same indices in this single-blind trial. There were no significant differences between the two groups on plaque removal during the study. At six months, the Dentrust group removed a significant amount of both buccal and lingual plaque and the flat-headed toothbrush removed a significant amount of buccal plaque only. On gingivitis the groups had no significant differences at baseline; however, by six months the Dentrust group was significantly better than the flat-headed toothbrush on gingivitis reduction. Long-term use of the Dentrust toothbrush can be said to significantly contribute to gingival health overall, and especially in the hard to reach lingual areas compared to long-term use of a traditional flat-head toothbrush.

Adolescent↗

Six-month evaluation of Parodontax dentifrice compared to a placebo dentifrice.

Parodontax dentifrice, containing herbal ingredients and a sodium bicarbonate abrasive, has shown antiplaque effectiveness in laboratory and short term clinical studies. This study was to evaluate the efficacy of Parodontax versus a calcium carbonate placebo dentifrice using American Dental Association guidelines. Subjects (128) were randomly assigned to the two groups. Indices used were plaque area, gingivitis, bleeding on probing and stain at baseline, three and six months of unsupervised home use. With a minimal acceptable level of significance set at p < .05, the results of the ANOVA found no differences between the two groups on any parameter monitored at baseline or on the stain scores between the groups at any point in the study. Plaque area scores decreased with time in both groups and at three and six months Parodontax was significantly lower compared to the placebo on total surfaces. At six months, gingivitis scores decreased significantly in both groups compared to baseline. Bleeding on probing scores at six months were significantly lower in the Parodontax group compared to the placebo group. In this clinical study Parodontax dentifrice was found to be an effective agent for reducing plaque area, bleeding on probing and gingivitis.

Adolescent↗

Diltiazem enhances gentamicin nephrotoxicity in rats.

The effect of the calcium antagonist, diltiazem, was examined in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity states in rats. Animals were injected for 5 days with diltiazem intraperitoneally (40 mg/kg/day), or gentamicin subcutaneously (100 mg/kg/day) or simultaneously with both preparations using the same doses. At the time of sacrifice, the urea and creatinine clearances, as well as urine osmolality were determined and the renal tissues were processed for examination by light microscopy. Gentamicin-injected rats demonstrated the typical pattern of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity characterized by poliuric renal failure and necrosis of the proximal tubular epithelium. Rats injected with diltiazem revealed only mild depression of urine osmolality. There was no elevation of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine or depression of urea and creatinine clearances, and no focal tubular cell necrosis was detected. However, concomitant administration of both compounds considerably increased nephrotoxicity by according both histological indications and renal function measurements. Thus, we conclude that the combination of diltiazem and gentamicin must be used carefully in human clinical practice.

Acute Kidney Injury↗

Findings in 1,724 buccal smears from dentists.

No changes were found in the epithelial cells from the buccal mucosa of dentists with the use of the light microscope, electron microscope, or electron probe that could be correlated with mercury exposure under the conditions of this test. In a normal population it can be expected that at least 0.01% of the population will show class 2 atypical smears. Patients with class 2 smears have fewer highly matured epithelial cells (tendency toward keratinization) of the buccal mucosa and hence a thinner epithelium.

Dentists↗

Noncytokinetic radiation injury: anticoagulants as radioprotective agents in experimental radiation hepatitis.

Rats that have been irradiated with a single dose of 1500 roentgens directed to the liver show the following abnormalities: increased clearance of colloidal gold by the liver at 30 days, a decreased albumin space index at 30 days, and increased alkaline phosphatase at 60 days. In each of these cases, animals receiving Depo-heparin in dose ranges reasonable for human application had essentially normal values. There was no radioprotective effect with salicylates at the doses used. Higher doses of salicylates resulted in death of the animals.

Albumins↗