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B Ndiaye

Publications and source records attributed to B Ndiaye.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Xeroderma pigmentosum: report of 6 cases in Dakar].

We report 6 cases of black Senegalese boys with xeroderma pigmentosum. They were between 2 and 16 year-old and presented features of hypersensitivity to UV (keratosis, lentigines, poikilodermia and photophobia). Our cases were remarkable by the early occurrence of squamous cell and basal cell carcinoma located in photoexposed sites causing the death of 5 of them. Xeroderma pigmentosum must be considered as the first preneoplastic genodermatosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Infiltrated cutaneous leishmaniasis and sporotrichosis caused by Leishmania major. First Senegalese case].

We report in Senegal a case of infiltrated cutaneous leishmaniasis and sporothricoid due to Leishmania major MON-74. The diagnosis of our case was based on the cytologic, histologic and immunoparasitological examination. The patient was completely cured by 3 courses of 15 days of glucan-time. Our case completes the spectrum of the clinical presentation of tegumentary leishmaniasis.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Necrotizing dermatitis due to Vibrio Vulnificus].

BACKGROUND: Vibrio vulnificus is a Gram-negative halophilic pathogen for man that can cause septicemia in patients with chronic liver disease. In healthy subjects, infections are generally local or regional. We report two cases of necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis due to Vibrio vulnificus. CASE REPORTS: The first patient was a 21-year-old fisherman who developed extensive necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis 24 hours after a penetrating scratch with a fish bone. The second patient was also a fisherman. This 35-year-old man developed a massive area of necrotic tissue on the left leg, also 48 hours after a penetrating fish bone scratch. Both patients exhibited neutrophil hyperleukocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Bacteriological study of the pus and damaged tissue identified Vibrio vulnificus. Blood cultures were negative. Liver tests and liver ultrasound were normal. The course was favorable in both cases with antibiotic treatment and excision of the necrotic tissue. DISCUSSION: For these two cases of Vibrio vulnificus necrotizing dermo-hypodermitis, the diagnosis was based on epidemiological, clinical and bacteriological arguments. Neither of these patients had liver disease, explaining the limited locoregional nature of the infection. The severity of the skin necrosis and its rapid course are related to the toxins produced by V. vulnificus. Curative medical and surgical care is generally effective in cases without septicemia and prognosis is good. Education of exposed subjects, fishermen and patients with chronic liver disease, should be helpful for prevention.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Lyell syndrome in Senegal: responsibility of thiacetazone].

INTRODUCTION: Toxic epidermal necrolysis is a severe disease often leading to death or to mucosal, particularly ocular, after effects. The principle drugs responsible are antibacterial sulfonamides, anti-epileptics, non-steroid anti-inflammatories, allopurinol and chlormezanone. We report a series of 38 cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis, observed in Dakar, imputable to thiacetazone and lethal in 60 percent of cases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our study was retrospective. Diagnosis of toxic epidermal necrolysis was made in patients presenting more than 30 p. 100 of the epidermis of their total body surface stripped off, multi-orificial mucosal damage and epidermal necrosis revealed on histological examination. Drug imputability was established on classical criteria. Treatment was composed of reanimation and antibiotics. RESULTS: Among the 38 cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis counted, 24 were imputable to thiacetazone. All the patients presented typical clinical features, confirmed histologically. Evolution was lethal in 60 p. 100 of cases. The causes of death were frequently hypovolemic shock during the first week and septic shock during the second. The deceased were generally aged over 50, had more than 50 p. 100 of total epidermis stripped off, presented evolving tuberculosis at the time of the accident and HIV infection at the AIDS stage. After effects were vaginal synechia and 2 cases of blindness. COMMENTS: Our series is exceptional in that a) the drug responsible: thiacetazone, an economic tuberculostatic of minor efficacy, was systematically introduced after 2 months of intensive treatment with 4 major anti-tuberculosis agents; b) the 60 percent mortality rate, two-fold greater that that usually observed. Other than the known elements of poor prognosis in our patients, the treatment conditions of this dermatological emergency explain this high rate of mortality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Skin toxicity of thiacetazone (TB1) at a hospital service in Dakar].

From 1980 to 1997 we had observed 50 cases of cutaneous side effects of thiacetazone. There were 25 cases of Steven-Jonhson syndrome, 23 cases of Lyell syndrome, a case of erythrodermia and a case of lichenoid toxidermia. The mortality was 40% with 16 cases of Lyell syndrome and 4 cases of Steven Johnson syndrome. Thiacetazone is a minor tuberculostatic drug used widely in the national program against tuberculosis. Our results confirm the seriousness of cutaneous side effects due to this drug. So like in other neighboring countries, we suggest to avoid use of this drug in Senegal.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Squamous cell carcinoma arising on cutaneous discoid lupus erythematosus. Report of 3 cases].

We report 3 cases of squamous cell carcinoma arising respectively after 30, 6 and 19 years of spontaneous evolution of cutaneous discoid lupus erythematosus. In each case the histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous lupus discoid and squamous cell carcinoma. As phagedenic ulcer which is the main preneoplastic dermatosis, discoid lupus erythematosis must be considered. The long duration before the cancerisation allows a correct treatment of the disease to prevent the transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Tumoral mycetoma of the buttock].

BACKGROUND: Mycetomas are actinomycosic or fungal infections where the infectious agent produces grains. We report an atypical case of fungal mycetoma presenting as a tumoral formation on the buttock. CASE REPORT: A 56-year-old unemployed man from the Diourbel region of central Senegal consulted in February 1997 for a fistulalized tumor of the right buttock which had developed spontaneously and progressed for 5 years. The patient's general health remained satisfactory. Physical examination showed a voluminous 25 cm tumefaction extending from the right buttock to the perineum. The tumor showed a few areas of fistualization which discharged black grains under pressure. There was a 1.5 cm right inguinal node which did not appear to be inflammatory. The remainder of the physical examination was normal. Pathology reported inflammatory connective tissue surrounding a brownish polycyclic grain composed of spores and mycele filaments. The diagnosis of fungal mycetoma was retained and surgical excision under general anesthesia was performed. DISCUSSION: This is an atypical case of fungal mycetoma because of its tumoral form and gluteal localization. The differential diagnosis was cutaneous neurofibroma, myoma, or Darier-Ferrand dermatofibrosarcoma. The frequency of extrapodal red grain mycetomas has been pointed out by several authors from Senegal, but extrapodal black grain forms as seen in our case are more exceptional.

Buttocks↗
PubMed2000

[Contamination by aflatoxins of local peanut oils prepared in Senegal].

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins produced by certain strains of fungus (Aspergillus) which develop in peanut seeds. Peanut oil and peanut meal are widely used in Senegal. The risk of intoxication is quite real. We determined aflatoxin contamination levels in peanut oil and food prepared by small scale production plants in the Kaolack and Diourbel regions of Senegal. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the different samples showed that 80% of them were contaminated. Aflatoxin B(1), B(2), G(1) and G(2) were detected. The pattern of contamination was similar for the two regions. Aflatoxin B(1) was prevalent and found in over 85% of the samples. The mean content of this mycotoxin (the most dangerous toxin) was about 40 ppb, a value which largely exceeds specifications for allowable levels.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMed2000

[Mango leaves (Manguifera indica, Anacardiacea) used as biomarker of pollution by pp'Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (pp'DDT)].

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), organochlorine pesticide, byanother way cumulative pesticide is banned in mostdeveloped countries. Whatever, it is still used in many countries in the Third World. This work consist to check whether this chemical compound is still used in Senegal. The biomarker of pollution by this pesticide for this research was mango leaves (mango tree is widespread in Senegal) open to accumulate halogenated hydrocarbons. Leaves sample were taken in many sites in the centerline of Dakar-Thiès (Senegal), then analysed by gas chromatography. The results allowed to note the presence of DDT and its metabolites [(dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethylen (DDE), (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDD)] in most of samples. The comparison of DDT content in relation to those of the principal metabolite allowed to make the difference according to sample sites, an old contamination of an utilisation more or less recent of this pesticide. From those results, we can conclude that DDT, typical pesticide by its big persistence is still used in some spherical zones in this country, in particular in farming gardening zones.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed2000

[Aflatoxin contamination level in artisanal and industrial peanut butter food in Dakar (Senegal)].

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins produced by some strains of fungus (Aspergillus) which develop in peanut seeds. Peanut oil and past are very used up in Senegal, then the aflatoxin poisoning risk is very actual. The aim of this study was to determinate the aflatoxin level in artisanal and industrial peanut pastry food from Dakar (Sénégal). High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the different samples showed that the most contaminated by aflatoxins are artisanal pastry sold in different market of Dakar (Sénégal). Indeed, 40% of these samples contained mean values of aflatoxin B1 (the most dangerous) widely over allowable EEC specifications (5ppb). Furthermore, most of industrial and domestic peanut pastry were cleaned and could be consumed without risk.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed2000

[Assessment of the level of urinary iodine deficiency in children of Senegalese central regions].

Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) are a major public health problem in Senegal, where strategies of salt iodization were adopted in the southern and eastern regions. The aim of this study led in four districts (Koungheul, Bambey, Mekhe and Kebemer), was to estimate by a questionnaire, the women knowleges, attitudes and practices (KAP) concerning IDD, and to measure children urinary iodine excretion by the Sandell-Kolthoff method to assess a potential deficiency. Six hundred ninety eight households were selected covering 1336 women (age 15 to 49 years) and 400 children (age 6 to 12 years). Sixty three per cent of the women knew the goiter, 89% of them considered that it was a disease and only 0.6% knew the role of iodized salt in the treatment. On the other hand, 20% of the children presented a normal range of urinary iodine excretion superior to 100 microg/l, the deficiency was light (50 to 100 microg/l) in 38% of the children, moderate (25 to 50 microg/l) in 27% and severe (< 25 microg/l) in 15% of them. These results show that other Senegalese regions are concerned by iodine deficiency disorders and need information, education and iodine supplementation programmes, notably for children and young women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

2-Alkylcyclobutanones as markers for irradiated foodstuffs. III. Improvement of the field of application on the EN 1785 method by using silver ion chromatography.

The inclusion of a purification step by silver ion chromatography in the EN 1785 analytical protocol for 2-alkylcyclobutanones (validated by the European Committee for Standardization for the detection of ionizing radiation treatment) has considerably improved the quality of the chromatograms obtained, allowing the detection of food samples irradiated at very low doses (0.1 kGy) or irradiated ingredients included in low proportions in non irradiated foodstuffs. This analytical modification of the protocol EN 1785 ought thus to permit a very considerable extension of its current field of application.

Butanones↗
PubMed1999

Successful contracting of prevention services: fighting malnutrition in Senegal and Madagascar.

There are very few documented large-scale successes in nutrition in Africa, and virtually no consideration of contracting for preventive services. This paper describes two successful large-scale community nutrition projects in Africa as examples of what can be done in prevention using the contracting approach in rural as well as urban areas. The two case-studies are the Secaline project in Madagascar, and the Community Nutrition Project in Senegal. The article explains what is meant by 'success' in the context of these two projects, how these results were achieved, and how certain bottlenecks were avoided. Both projects are very similar in the type of service they provide, and in combining private administration with public finance. The article illustrates that contracting out is a feasible option to be seriously considered for organizing certain prevention programmes on a large scale. There are strong indications from these projects of success in terms of reducing malnutrition, replicability and scale, and community involvement. When choosing that option, a government can tap available private local human resources through contracting out, rather than delivering those services by the public sector. However, as was done in both projects studied, consideration needs to be given to using a contract management unit for execution and monitoring, which costs 13-17% of the total project's budget. Rigorous assessments of the cost-effectiveness of contracted services are not available, but improved health outcomes, targeting of the poor, and basic cost data suggest that the programmes may well be relatively cost-effective. Although the contracting approach is not presented as the panacea to solve the malnutrition problem faced by Africa, it can certainly provide an alternative in many countries to increase coverage and quality of services.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1999

[Neuroendocrine carcinoma: first case observed in Dakar].

Neuro endocrine carcinoma is an unusual malignant tumor occurring in white elderly persons. It's most common location is the skin of head and neck. We report the first case of of Merkel cell carcinoma from Dakar. It was a woman of 21 years with history of three nodular lesion on the left foot which occurred 8 month before her arrival in our department. Inguinal and poplital lymph nodes were enlarged. Histopathology and immunocytochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma. Our case is remarkable by the young age of our patient, her black race, the relative importance of the size and the localization of the tumor and the early occurrence of lymph node and pulmonary metastases.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Aflatoxins in food: tests of decontamination of peanut cakes by ionizing treatment].

The efficacy of ionising treatment for decontaminating peanut cakes was tested. The influence of cakes water content and the effect of ionisation dose rate were studied. The results obtained after a reverse phase liquid chromatographic determination of B1, B2, G1 and G2 aflatoxins have revealed an important contamination of the peanut cakes (up to 1000 ppb of total aflatoxin's contents). After ionising treatment at 25 kGy, the aflatoxins degradation in peanut cake's was less important in dried samples (about 5-10% at 0.55 water activity: aw) than in the humid ones (40-60% degradation at 0.95 water activity). At this dose, any indicative difference of the degradation rate of aflatoxins, with regard to the ionising process was observed. The efficacy of ionising treatment for decontaminating peanut cakes could probably be improved, however the economic interest of such process as alternative of the treatment with ammonia is questionable.

Aflatoxin B1↗
PubMed1999

[Pesticide bioaccumulation: measurement and levels of organochlorine residues in products of vegetable origin].

Because of their lipophilic properties and their persistence, organochlorine pesticides residues can be accumulated in human body by consuming regularly plants products. This study consisted of the monitoring of the contamination level of pesticides residues from various plants products, in order to assess the long- term intoxication risk to which Senegalese consumer is exposed ant identify throughout these plants some indicators of atmospheric pollution. The chromatographic analysis of medicinal plants, fruits and vegetables extracts showed that they could be contaminated by organochlorine residues. About ten of these pesticides residues were found confirming that the analysed plants were really contaminated. The residues level in medicinal plants (from 0.1 to 45 micrograms/kg) were widely below the maximum allowed concentrations and were also lower than those in fruits and vegetables (from 0.1 microgram/kg to 460 micrograms/kg). Heptachlorine residues contents of tomatoes and citrus fruits were higher than FAO/WHO norms, so that, a regular monitoring of the plants products is recommended for better protection of consumers.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMed1999

[Measurement and levels of aflatoxins in small-scale pressed peanut oil prepared in the Diourbel and Kaolack regions of Senegal].

Aflatoxins are mycotoxins produced by some strains of fungus (Aspergillus) which develops in peanuts seeds. Peanuts oil and past are very used up in Senegal, then the aflatoxins poisoning risk are very actual. This study relates to the determination of contamination levels by aflatoxins from peanut oil food prepared by small scale production in areas of Kaolack and Diourbel. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the different samples showed that 80% of them were contaminated in the areas of Kaolack and Diourbel. Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2 has been detected with a profile of contamination almost identical in the both areas. Aflatoxin B1 was prevalent and has been found in over 85% of samples. Mean contents of this mycotoxin (the most dangerous toxin) is about 40 ppb, value widely superior to allowable specifications.

Aflatoxin B1↗