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Biomedical subjects

B Panning

Publications and source records attributed to B Panning.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Activation of expression of multiple subfamilies of human Alu elements by adenovirus type 5 and herpes simplex virus type 1.

The nearly one million Alu repetitive elements in the human genome can be grouped into a number of subfamilies. Comparisons between subfamily consensus sequences suggest that Alu evolution is characterized by the sequential amplification and dispersal of a limited number of Alu founder sequences. The S, Sb and Sb1 subfamilies provide an example of such a related series of Alu subfamilies. We have previously demonstrated that adenovirus type 5 and herpes simplex virus type 1 activate RNA polymerase III transcription of endogenous Alu elements in HeLa cells. Here, we report that expression of Alu sequences belonging to the S, Sb and Sb1 subfamilies was activated following infection with these viruses. The data indicate that transpositionally inactive Alu elements can give rise to high levels of pol III transcripts in the presence of appropriate trans-acting factors and demonstrate that the class III promoters of a significant number and variety of Alu sequences are functional in vivo. Multiple subfamilies of Alu sequences were induced in transformed and non-transformed cell types, suggesting that induction of Alu expression may be part of the normal cellular response to viral infection.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1995

Cardioverter-defibrillator implantation in the catheterization laboratory: initial experiences in 48 patients.

The exponential increase in cardioverter-defibrillator implantations has resulted in a need for safe implantations that do not require long waiting periods. We report intraoperative and follow-up results in 48 patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias who underwent cardioverter-defibrillator implantation in the catheterization laboratory. Twenty-six (54%) patients had their first cardioverter-defibrillator implant (group 1), and 22 (46%) patients underwent pulse-generator replacement (group 2). In all patients, cardioverter-defibrillator implant or pulse-generator replacement was performed with the patient under general anesthesia. In 25 (96%) of 26 patients in group 1, cardioverter-defibrillator implantation was possible with a mean defibrillation threshold of 13 +/- 8 J. One patient had a defibrillation threshold of > 25 J, and therefore cardioverter-defibrillator implant was not achieved. This patient underwent epicardial device implantation 1 day later. Another patient in group 1 had vessel rupture (vena subclavia) intraoperatively. During a mean follow-up of 2 +/- 1 months, two patients died from congestive heart failure 2 and 4 months after device implantation. An infection occurred in one patient in group 2, 3 months after generator replacement. In conclusion, these data show that in the majority of patients cardioverter-defibrillator implantation in the catheterization laboratory is safe and has a low complication rate and therefore can generally be recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Cardioverter-defibrillator implantation in the heart catheterization laboratory--observations with 105 patients].

Today, we are facing an exponential increase in implantation of cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). The intraoperative and follow-up results are reported in 105 patients (pts) with ventricular tachyarrythmias who underwent ICD implantation in the catheterization laboratory. Fifty-seven pts (54%) hat their first ICD implant (G 1), whereas 46 pts (44%) underwent pulse generator replacement or electrode revision (2 pts, 2%) (G 2). In all pts, ICD implant or pulse generator replacement was performed under general anesthesia from the beginning. In 57/58 pts (98%) in G 1, ICD implantation was possible with a mean defibrillation threshold (DFT) of 13 +/- 8 joules. One patient hat a DFT of > 25 joules and ICD implantation was not achieved. This patient underwent epicardial lead implantation 1 day later. One patient in G 1 had a vessel rupture (v. subclavia) intraoperatively. During a mean follow-up of 5 +/- 2 (< 1-13) months, three pts (3%) died from congestive heart failure, 2, 4 and 6 months after device implantation. An infection occurred in 1 patient in G 2, 3 months after generator replacement. Our data show that in the majority of patients ICD implantation in the cath-lab is possible, safe, and the complication rate is low. Therefore, ICD implantation in the cath-lab can generally be recommended.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Activation of RNA polymerase III transcription of human Alu elements by herpes simplex virus.

We found that HSV infection of HeLa cells strongly induces RNA polymerase III transcription of endogenous human Alu elements, resulting in the accumulation of high levels of cytoplasmic RNAs initiated from Alu pol III promoters. Induction required viral protein synthesis and occurred during infection with a viral mutant bearing a null mutation in the immediate-early (IE) gene encoding ICP4, suggesting that one or more IE proteins are sufficient for activation. However, mutations in each of the other four IE genes had no effect on activation of Alu expression. We therefore conclude that HSV most likely encodes at least two proteins that are each sufficient to activate Alu transcription and that at least one of these is an IE protein other than ICP4.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Neuroendocrine phenotype differentiation in a hamster lung epithelial cell line under low oxygen pressure or after transformation by diethylnitrosamine.

Oxygen pressure as low as 5% in the gas phase or 87 mmHg in the liquid phase induced various neuroendocrine cell (NEC) phenotypes in more than 80% of cells of a cloned fetal Syrian hamster lung epithelial cell line (M3E3/C3). Further, cells from a number of colonies transformed in an anchorage-independent manner by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) demonstrated a NEC phenotype. Since the cell line used is of a pluripotent stem cell type, both hypoxia and DEN appear to possess a potency for NEC phenotype induction.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Emergency intubation with the Combitube in a patient with persistent vomiting].

Prompt establishment of a patient airway and effective ventilation are the major goals during initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with cardiac arrest. Endotracheal intubation is the definitive method to maintain an optimal airway. However, endotracheal intubation is not always possible, even for the skilled physician. The Combitube has been developed to overcome this disadvantage. Studies have proved the effectivity of ventilation with this device. A case is reported where a patient suffered from acute respiratory failure and attempts at endotracheal intubation failed due to continued vomiting rendering fibre-optical visualisation of the vocal cords impossible. Blind insertion of the Combitube led to successful ventilation, and hence replacement by an endotracheal airway could be performed without danger of aspiration.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Plasma volume estimation using indocyanine green. A single intravenous injection method.

The validity and reliability of plasma volume estimation using indocyanine green were investigated in five in vitro experiments and in three in vivo series. The in vitro measurements reflected real volumes with an error of about 1%. Comparative measurements in the same patients using indocyanine green or Cr51 labelled red cells differed by 1.7% (r = 0.97). The mean (SD) plasma volume difference between two successive plasma volume measurements using indocyanine green was 38 (43) ml (r = 0.99). Plasma volume measured before and about 7 min after a hyperosmolar saline bolus (100 ml, 1 molar) was increased by 223 (102) ml and 286 (49) ml when determined by indocyanine green and plasma protein changes respectively. Nevertheless, the necessity for central venous injection and arterial sampling restricts the possible application of the method to intra-operative or emergency care use.

Blood Volume Determination↗
PubMed1993

Activation of RNA polymerase III transcription of human Alu repetitive elements by adenovirus type 5: requirement for the E1b 58-kilodalton protein and the products of E4 open reading frames 3 and 6.

We found that transcription of endogenous human Alu elements by RNA polymerase III was strongly stimulated following infection of HeLa cells with adenovirus type 5, leading to the accumulation of high levels of Alu transcripts initiated from Alu polymerase III promoters. In contrast to previously reported cases of adenovirus-induced activation of polymerase III transcription, induction required the E1b 58-kDa protein and the products of E4 open reading frames 3 and 6 in addition to the 289-residue E1a protein. In addition, E1a function was not required at high multiplicities of infection, suggesting that E1a plays an indirect role in Alu activation. These results suggest previously unsuspected regulatory properties of the adenovirus E1b and E4 gene products and provide a novel approach to the study of the biology of the most abundant class of dispersed repetitive DNA in the human genome.

Adenovirus E1A Proteins↗
PubMed1991

Short term volume effects of a hypertonic saline bolus during neurosurgery.

Intracranial hypertension which does not respond to customary hyperosmotic agents may successfully be treated with hypertonic saline. The absence of diuresis and the maintainance of intravascular volume are supposed to be the main advantages of hypertonic sodium chloride. Volume overload and toxic hyperosmolality from frequent application of such solutions are possible disadvantages. The presented experiments checked the time course of intravascular volume shifts after a 100 ml 1-molar saline bolus in 14 patients during neurosurgery using plasma protein concentration changes. An initial intravascular volume expansion of about 270 ml remained quite unchanged for the first 8 minutes, followed by a nearly linear decrease. Extrapolation of the curves demonstrated that the preinfusion state would have been reached after about 20 minutes. Osmolality remained increased by about 4 mosmol/kg 15 min after the bolus. Thus it appears that repetitive infusion of these amounts of hypertonic saline will cause no serious volume overload if 30 minutes intervals are kept, but osmolality should be checked before each bolus.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Joseph Weiger and the introduction of anesthesia in Vienna].

The first administration of ether in Vienna was performed by Schuh in 1847. 2 days later also von Wattmann used ether for anaesthesia. Approximately at the same time the nowadays nearly unknown dentist Joseph Weiger began to give ether anaesthesia for dental surgery. He reported in 1850 about his experiences in more than 21,000 operations. A further publication in 1851 gave a survey about the known ether literature.

Anesthesia, Dental↗
PubMed1991

[Inner ear deafness following lumbar puncture. A complication requiring patient education?].

Deafness after lumbar puncture has been reported occasionally. Until now this complication has been regarded as spontaneously reversible, but a more recent publication of three cases of irreversible hearing loss possibly caused by lumbar puncture casts doubt on this. It has been proposed that this complication should be included in the pre-operative information given to patients, but we oppose this proposal.

Deafness↗
PubMed1990

Determination of circulating blood volume by measurement of indocyanine green dye in hemolysate: a preliminary study.

In 8 emergency care patients blood volume was determined using Cr5I labelled erythrocytes and indocyanine green (ICG). Prior to measurement of ICG in blood with a spectrophotometer, the blood was hemolyzed with Triton-X. A close correlation of r = 0.97 between the Cr51 and the ICGTR-X estimates was found; the ICGTR-X volume was about 3% lower than the Cr51 volume. In five additional in vitro experiments the ICGTR-X method was found to reflect real volumes with an insignificant error of less than 1%. Blood volume determination with ICGTR-X cannot be applied in cases of circulatory failure. ICG should be administered in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg of body weight. For calibration purposes, a two point calibration curve (point 1: point of intersection of x and y axis; point 2: 5 mg ICG/1 of blood) is sufficient. From these preliminary experiments it is concluded that the ICGTR-X method is a rapid and simple technique of blood volume determination with multiple reproducibility which can be carried out in any clinical laboratory.

Blood Volume Determination↗
PubMed1990

[Cerebral perfusion pressure in acute blood pressure decrease with hyperosmolar sorbitol in anesthesia conditions].

Osmotherapy with sorbitol during intracranial surgery caused a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure. It was shown that this sometimes very desirable reaction did not cause relevant decreases in cerebral perfusion pressure, but was on the contrary accompanied by an increase in cerebral perfusion pressure in patients with severely elevated ICP (greater than 30 mmHg). 8 patients were studied by measuring the arterial and intracranial pressure during intraoperative infusions of sorbitol 40% (3 ml/kg body weight). Our findings are explained by the simultaneous decrease in arterial and intracranial pressure. During intracranial surgery sorbitol can be used as the antihypertensive agent of choice for treating hypertensive dysregulation of arterial blood pressure in the initial phase of craniotomy before opening the dura.

Anesthesia, General↗