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Biomedical subjects

B Norberg

Publications and source records attributed to B Norberg.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Urinary pH and the indwelling catheter.

The pH of the urine within a blocked indwelling catheter was significantly higher than the pH of the first urine portion from the new catheter. This observation suggests that the urinary pH was changed in an alkaline direction within the indwelling catheter, probably due to the production of ammonia induced by urease from Proteus strains. This pH gradient could only be demonstrated under conditions where the circadian pH variations of the urine within the individual could be neglected.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

The computer leucocyte. Analysis of the random movement of leucocytes in a visual field by means of computer simulation.

In vital preparations moving polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) disappear from the visual field. The present study provides evidence by means of geometrical analysis and computer simulation, that this disappearance is due to a heterogeneous distribution of the PMNs at the beginning of observation. The path of random-moving computer leucocytes is more tortuous than the path of comparable vital PMNs without obvious attractant, i.e. vital PMNs supposed to be random-moving. This finding is in agreement with the Allan-Wilkinson observation of 'persistent random walk' of vital cells.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1979

Effect of short-term high-dose treatment with methenamine hippurate on urinary infection in geriatric patients with an indwelling catheter. IV. Clinical evaluation.

An evaluation has been made of the clinical and laboratory effects of short-term (34 days), high-dose (2g x 3 daily) treatment with methenamine hippurate (MH) of 14 geriatric patients with an indwelling catheter and clinical features of urinary tract infection. During MH treatment the number of catheter changes was halved, each catheter remaining in situ for an average of 12.0 days as compared to 6.2 days in the pre-treatment control period and 5.2 days in the post-treatment control period; the difference is significant (p = 0.008; Friedman two-way analysis of variance). Urine pH was reduced (pH 7.0--6.5--7.0; p = 0.01) and the standard bicarbonate in blood was slightly elevated (24.1--25.7--25.0 mmol/l; p= 0.008) during the MH treatment period, when compared to pre- and post-treatment control periods. It is suggested that MH treatment reduced the complications associated with indwelling catheters due to reduction in urine pH, bacteriuria, and pyuria. Blockage of catheters is thought to be due to intraluminal salt precipitations with trapping of clumps, and is primarily not correlated with urine viscosity.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The effect of short-term high-dose treatment with methenamine hippurate of urinary infection in geriatric patients with indwelling catheters. I. The preparation and morphology of a quantified urine sediment.

A quantified sediment of the urine from patients with indwelling catheters was prepared by fixation of 0.1 ml urine in 0.9 ml 2% glutaraldehyde immediately after sampling. Slide preparations were then made from 0.2 ml of the glutaraldehyde suspensions by means of a cytocentrifuge. Bacteria and epithelial cells were properly contrasted by the May-Grünwald-Giemsa stain but haematoxylin-eosin and the Papanicolaou stain were superior as regards leukocyte morphology. It is suggested that glutaraldehyde-cytocentrifuge preparations of the urine cytology may be useful in the evaluation of urinary infection and in the evaluation of the therapy of urinary infection.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The effect of short-term high-dose treatment with methenamine hippurate of urinary infection in geriatric patients with indwelling catheters. II. Evaluation by means of a quantified urine sediment.

The urine sediment of 12 geriatric patients with indwelling catheters was quantified by the glutaraldehyde-cytocentrifuge method prior to, during and after a clinical trial of methenamine hippurate (MH), 2 g x 3 daily given for 34 days as the sole therapeutic agent for the urinary tract infection. The median leukocyte concentration in the urine of these patients was 100 cells/microliter (Q1 - Q3 50-350), i.e. tenfold higher than the upper normal limits reported in healthy probands. The median bacteriuria in the control period was 12 x 10(5) bacteria/ml urine, interquartile range 10-60 x 10(5) bacteria/ml and extreme individual values 300-500 x 10(5) bacteria/ml. Hematuria, defined as greater than or equal to 24 erythrocytes/microliter urine, was not prominent and could not be correlated with MH treatment, nor with catheter changes. The reported observations suggest that short-term high-dose treatment with MH as sole therapeutic agent reduced pyruria and bacteriuria in the group of patients studied.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Mononuclear leucocyte chemotaxis in Boyden chambers: inhibition by subantimitotic concentrations of antitubulins.

The chemotaxis of Lymphoprep -isolated human mononuclear leucocytes (L-MNs) from peripheral blood was inhibited by subantimitotic concentrations of the antitubulins demecolcine, podophyllic acid ethylhydrazide, vinblastine and griseofulvin. It is suggest that L-MN chemotaxis, like polymorphonuclear leucocyte (PMN) chemotaxis, is composed of a direct antitubulin-insensitive chemotaxis and a leukocyte-induced antitubulin-sensitive chemotaxis.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

The phagocytosis-associated chemotaxis of human mononuclear leucocytes from peripheral blood is not antitubulin-sensitive.

Lymphoprep-isolated and glass-adherent mononuclear leucocytes (L-MNs) from the peripheral blood of healthy donors appeared to display directional locomotion towards sparsely distributed yeast cells during continuous observation in coverslip preparations and during observations by means of time-lapse filming in Rose chambers. The phagocytosis-associated L-MN chemotaxis was not inhibited by antitubulin concentrations which were antichemotactic thesis that a direct antitubulin-insensitive chemotaxis exists in L-MNs, besides the antitubulin-inhibited L-MN chemoataxis reported in a previous study.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1978

Locomotion and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) in infected urine. Reversal of PMN polarity.

The appearance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), fixed during locomotion and phagocytosis in deposits of infected urine, is described. By comparison with previous observations on vital PMNs, it is inferred that the anterior lamellipodium is the direction-choosing and prey-catching cell organelle. During phagocytosis the lamellipodium may assume such proportions that a reversal of cell polarity is produced, i.e., the lamellipodium forms the handle of a hand-mirror cell.

Cell Movement↗
PubMed1978

Lymphocyte migration through the walls of the post-capillary venules.

The results of morphological analyses of the direction of the lymphocyte traffic through the walls of the HE-venules are conflicting. The aim of this paper is to provide a short analytical review of the evidence available for the bi-directional hypothesis and for the uni-directional hypothesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Amoeboid movement configuration in tumour cells of bone marrow smears from patients with leukaemia. Incidence and significance.

The incidence of amoeboid movement configuration (AMC), a cell shape suggestive of cell locomotion at the moment of fixation, has been studied in the tumour cells of bone marrow smears from leukaemia patients at the time of diagnosis. The groups of patients with CML (n = 8), ALL (n = 5) and CLL (n = 9) were small, and the incidences of AMC were close to those found in the corresponding cell lines from healthy probands. In 39 patients with AML, the incidence of AMC was higher than in the other cell lines investigated. A positive skew distribution of AMC values and a positive significant correlation between incidence of AMC were found at the time of diagnosis and subsequent survival of the patients with AML, in spite of differences in treatment. It is suggested that this positive correlation may be due to an immune reaction of the patients against their tumour cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Cytochalasin B partially inhibits the oxalate-induced radial segmentation of mononucleated blood cells.

Cytochalasin B (CB), 5 microgram/ml (= 1.0 x 10(-5) M), inhibited the oxalate-induced radial segmentation of the nuclei of lymphocytes and monocytes from peripheral blood. The median inhibition was 60%. The oxalate-induced radial segmentation (RS) is thought to be due to a microtubule-dependent contraction of the intermitotic residue of the mitotic apparatus around the nucleus. CB is thought to inhibit cell locomotion and cytokinesis by a centripetal contraction of the membrane-associated contractile cell layer without subsequent relaxation. It is thus suggested that the CB inhibition of the oxalate-induced RS was due to a spatial interference of the CB-induced contraction with the formation of RS nuclei.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1977

Amoeboid movement in human leucocytes: basic mechanisms, cytobiological and clinical significance.

The present paper is an analytical review of the information available on amoeboid movement in human leucocytes. The reported evidence suggests that leucocyte locomotion is due to pressure developed in the cell cortex in the middle and posterior parts of the moving cell, that 4 nm fibrils may provide at least part of the ultrastructural basis of locomotion, that actin-like and myosin-like proteins may be involved in the mechanism of movement and that ATP may serve as an energy source. Leucocyte motility appears to be governed mainly by factors produced in the external medium. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the most antitubulin-susceptible cell mechanism known; from this observation an essential role of microtubule redistribution in chemotaxis is inferred. In contrast, the random movement of neutrophils is not appreciably affected by antimitotic concentrations of antitubulins. Amoeboid movement seems to be an important mechanism in the short-distance locomotion and immunological functions of leucocytes.

Actins↗