Biomedical subjects

B Palcic

Publications and source records attributed to B Palcic.

119 records · Page 7Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

An automated image cytometry system for monitoring DNA ploidy and other cell features of radiotherapy and chemotherapy patients.

DNA content and distribution in cell nuclei were studied in samples of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) from 27 locally advanced breast and head and neck cancers in two going randomized trials that compared accelerated fractionation to standard fractionation radiation in locally advanced breast cancer and head and neck cancer. Two image cytometry methods were compared: a new, fully automated DNA image cytometry system (AIC) and a conventional image cytometry (CIC) system with manual selection, focusing, and segmentation of cells. The results of both techniques were compared on the basis of DNA histogram parameters including DNA index (DI), mean DNA values (MDV), and Auer's DNA histogram patterns. An excellent correlation was achieved between the two imaging techniques in terms of DI (r=0.985, p<0.001) and MDV (r=0.951, p<0.001) as well as between Auer's histogram patterns, where both methods agreed completely. It was concluded in these analyses that the two image cytometry methods were equivalent. However, the AIC offered an advantage by scanning samples in a fully automated way, which represented significant time saving for cytopathologists working with the system, as well as a larger number of cells used in the automated analysis. With the automated image cytometer, 500 relevant cells were collected and analyzed in about 10 minutes, where with the interactive (manual) method, it took typically an hour to collect and analyze only about 250 cells. Seventeen samples were sufficient for flow analysis. Image cytometry and flow cytometry showed good agreement in DI determination; however, three cases reported as diploid by flow cytometry were found to be aneuploid by image cytometry techniques.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fluorescent location of abnormal cells in cell smears obtained from the lungs of patients with lung cancer.

A bronchoscope fitted with a brush was used to collect cells from patients with lung tumours. The cells were either made into smears or deposited as monolayers on microscope slides. Using a fluorescent probe for the cell surface enzyme, referred to as guanidinobenzoatase, abnormal cells were readily distinguished from normal cells which lacked this enzyme.

Aminacrine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Correlation of cell surface fluorescence with conventional PAP analysis of cells of cytological interest obtained from cervical scrapes.

Archival PAP stained cervical smears were destained and treated with a fluorescent probe for a cell surface enzyme (GB). Cells which exhibited cell surface fluorescence were demonstrated to be cells of cytological interest in the analysis of cervical smears. These cells could be directly related to PAP and reclassified by subsequent restaining with PAP. Fluorescent cell surface technology was shown to be compatible with conventional PAP staining.

Cervix Uteri↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The fluorescent location of abnormal cervical cells employing the principle of differential competitive inhibition.

The screening of cervical smears is concerned with the detection of abnormal epithelial cells which may be indicative of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Several types of cells in cervical smears possess a cell surface protease where isoenzymic forms of this enzyme can be differentially inhibited. Using this phenomenon a simple fluorescent technique has been developed in conjunction with differential competitive inhibition which enables abnormal cervical epithelial cells to bind the fluorescent probe whilst other cells do not bind the probe. The abnormal cells can then be located by fluorescence microscopy and their co-ordinates recorded for subsequent characterisation of these cells by nuclear analysis employing haematoxylin to stain the nuclei.

Aminacrine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fluorescent location of malignant cells in smears obtained from sputum.

A fluorescent probe (rhodamine a-N-agmatine) has been used to locate cells possessing a surface protease in sputum smears. Malignant epithelial cells possess this protease and can be quickly located by this technique. These results have been confirmed by using a second fluorescent probe (9-animo acridine) for this same cell surface protease.

Agmatine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The application of double fluorescence to the rapid selection of atypical cervical epithelial cells spread in monolayers.

Monolayer spreads of cervical cells were prepared and reacted in sequence with two fluorescent probes. The nuclei were reacted with 4,6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), resulting in white fluorescence of all cell nuclei. Those cells possessing active guanidinobenzoatase (GB) bound the second probe, rhodamine-alpha-N-agmatine (Rh-Agm), resulting in orange cell surface fluorescence. Atypical epithelial cells possessed both active GB and enlarged nuclei; such cells could easily be recognised by their cytological appearance. We illustrate our results in the form of colour prints which are representative of our observations of cells in both normal and abnormal cervical spreads.

Agmatine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

The status of the surface enzyme guanidinobenzoatase on mature epithelial cells in sputum cell monolayers.

Mature epithelial cells derived from the sputum of normal healthy adults lack GB, while the epithelial cells of sputum collected from patients with lung tumours contain a spectrum of epithelial cells with active GB, some of which are clearly tumour cells, based upon their morphology. The presence of abnormal epithelial cells was confirmed by the cytologist whilst observing the fluorescent stained cells and later by independent cytological analysis of these same cells employing conventional stains.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fluorescent location of cells of cytological interest in cervical smears prestained with thionin.

Cervical cells of cytological interest were located in conventional smears, treated with thionin for quantitative DNA staining by subsequent treatment with fluorescent probes for a cell surface protease. Normal mature cervical epithelial cells failed to bind these fluorescent probes whilst metaplastic cells, glandular cells, and dyskaryotic cells were readily located. By this means, the nuclear staining of these fluorescent cells of cyotological interest enabled them to be classified by a cytologist.

Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A simple clinical method for the preparation of improved cervical smears-approximating to monolayers.

Conventionally prepared cervical smears contain multilayers of cells deposited within strands of mucin. The present study is concerned with chemical reduction of disulphide bonds in the mucin leading to depolymerisation prior to forming a smear in the conventional manner. The resultant distribution of cells on the slide is similar to that obtained by machines designed to produce monolayers of cells. These monolayers have been developed for use in automated analysis of cervical smears and sputum samples. This new technique does not interfere with conventional PAP analysis of dyskaryotic cells nor does it interfere with the fluorescent location of such cells of cytological interest.

Dithiothreitol↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Sputum cells from lung tumor patients carry a cell surface marker not found in normal sputum.

Cells were collected from sites of known lung tumours and corresponding control areas of these lungs. Fluorescent staining demonstrated that the tumour cells and epithelial cells (cytologically these cells appeared normal) both possessed a receptor for these fluorescent probes. Fluorescent labelling of sputum cells from these tumour patients also resulted in fluorescent labelling of these "cyto logically normal" epithelial cells. No such fluorescent epithelial cells were observed in sputum samples collected from control subjects or in cells collected from the control areas of the tumour patients' lungs. We conclude that a cell surface protein receptor is expressed in lung tumour-associated epithelial cells but is absent from control sputum epithelial cells.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Fluorescent location of lung tumour cells.

Cells were collected on glass slides by touching tumour surfaces (A) and normal regions (B) of the lung. The slides were stained with a nuclear stain and a fluorescent probe for a tumour associated cell surface protein. The (B) slides from the normal regions lacked fluorescent epithelial cells. The tumour slides (A) contained typical tumour cells and dyskaryotic cells which exhibited cell surface fluorescence.

Acridines↗