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Biomedical subjects

B Padovani

Publications and source records attributed to B Padovani.

67 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Cancer of the prostate. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of extracapsular extension].

The stage of the tumor is commonly underestimated prior to radical prostatectomy for carcinoma. Can the growth of clinically localized carcinomas beyond their capsule be predicted with the modern medical imaging techniques (MRI and CT)? On the basis of 30 successive prostatectomies, we conclude that CT is ineffective. On the contrary, MRI seems to be an effective technique for this indication. However, no examination yet is better than clinical assessment.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Can CT scanner and MRI predict capsular invasion of local cancer of the prostate? A study of 20 radical prostatectomies].

Spread beyond the capsule is a poor prognosis factor in clinically localized carcinomas of the prostate; preoperative diagnosis is difficult and clinical evaluation usually underestimates tumor spread. This prospective study was undertaken to confront results of the conventional workup (rectal examination, transrectal ultrasonography and PSA) and of CT scan and MRI findings with findings upon the pathologic study of operative specimens following radical prostatectomy. Results show that the conventional workup remains the diagnostic gold standard and that CT scan yields no additional information. Technically faultless MRI with sections in the three planes is a good means for analyzing the capsule of the prostate.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

[Intra-abdominal hemangiopericytoma. Presentation of 5 cases and review of the literature].

Intra-abdominal hemangiopericytomas are rare lesions, accounting of only 10% of all hemangiopericytomas. A total of five cases are reviewed: two malignant gastric lesions, two intraperitoneal malignancies, and one "benign" pancreatic lesion with a malignant hepatic recurrence. The images obtained by ultrasonographic and CT studies corresponded either to predominantly cystic or to solid lesions. Aside from the 50% of hemangiopericytomas that are malignant from the outset, the major problem with such lesions is the uncertain nature of their natural course.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Lymphoma of nasal and sinus cavities].

Seven cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses are reported. All but one were primary lesions. Five of the 7 cases involved only the facial structures. Sites of involvement were the maxillary sinus (4 cases), the nasal fossae (2 cases), and one case in which lesions of both the ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses were associated with intracranial extension. CT studies showed sinus opacification and invasion of adjacent structures, but bone destruction was inconstant. Follow-up studies during treatment revealed rapid tumor regression with non specific images of mucosal hypertrophy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Colostomy vs self-expanding metallic stents: comparison of the two techniques in acute tumoral left colonic obstruction].

UNLABELLED: Self-expanding metallic stents is an alternative treatment to colostomy that is the treatment of choice in acute tumoral left colonic obstruction. AIM OF THE STUDY: To compare morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay and treatment performed after desobstruction using the two methods. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-three patients admitted for acute obstruction of the left colon were retrospectively separated in two groups depending on the type of intervention performed to treat the obstruction ("colostomy" group: 17 patients and "self-expanding stent group": 16 patients). We studied complications after desobstruction, hospital courses and surgical strategy performed after the acute phase. RESULTS: Time between desobstruction and colectomy was shorter in the "self-expanding stent group" than in the "colostomy group" (18.5 days versus 73 days). Age superior than 75 years and colostomy were the two main factors predicting the risk of definitive colostomy (P < 0.05). Global mean hospital stay was longer in the colostomy group (32.7 days versus 19.3 days, P = 0.02). Two perforations and one local recurrence occurred in the "self-expanding stent group". CONCLUSIONS: Self-expanding metallic stent can decrease the permanent colostomy rate and the number of interventions. The recurrence rate seems to be theoretically increased with the stenting method. Then, colostomy must be done for patients in curative situation. The self-expanding metallic stent should be used as a palliative care.

Acute Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Etiologic diagnosis of hepatic lesions in cancer patients. Value of ultrasound and liver function tests.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of a combination of ultrasound (US) and liver function tests (LFT) for determination of the benign or malignant nature of one or more hepatic lesions in cancer patients. A total of 1235 patients with hepatic metastases and 832 patients with benign liver lesions investigated by US-LFT over a 12-year period were analyzed retrospectively. Ultrasound patterns considered indicative of a benign process (cyst, calcification without mass, irregular hyperechoic area without mass effect, small hyperechoic focal lesion as less than 3 cm) or malignancy (peritumoral halo, hypoechoic focal lesion, multiple solid nodules) were associated with LFT results. A US pattern of a benign process associated with normal LFT led to a diagnosis of benign disease with a false negative rate for malignancy of 11.6%. The highest figure corresponded to small hyperechoic nodules, for which the positive predictive value of malignancy (PPVM) depended on the type of primary cancer: 2.1% for breast cancer versus 62.5% for colorectal cancer. A US criterion of malignancy associated with abnormal LFT led to a diagnosis of malignancy (PPV 96.2% to 100%). Overall, the combination of US and LFT had a sensitivity of 80.6% and a specificity of 99.4%. The US-LFT combination correctly determined the benign or malignant nature of 74.5% of all hepatic lesions; the PPV was never less than 96.2% (small and solitary hyperechoic focal lesions were excluded because their PPV for malignancy is too high).

Calcinosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Inferior vena cava hypoplasia with intrahepatic venous continuation: sonographic, angiographic and MR features including MR angiography.

In cases of inborn or acquired obstacles on the inferior vena cava (IVC), the derived blood flow usually goes through collaterals in the azygos or the hemiazygos venous systems. Exceptionally, a collateral pathway through the portal system or through an anastomosis in between hepatic veins, shunting the IVC interruption, is encountered. In the present paper, the authors describe the fortuitous discovery of a IVC hypoplasia in its retrohepatic segment. MR venography, correlated with fluoroscopic angiography, clearly depicted an intrahepatic collateral circulation consisting of a double aneurysmal communication between an inferior right hepatic vein and the main right hepatic vein.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[X-ray computed tomography in surveillance of colorectal cancers treated by radical surgery].

This retrospective study covered 44 patients treated by abdominoperineal amputation (17 normal postoperative cases, 25 relapses, 2 abscesses) and 13 patients with disease recurrence after resection of a colorectal cancer. Twenty-nine of the 38 relapses occurred in less than two years. Recurrent lesions after abdominoperineal amputation (25 cases) were convex and generally larger than 3 cm in diameter; 13 of these lesions invaded contiguous structures. Endoscopic findings were positive for 11 of the 13 post-resection relapses whereas CT was positive in only 9 of the 13 cases (but included the 2 cases not diagnosed by endoscopy). 13 cases were punctured under CT guidance, but results were positive in only 11 cases. Endoscopy remains the first examination that should be performed for the follow-up of colic resections, but CT should be performed systematically when monitoring patients who have undergone abdominoperineal amputation.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Echography of the superficial lymph nodes].

We reviewed the literature on the echographic examination of diseased superficial lymph nodes in the cervical, axillary, the internal mammary and inguinal regions. The anatomy and the technique of the echographic examination were reviewed followed by the role and limitations of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The echographic presentation of normal, inflammatory and tumoral lymph nodes was discussed in light of the indications for echography of the superficial lymph nodes in ear-nose-throat and breast cancer and in cases of lymphomas.

Breast Neoplasms↗